Hibernate的注解开发之数据的三种关系介绍，表结构多对多

表结构多对多

对于表结构的多对多关系，我们在实际开发中使用也非常多，

所以我也简单介绍个使用注解开发时的多对多关系案例

描述学生和老师之间的关系

一个学生会有多个老师教导

一个老师会给多个学生上课

首先配置hibernate的核心配置文件

hibernate.cfg.xml

<mapping class="cn.itheima.manytomany.Teacher" />
<mapping class="cn.itheima.manytomany.Student" />





学生类
Student.java

package cn.itheima.manytomany;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;

import org.hibernate.annotations.Cascade;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CascadeType;

@Entity//ORM实体
@Table(name = "t_student")//对应表
public class Student {
	@Id//主键
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)//主键生成策略
	private Integer id;
	private String name;//如果不指定，默认也是回到表中的字段的，属性名将作为字段名
	
	//多对多
	@ManyToMany(targetEntity = Teacher.class)
	// 使用joinTab来描述中间表，并描述中间表中外键与student，teacher的映射关系
	//描述中间表名student_teacher
	//两个字段名c_student_id，c_teacher_id，注意当前类是学生类，所以joinColumns里的字段名写的是对应学生表的字段名
	@JoinTable(name = "student_teacher", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "c_student_id") },
				inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "c_teacher_id") })
	//级联保存
	@Cascade(CascadeType.SAVE_UPDATE)
	private Set<Teacher> teacher = new HashSet<>();

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Set<Teacher> getTeacher() {
		return teacher;
	}

	public void setTeacher(Set<Teacher> teacher) {
		this.teacher = teacher;
	}

}




老师类
Teacher.java


package cn.itheima.manytomany;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity//描述实体
@Table(name="t_teacher")//对应表
public class Teacher {
	@Id//主键
	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)//主键的生成策略
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	
	//多对多关系
	@ManyToMany(mappedBy="teacher")//当前表放弃外键维护，这样只有学生表进行外键维护
	private Set<Student> student = new HashSet<>();
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public Set<Student> getStudent() {
		return student;
	}
	public void setStudent(Set<Student> student) {
		this.student = student;
	}
	
	
}


测试类

StudentTeacherTest.java
package cn.itheima.manytomany;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.junit.Test;

import cn.itheima.utils.HibernateUtils;
/**
 * 测试类
 * @author admin
 *
 */
public class StudentTeacherTest {
	@Test
	public void test1(){
		Session session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		
		Student stu1 = new Student();
		stu1.setName("小明");
		Student stu2 = new Student();
		stu2.setName("小红");
		
		Teacher tea1 = new Teacher();
		tea1.setName("张良");
		Teacher tea2 = new Teacher();
		tea2.setName("荀子");

		stu1.getTeacher().add(tea1);
		stu1.getTeacher().add(tea2);
		stu2.getTeacher().add(tea1);
		stu2.getTeacher().add(tea2);
		
		session.save(stu1);
		session.save(stu2);
		
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
		
	}
}


测试结果：

学生表






老师表






中间表