K8s ❉ Pod

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-16 22:18:40 发布

wangjie722703

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-16 22:18:40 发布

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分类专栏：云计算文章标签： kubernetes docker 容器

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wangjie72270/article/details/122237618

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Pod是k8s集群进行管理的最小单元，程序要运行必须部署在容器中，而容器必须存在于Pod中。

Pod可以认为是容器的封装，一个Pod中可以存在一个或者多个容器。

k8s在集群启动之后，集群中的各个组件也都是以Pod方式运行的。可以通过下面命令查看：

[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system
NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
coredns-9d85f5447-k5cp6          0/1     Running   4          39h
coredns-9d85f5447-tjdfj          0/1     Running   3          39h
etcd-master                      1/1     Running   3          39h
kube-apiserver-master            1/1     Running   7          39h
kube-controller-manager-master   1/1     Running   7          39h
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-blp6c      1/1     Running   2          28h
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-t949t      1/1     Running   2          28h
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-xfcn9      1/1     Running   2          28h
kube-proxy-6f4xl                 1/1     Running   1          28h
kube-proxy-869gd                 1/1     Running   2          28h
kube-proxy-qrc65                 1/1     Running   3          39h
kube-scheduler-master            1/1     Running   7          39h

1 创建并运行

k8s没有提供单独运行pod的命令，都是通过Pod控制器来实现的。

# 命令格式： kubectl run Pod控制器名称 [参数]
# --image 指定pod的镜像
# --port 指定端口
# --namespace 指定namespace
[root@master ~]#kubectl run nginx --image=nginx:latest --port=80 --namespace dev
deployment.apps/nginx created

2 查看pod信息

[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -n default
NAME                     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-6867cdf567-966sx   1/1     Running   1          27h
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -n default -o wide
NAME                     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP           NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
nginx-6867cdf567-966sx   1/1     Running   1          27h   10.244.2.4   slave2   <none>           <none>
[root@master ~]# kubectl describe pod nginx-6867cdf567-966sx
Name:         nginx-6867cdf567-966sx
Namespace:    default
Priority:     0
Node:         slave2/192.168.247.138
Start Time:   Wed, 29 Dec 2021 11:20:43 +0800
Labels:       app=nginx
              pod-template-hash=6867cdf567
Annotations:  <none>
Status:       Running
IP:           10.244.2.4
IPs:
  IP:           10.244.2.4
Controlled By:  ReplicaSet/nginx-6867cdf567
Containers:
  nginx:
    Container ID:   docker://f07a9555828ab596071358f7de928f5ce4280a6521c4278dbb4a8b3b39c6a9c6
    Image:          nginx:1.14-alpine
    Image ID:       docker-pullable://nginx@sha256:485b610fefec7ff6c463ced9623314a04ed67e3945b9c08d7e53a47f6d108dc7
    Port:           <none>
    Host Port:      <none>
    State:          Running
      Started:      Wed, 29 Dec 2021 19:56:37 +0800
    Last State:     Terminated
      Reason:       Error
      Exit Code:    255
      Started:      Wed, 29 Dec 2021 11:20:57 +0800
      Finished:     Wed, 29 Dec 2021 19:55:44 +0800
    Ready:          True
    Restart Count:  1
    Environment:    <none>
    Mounts:
      /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-ndkph (ro)
Conditions:
  Type              Status
  Initialized       True 
  Ready             True 
  ContainersReady   True 
  PodScheduled      True 
Volumes:
  default-token-ndkph:
    Type:        Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
    SecretName:  default-token-ndkph
    Optional:    false
QoS Class:       BestEffort
Node-Selectors:  <none>
Tolerations:     node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
                 node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
  Type     Reason                  Age                 From             Message
  ----     ------                  ----                ----             -------

2 访问pod

# 获取pod的IP地址
[root@master ~]#kubectl get pods -n dev -o wide
NAME    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE    IP             NODE    ... 
nginx   1/1     Running   0          190s   10.244.1.23   node1   ...
# 访问pod
[root@master ~]# curl http://10.244.1.23:80
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
	<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
</head>
<body>
	<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

3 删除指定pod

# 删除指定pod
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete pod nginx-6867cdf567-966sx
pod "nginx-6867cdf567-966sx" deleted
# 此时显示删除成功，但是再查询，发现又产生了一个
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod
NAME                     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-6867cdf567-5777l   1/1     Running   0          7s
# 这是因为当前pod是由pod控制器创建的，控制器会监控pod状况，一旦发现pod死亡，会立即重建
# 此时若想删除pod，必须删除pod控制器

# 先查询一下当前namespace下的pod控制器
[root@master ~]# kubectl get deploy -n default
NAME    READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx   1/1     1            1           28h
# 接下来，删除刺pod的控制器
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete deploy  nginx -n default
deployment.apps "nginx" deleted
# 稍等片刻，重新查询pod，发现pod被删除了
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod
No resources found in default namespace.


# 也可以直接删除整个namespace
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete ns dev
namespace "dev" deleted
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -n dev
No resources found in dev namespace.

4 配置操作

创建一个pod-nginx.yaml，内容如下

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
    name: dev
    
    
---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod # 注意这里是大写的P
metadata:
    name: nginx
    namespace: dev
spec:
    containers:
      - image: nginx:latest
        name: pod
        ports:
          - name: nginx-port
            containerPort: 80
            protocol: TCP

然后就可以执行对应的创建和删除命令了：

创建： kubectl create -f pod-nginx.yaml

删除： kubectl delete -f pod-nginx.yaml

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K8s ❉ Pod

Pod是k8s集群进行管理的最小单元，程序要运行必须部署在容器中，而容器必须存在于Pod中。Pod可以认为是容器的封装，一个Pod中可以存在一个或者多个容器。k8s在集群启动之后，集群中的各个组件也都是以Pod方式运行的。可以通过下面命令查看：[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -n kube-systemNAME READY STATUS RESTA...
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