零基础 CentOS 7 下安装MySQL5.7 步骤

CentOS 7下安装 MySQL5.7（参考MySQL官方文档）

本文主要介绍在CentOS 7下安装MySQL 5.7步骤，主要参考MySQL5.7reference，结合安装MySQL过程中遇到的问题总结。

环境信息

shell > cat  /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003 (Core)

MySQL5.7安装包下载地址
https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.30-el7-x86_64.tar.gz

安装步骤

1. 卸载CentOS7默认安装的mariadb

shell > rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64
shell > rpm -e  mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64
error: Failed dependencies:
	libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64
	libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64

若卸载出现如上错误则改用

shell > rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64

2. 下载MySQL5.7安装包

shell > mkdir /usr/common
shell > cd /usr/common
shell > wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.30-el7-x86_64.tar.gz

3. 安装MySQL依赖 libaio

shell > yum search libaio
shell > yum install libaio

4. 安装MySQL

shell > cd /usr/common/  
shell > tar zxvf mysql-5.7.30-el7-x86_64.tar.gz 
shell > mv mysql-5.7.30-el7-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
shell > cd /usr/local/mysql

5. 创建mysql用户信息

shell > groupadd mysql
shell > useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
shell > bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
[Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: CSSv23t>1n4R 
shell > bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup

6. 启动mysql

shell > bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

7. 修改root默认密码，授权登录信息

shell > bin/mysql -uroot -p 
Enter password:  //填写5步骤中MySQL初始化密码，这里为 CSSv23t>1n4R
....
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
//提示需要修改root账户密码 ，密码需要满足安全策略 字母大小写，特殊字符等

修改默认密码

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'CSSv23t>2n4R';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

修改登录授权，以便其他设备连接

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select user,host from user;
+---------------+-----------+
| user          | host      |
+---------------+-----------+
| mysql.session | localhost |
| mysql.sys     | localhost |
| root          | localhost |
+---------------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update user set host = '%' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0