ubuntu 下安装rails！

在ubuntu下安装rails时，我尝试了以下命令:

sudo apt-get install ruby

sudo gem install rails

结果在安装rails时得到了如下错误

Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing rails:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb
/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError)
    from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'
    from extconf.rb:13:in `<main>'


Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/atomic-1.1.13 for inspection.
Results logged to /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/atomic-1.1.13/ext/gem_make.out

上网搜索了一番，找到原因说是没有安装 build-essential,

linux操作系统上面开发程序， 光有了gcc 是不行的
它还需要一个   build-essential软件包
作用是