Definition and History:
Base64 encoding are commonly used when there is a need to encode binary data that needs be stored and transferred over media that are designed to deal with textual data like Email which only allows to send ASCII data. This is to ensure that the data remains intact without modification during transport.
Why and When:
When you have some binary data that you want to ship across a network, you generally don't do it by just streaming the bits and bytes over the wire in a raw format. Why? because some media are made for streaming text. You never know some protocols may interpret your binary data as control characters (like a modem), or your binary data could be screwed up because the underlying protocol might think that you've entered a special character combination (like how FTP translates line endings). So to get around this, people encode the binary data into characters. Base64 is one of these types of encodings. Why 64? Because you can generally rely on the same 64 characters being present in many character sets, and you can be reasonably confident that your data's going to end up on the other side of the wire uncorrupted.
Base64 encoding are commonly used when there is a need to encode binary data that needs be stored and transferred over media that are designed to deal with textual data like Email which only allows to send ASCII data. This is to ensure that the data remains intact without modification during transport.
Why and When:
When you have some binary data that you want to ship across a network, you generally don't do it by just streaming the bits and bytes over the wire in a raw format. Why? because some media are made for streaming text. You never know some protocols may interpret your binary data as control characters (like a modem), or your binary data could be screwed up because the underlying protocol might think that you've entered a special character combination (like how FTP translates line endings). So to get around this, people encode the binary data into characters. Base64 is one of these types of encodings. Why 64? Because you can generally rely on the same 64 characters being present in many character sets, and you can be reasonably confident that your data's going to end up on the other side of the wire uncorrupted.
64: use 64 characters to encode the binary data
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