Excel表中,有少量数据时使用Workbook解析没有问题,但在遇到海量数据时就会崩溃,查阅资料结合别人的代码自己也写了一个实例。
先看结论再看代码:
1.优点:灵活,如有多个不同的Excel表,可以写多个ExcelXXXReader,例如我有三个表,Coupon,Qa,Order,那我就对应ExcelCouponReader,ExcelQaReader,ExcelOrderReader,再新增类型表格,只需要对应新增Reader就可以了。
2 缺点:解析速度慢,对比别人写的工具类,100W,1000W的数据,只需要10S,20S,抱歉我20个字段,ThinkPad,20W的数据需要80s。
3 想省事的话,第一第二段代码直接粘贴复制,将其中的实体类替换成自己的就可以了。
代码部分:工具分为两个部分,一个是对读取Excel表格,另一个是将Excel中的字段一一解析到对应的实体类中。
第一部分,读取:
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.eventusermodel.XSSFReader;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.model.SharedStringsTable;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRichTextString;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLReaderFactory;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
/**
* package
* Description:用于解析大数据量的EXCEL文件工具类,可以解析少量的emoji表情的,如有昵称,建议将该字段删除
* Date:
* Author:
**/
public abstract class XxlsAbstractReader extends DefaultHandler {
private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(XxlsAbstractReader.class);
private SharedStringsTable sst;
private String lastContents;
private boolean nextIsString;
private int sheetIndex = -1;
private List<Object> rowlist = new ArrayList<Object>();
private int curRow = 0; // 当前行
private int curCol = 0; // 当前列索引
private int preCol = 0; // 上一列列索引
private int titleRow = 0; // 标题行,一般情况下为0
private int rowsize = 0; // 列数
// excel记录行操作方法,以sheet索引,行索引和行元素列表为参数,对sheet的一行元素进行操作,元素为String类型
public abstract void optRows(int sheetIndex, int curRow, List<Object> rowlist) throws SQLException;
// 只遍历一个sheet,其中sheetId为要遍历的sheet索引,从1开始,1-3
/**
* @param filename
* @param sheetId sheetId为要遍历的sheet索引,从1开始,1-3
* @throws Exception
*/
public void processOneSheet(String filename, int sheetId) throws Exception {
OPCPackage pkg = OPCPackage.open(filename);
XSSFReader r = new XSSFReader(pkg);
SharedStringsTable sst = r.getSharedStringsTable();
XMLReader parser = fetchSheetParser(sst);
// rId2 found by processing the Workbook
// 根据 rId# 或 rSheet# 查找sheet
InputStream sheet2 = r.getSheet("rId" + sheetId);
sheetIndex++;
InputSource sheetSource = new InputSource(sheet2);
parser.parse(sheetSource);
sheet2.close();
}
/**
* 遍历 excel 文件
*/
public void process(String filename) throws Exception {
OPCPackage pkg = OPCPackage.open(filename);
XSSFReader r = new XSSFReader(pkg);
SharedStringsTable sst = r.getSharedStringsTable();
XMLReader parser = fetchSheetParser(sst);
Iterator<InputStream> sheets = r.getSheetsData();
while (sheets.hasNext()) {
curRow = 0;
sheetIndex++;
InputStream sheet = sheets.next();
InputSource sheetSource = new InputSource(sheet);
parser.parse(sheetSource);
sheet.close();
}
}
/**
* 遍历 excel 文件
*/
public void process(InputStream in) throws Exception {
OPCPackage pkg = OPCPackage.open(in);
XSSFReader r = new XSSFReader(pkg);
SharedStringsTable sst = r.getSharedStringsTable();
XMLReader parser = fetchSheetParser(sst);
Iterator<InputStream> sheets = r.getSheetsData();
while (sheets.hasNext()) {
curRow = 0;
sheetIndex++;
InputStream sheet = sheets.next();
InputSource sheetSource = new InputSource(sheet);
parser.parse(sheetSource);
sheet.close();
}
}
public XMLReader fetchSheetParser(SharedStringsTable sst) throws SAXException {
XMLReader parser = XMLReaderFactory.createXMLReader();
// .createXMLReader("org.apache.xerces.parsers.SAXParser");
this.sst = sst;
parser.setContentHandler(this);
return parser;
}
public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String name, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
// c => 单元格
if ("c".equals(name)) {
// 如果下一个元素是 SST 的索引,则将nextIsString标记为true
String cellType = attributes.getValue("t");
String rowStr = attributes.getValue("r");
curCol = this.getRowIndex(rowStr);
if (cellType != null && "s".equals(cellType)) {
nextIsString = true;
} else {
nextIsString = false;
}
}
// 置空
lastContents = "";
}
public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String name) throws SAXException {
// 根据SST的索引值的到单元格的真正要存储的字符串
// 这时characters()方法可能会被调用多次
if (nextIsString) {
try {
int idx = Integer.parseInt(lastContents);
lastContents = new XSSFRichTextString(sst.getEntryAt(idx)).toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
// v => 单元格的值,如果单元格是字符串则v标签的值为该字符串在SST中的索引
// 将单元格内容加入rowlist中,在这之前先去掉字符串前后的空白符
if ("v".equals(name)) {
String value = lastContents.trim();
value = "".equals(value) ? " " : value;
int cols = curCol - preCol;
if (cols > 1) {
for (int i = 0; i < cols - 1; i++) {
rowlist.add(preCol, "");
}
}
preCol = curCol;
rowlist.add(curCol - 1, value);
} else {
// 如果标签名称为 row ,这说明已到行尾,调用 optRows() 方法
if ("row".equals(name)) {
int tmpCols = rowlist.size();
if (tmpCols > 0) {
if (curRow > this.titleRow && tmpCols < this.rowsize) {
for (int i = 0; i < this.rowsize - tmpCols; i++) {
rowlist.add(rowlist.size(), "");
}
}
try {
optRows(sheetIndex, curRow, rowlist);
} catch (SQLException e) {
logger.error("endElement error", e);
}
} else {// 跳过空白行
logger.info("jump blank row ,curRow:" + (curRow + 1));
}
if (curRow == this.titleRow) {
this.rowsize = rowlist.size();
if (this.rowsize == 0) {
throw new RuntimeException("excel 未被编辑或者内容为空");
}
}
rowlist.clear();
curRow++;
curCol = 0;
preCol = 0;
}
}
}
public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException {
// 得到单元格内容的值
lastContents += new String(ch, start, length);
}
// 得到列索引,每一列c元素的r属性构成为字母加数字的形式,字母组合为列索引,数字组合为行索引,
// 如AB45,表示为第(A-A+1)*26+(B-A+1)*26列,45行
public int getRowIndex(String rowStr) {
rowStr = rowStr.replaceAll("[^A-Z]", "");
byte[] rowAbc = rowStr.getBytes();
int len = rowAbc.length;
float num = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
num += (rowAbc[i] - 'A' + 1) * Math.pow(26, len - i - 1);
}
return (int) num;
}
public int getTitleRow() {
return titleRow;
}
public void setTitleRow(int titleRow) {
this.titleRow = titleRow;
}
public int getSheetIndex() {
return sheetIndex;
}
}
第二部分
import com.XXX.common.context.util.UuidUtil;
import com.XXX.customized.mmt.uploadexcel.model.ExcelCoupon;
import org.apache.commons.lang.time.DateUtils;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;
/**
* Paceage:
* Description:使用工具类对EXCEL文件进行解析并映射到实体类中
* Date:
* Author:
**/
public class ExcelCouponReader extends XxlsAbstractReader {
private List<ExcelCoupon> voList = new ArrayList<>();
public ExcelCouponReader() {
}
@Override
public void optRows(int sheetIndex, int curRow, List<Object> rowlist) throws SQLException {
if (curRow == 0) {
return;
}
// 将要解析的实体类
ExcelCoupon excelCoupon = new ExcelCoupon();
excelCoupon.setNo(String.valueOf(rowlist.get(0)));
excelCoupon.setOpenid(rowlist.get(1).toString());
excelCoupon.setWID(rowlist.get(2).toString());
excelCoupon.setCouponCode(rowlist.get(3).toString());
excelCoupon.setStatus(rowlist.get(4).toString());
excelCoupon.setReceivedTime(numToString(rowlist.get(5).toString()));
excelCoupon.setRedeemedTime(numToString(rowlist.get(6).toString()));
excelCoupon.setShopName(rowlist.get(7).toString());
excelCoupon.setTitle(rowlist.get(8).toString());
excelCoupon.setDetail(rowlist.get(9).toString());
excelCoupon.setUseTips(rowlist.get(10).toString());
excelCoupon.setStartTime(numToString(rowlist.get(11).toString()));
excelCoupon.setEndTime(numToString(rowlist.get(12).toString()));
excelCoupon.setCardId(rowlist.get(13).toString());
excelCoupon.setLanguage(rowlist.get(14).toString());
excelCoupon.setUid(uid);
voList.add(excelCoupon);
}
public List<ExcelCoupon> getExcelCouponList() {
return voList;
}
/**
* 日期类型字段会被解析成1900至今的毫秒数,自己写了一个工具,将毫秒数转换为日期,小时和分钟会丢失精度
* @param dataString
* @return
*/
public static String numToString(String dataString) {
if ("" != dataString && null != dataString) {
String str = null;
if (!dataString.contains(".")) {
Calendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar(1900,0,-1);
Date d1 = calendar.getTime();
Date d2 = DateUtils.addDays(d1,Integer.valueOf(dataString));
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm");
str = sdf.format(d2);
}else {
String string = dataString.substring(0,dataString.lastIndexOf("."));
Calendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar(1900,0,-1);
Date d1 = calendar.getTime();
Date d2 = DateUtils.addDays(d1,Integer.valueOf(string));
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm");
str = sdf.format(d2);
}
return str;
}
return "";
}
}
使用:
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
File file = new File("D:test.xlsx");
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
ExcelCouponReader excelCouponReader = new ExcelCouponReader();
excelCouponReader.process(in);
//解析到对应的实体类
List<ExcelCoupon> excelCouponList = excelCouponReader.getExcelCouponList();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}