Java Explicit static Initialization

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-17 11:01:08 发布

wangbingfeng0

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-17 11:01:08 发布

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分类专栏： Thinking in Java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wangbingfengf98/article/details/85237493

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本文深入探讨Java中静态初始化的概念，通过实例演示了静态初始化块如何仅在第一次创建类的对象或访问类的静态成员时执行一次。文章展示了不同情况下静态初始化的执行顺序，帮助读者理解其在Java内存模型中的作用。

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Static initializations, is executed only once: the first time you make an object of that class or the first time you access a static member of that class (even if you never make an object of that class).

// housekeeping/ExplicitStatic.java
// (c)2017 MindView LLC: see Copyright.txt
// We make no guarantees that this code is fit for any purpose.
// Visit http://OnJava8.com for more book information.
// Explicit static initialization with "static" clause

class Cup {
  Cup(int marker) {
    System.out.println("Cup(" + marker + ")");
  }

  void f(int marker) {
    System.out.println("f(" + marker + ")");
  }
}

class Cups {
  static Cup cup1;
  static Cup cup2;

  static {
    cup1 = new Cup(1);
    cup2 = new Cup(2);
  }

  Cups() {
    System.out.println("Cups()");
  }
}

public class ExplicitStatic {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.out.println("Inside main()");
    Cups.cup1.f(99); // [1]
  }

  // static Cups cups1 = new Cups(); // [2]
  // static Cups cups2 = new Cups(); // [2]
}
/* When [1] is uncommented, [2] are commented. Output:
Inside main()
Cup(1)
Cup(2)
f(99)

When both [1] and [2] are uncommented. Output:
Cup(1)
Cup(2)
Cups()
Cups()
Inside main()
f(99)

When [1] is commented, [2] are uncommented. Output:
Cup(1)
Cup(2)
Cups()
Cups()
Inside main()

When both [1] and [2] are commented. Output:
Inside main()
*/

then change the code order

// housekeeping/ExplicitStatic.java
// (c)2017 MindView LLC: see Copyright.txt
// We make no guarantees that this code is fit for any purpose.
// Visit http://OnJava8.com for more book information.
// Explicit static initialization with "static" clause

class Cup {
  Cup(int marker) {
    System.out.println("Cup(" + marker + ")");
  }

  void f(int marker) {
    System.out.println("f(" + marker + ")");
  }
}

class Cups {
  static {
    // cup1 = new Cup(1);
    cup2 = new Cup(2);
  }

  static Cup cup1 = new Cup(1);
  static Cup cup2;

  Cups() {
    System.out.println("Cups()");
  }
}

public class ExplicitStatic {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.out.println("Inside main()");
    Cups.cup1.f(99); // [1]
  }

  // static Cups cups1 = new Cups(); // [2]
  // static Cups cups2 = new Cups(); // [2]
}
/* My Output:
Inside main()
Cup(2)
Cup(1)
f(99)
*/

for better understand, please read below content.

see instance initialization.

see initialization with inheritance.

references:

1. On Java 8 - Bruce Eckel

2. https://github.com/wangbingfeng/OnJava8-Examples/blob/master/housekeeping/ExplicitStatic.java