tracert跟踪路由C语言源代码

#define  WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN

#include <winsock2.h>                     //使用原始套接字需要WinSock2的支持
#include <ws2tcpip.h>                     //进行IPPROTO_IP级别设置时用到
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define ICMP_ECHO       8                 //发送Ping请求时的ICMP报文类型
#define ICMP_ECHOREPLY  0                 //接收Ping回复时的ICMP报文类型
#define ICMP_TIMEOUT    11                //ICMP超时报文类型
#define ICMP_MIN        8                 //Minimum 8-byte ICMP packet (header)
#define MAX_PACKET      1024              //Max ICMP packet size
#define DEICMP_PACKSIZE 44                //Defaut ICMP PACKET SIZE
char    lpdest[16];                       //用来存放目的IP地址
DWORD   cStartTickCount;                  //用来存放发送包的起始时间

#pragma comment( lib, "ws2_32.lib" )    

typedef struct _icmphdr                   //ICMP头部定义，被封装在IP包中
{
	BYTE   i_type;                        //报文类型
	BYTE   i_code;                        //代码
	USHORT i_cksum;                       //校验和
	USHORT i_id;                          //标识符
	USHORT i_seq;                         //序号	
}IcmpHeader;
//初始化ICMP头部
void FillICMPData(char *icmp_data,int datasize)
{
	IcmpHeader *icmp_hdr=NULL;
	char       *datapart=NULL;
	icmp_hdr=(IcmpHeader *)icmp_data;
	icmp_hdr->i_type=ICMP_ECHO;     //request an ICMP echo
	icmp_hdr->i_code=0;
	icmp_hdr->i_id=(USHORT)GetCurrentProcessId();
	icmp_hdr->i_cksum=0;
	icmp_hdr->i_seq=0;
	datapart=icmp_data+sizeof(IcmpHeader);
	memset(datapart,'E',datasize-sizeof(IcmpHeader));
}
//校验和函数
USHORT checksum(USHORT *buffer,int size)
{
	unsigned long cksum=0;
	while(size>1)
	{
		cksum+=*buffer++;
		size-=sizeof(USHORT);
	}
	if(size)
		cksum+=*(UCHAR *)buffer;
	cksum=(cksum>>16)+(cksum & 0xffff);
	cksum+=(cksum>>16);
	return (USHORT)(~cksum);;
}
int DecodeIPHeader(char *buf,int bytes,struct sockaddr_in *from)
{
	IcmpHeader      *icmphdr=NULL;
	DWORD           tick;
	static int      icmpcount=1;
	unsigned short  iphdrlen;
	//判断接收操作是否超时
	if(!buf)
	{
		printf("%2d:        ***.***.***.***        Request timed out.\n",icmpcount++);
		return 1;
	}
	tick=GetTickCount();
	iphdrlen=(buf[0] & 0x0f)*4;
	icmphdr=(IcmpHeader *)(buf+iphdrlen);
	if(bytes<iphdrlen+ICMP_MIN)
	{
		printf("Too few bytes from %s\n",inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
		return 0;
	}
	//判断接收的ICMP报文是否为超时报文
	if(icmphdr->i_type==ICMP_TIMEOUT&&icmphdr->i_code==0)
	{
		printf("%2d:        %-15s       %4dms\n",icmpcount++,inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr),tick-cStartTickCount);	
		return 0;
	}
	//判断接收的ICMP报文是否为回复报文
	else if(icmphdr->i_type==ICMP_ECHOREPLY&&icmphdr->i_id==GetCurrentProcessId())
	{
		printf("%2d:        %-15s       %4dms\n",icmpcount++,inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr),tick-cStartTickCount);
		printf("Trace complete!\n");
		return 1;
	}
	//其他类型,表示不可达
	else
	{
		printf("%2d:        Destination host is unreachable!\n",icmpcount++);
		return 1;
	}
}
int main()
{
	WSADATA            wsaData;
	SOCKET             sockRaw=INVALID_SOCKET;
	struct sockaddr_in dest,
		from;
	int                i,bread,fromlen=sizeof(from),timeout=1000,ret;	
	struct hostent    *hp=NULL;
	char              *icmp_data=NULL,*recvbuf=NULL;
	USHORT             seq_no=0;

	printf("Destination Address(IP/Host name):");
	scanf("%s",lpdest);	
	if(WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2),&wsaData)!=0)
	{
		printf("WSAStartup() failed:%d\n",GetLastError());
		return -1;
	}

	//创建套接字
	sockRaw=WSASocket(AF_INET,SOCK_RAW,IPPROTO_ICMP,NULL,0,WSA_FLAG_OVERLAPPED);
	if(sockRaw==INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		printf("WSASocket() failed:%d\n",WSAGetLastError());
		return -1;
	}
	//对锁定套接字设置超时
	bread=setsockopt(sockRaw,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVTIMEO,(char *)&timeout,sizeof(timeout));
	if(bread==SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		printf("setsockopt(SO_RCVTIMEO) failed:%d\n",WSAGetLastError());
		return -1;
	}
	timeout=1000;
	bread=setsockopt(sockRaw,SOL_SOCKET,SO_SNDTIMEO,(char *)&timeout,sizeof(timeout));
	if(bread==SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		printf("setsockopt(SO_SNDTIMEO) failed:%d\n",WSAGetLastError());
		return -1;
	}
	//解析目标地址，将主机名转化为IP地址
	memset(&dest,0,sizeof(dest));
	dest.sin_family=AF_INET;
	if((dest.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=inet_addr(lpdest))==INADDR_NONE)
	{
		if((hp=gethostbyname(lpdest))!=NULL)
		{
			memcpy(&(dest.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr),hp->h_addr_list[0],hp->h_length);
			dest.sin_family=hp->h_addrtype;
			printf("dest.sin_addr=%s\n",inet_ntoa(dest.sin_addr));
		}
		else
		{
			printf("gethostbyname() failed:%d\n",WSAGetLastError());
			return -1;
		}
	}
	//Create the ICMP pakcet
	icmp_data= (char*)HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(),HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY,MAX_PACKET);
	recvbuf  = (char*)HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(),HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY,MAX_PACKET);
	if(!icmp_data)
	{
		printf("HeapAlloc() failed: %d\n",GetLastError());
		return -1;
	}
	memset(icmp_data,0,MAX_PACKET);
	FillICMPData(icmp_data,DEICMP_PACKSIZE);
	printf("Hop          IP Address           Time elapsed\n");
	//开始发送/接收ICMP报文
	for(i=1;i<=255;i++)
	{
		int bwrote;
		//设置IP包的生存期
		ret=setsockopt(sockRaw,IPPROTO_IP,IP_TTL,(char *)&i,sizeof(int));
		if(ret==SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			printf("setsockopt(IP_TTL) failed:%d\n",WSAGetLastError());
		}
		((IcmpHeader *)icmp_data)->i_cksum =0;		
		((IcmpHeader *)icmp_data)->i_seq=seq_no++;     //Sequence number of ICMP packets
		((IcmpHeader *)icmp_data)->i_cksum=checksum((USHORT *)icmp_data,DEICMP_PACKSIZE);
		//发送ICMP包请求查询
		cStartTickCount=GetTickCount();
		bwrote=sendto(sockRaw,icmp_data,DEICMP_PACKSIZE,0,(struct sockaddr *)&dest,sizeof(dest));
		if(bwrote==SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			if(WSAGetLastError()==WSAETIMEDOUT)
			{
				printf("timed out\n");
				continue;
			}
			printf("sendto() failed:%d\n",WSAGetLastError());
			return -1;
		}
		if(bwrote<DEICMP_PACKSIZE)
		{
			printf("Wrote %d bytes\n",bwrote);
		}
		//接收ICMP回复包
		bread=recvfrom(sockRaw,recvbuf,MAX_PACKET,0,(struct sockaddr *)&from,&fromlen);
		if(bread==SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			if(WSAGetLastError()==WSAETIMEDOUT)
			{
				DecodeIPHeader(NULL,0,NULL);
				continue;
			}
			printf("recvfrom() failed:%d\n",WSAGetLastError());
			return -1;
		}
		if(DecodeIPHeader(recvbuf,bread,&from))
			break;
		Sleep(1000);
	}

	system("pause");

	if(sockRaw!=INVALID_SOCKET)
		closesocket(sockRaw);

	HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(),0,recvbuf);
	HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(),0,icmp_data);
	WSACleanup();

	

	return 0;
}

 

测试如下：

 

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