使用kubeadm搭建高可用的K8s集群

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-09 21:30:21 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-09 21:30:21 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wangruxin222/article/details/117946369

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准备四个节点
在这里插入图片描述
在四台机器分别操作
1.设置主机名

hostnamectl set-hostname master1
hostnamectl set-hostname master2
hostnamectl set-hostname node1
hostnamectl set-hostnamek8s-vip

2.关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

3.关闭selinux

sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config  
setenforce 0

4.关闭swap

swapoff -a  
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab

5.在master添加hosts

[root@master1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
10.30.59.231 master.k8s.io       k8s-vip
10.30.59.212 master01.k8s.io     master1
10.30.59.221 master02.k8s.io     master2
10.30.59.223 node01.k8s.io       node1

6.将桥接的IPV4流量传递到iptables的链

[root@master1 ~]# cat /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf 
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1

生效

 [root@master1 ~]#sysctl --system

时间同步

[root@master1 ~]#yum install ntpdate -y
[root@master1 ~]# ntpdate time.windows.com

master节点部署keepalived

安装相关包和keepalived

[root@master1 ~]# yum install -y conntrack-tools libseccomp libtool-ltdl
[root@master1 ~]#yum install -y keepalived

配置master1节点

[root@master1 ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
   router_id k8s
}

vrrp_script check_haproxy {
     script "killall -0 haproxy"
     interval 3
     weight -2
     fall 10
     rise 2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
     state MASTER 
     interface ens192
     virtual_router_id 51
     priority 250
     advert_int 1
     authentication {
          auth_type PASS52
          auth_pass ceb1b3ec013d66163d6ab
     }
      virtual_ipaddress {
          10.30.59.231
      }
      track_script {
           check_haproxy
      }


}

配置master2节点

[root@master2 ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
    router_id k8s
}

vrrp_script check_haproxy {
    script "killall -0 haproxy"
    interval 3
    weight -2
    fall 10
    rise 2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
     state BACKUP 
    interface ens192
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 200
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass ceb1b3ec013d66163d6ab
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.30.59.231
    }
    track_script {
       check_haproxy
    }

}

启动keepalived并设置为开机自启，两台master节点都需要操作

systemctl start keepalived.service
systemctl enable keepalived.service

查看启动状态

[root@master2 ~]# systemctl status keepalived.service
● keepalived.service - LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2021-06-15 10:52:05 CST; 23h ago
 Main PID: 9972 (keepalived)
    Tasks: 3
   Memory: 0B
   CGroup: /system.slice/keepalived.service
           ├─9972 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
           ├─9973 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
           └─9974 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D

Jun 16 10:30:32 master2 Keepalived_vrrp[9974]: VRRP_Instan...
Jun 16 10:30:33 master2 Keepalived_vrrp[9974]: (VI_1): ip ...
Jun 16 10:30:33 master2 Keepalived_vrrp[9974]: bogus VRRP ...
Jun 16 10:30:33 master2 Keepalived_vrrp[9974]: VRRP_Instan...
Jun 16 10:30:34 master2 Keepalived_vrrp[9974]: (VI_1): ip ...
Jun 16 10:30:34 master2 Keepalived_vrrp[9974]: bogus VRRP ...
Jun 16 10:30:34 master2 Keepalived_vrrp[9974]: VRRP_Instan...
Jun 16 10:30:35 master2 Keepalived_vrrp[9974]: (VI_1): ip ...
Jun 16 10:30:35 master2 Keepalived_vrrp[9974]: bogus VRRP ...
Jun 16 10:30:35 master2 Keepalived_vrrp[9974]: VRRP_Instan...
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

查看master1的网卡信息

ip a s ens192

部署haproxy

在master节点
安装haproxy

yum install -y haproxy

配置
两台master节点的配置均相同，配置中声明了后端代理的两个master节点服务器，指定了haproxy运行的端口为16443等，因此16443端口为集群的入口

[root@master1 ~]# cat /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg 
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Global settings
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
global
    # to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will
    # need to:
    # 1) configure syslog to accept network log events.  This is done
    #    by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in
    #    /etc/sysconfig/syslog
    # 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log
    #   file. A line like the following can be added to
    #   /etc/sysconfig/syslog
    #
    #    local2.*                       /var/log/haproxy.log
    #
    log         127.0.0.1 local2
    
    chroot      /var/lib/haproxy
    pidfile     /var/run/haproxy.pid
    maxconn     4000
    user        haproxy
    group       haproxy
    daemon 
       
    # turn on stats unix socket
    stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will
# use if not designated in their block
#---------------------------------------------------------------------  
defaults
    mode                    http
    log                     global
    option                  httplog
    option                  dontlognull
    option http-server-close
    option forwardfor       except 127.0.0.0/8
    option                  redispatch
    retries                 3
    timeout http-request    10s
    timeout queue           1m
    timeout connect         10s
    timeout client          1m
    timeout server          1m
    timeout http-keep-alive 10s
    timeout check           10s
    maxconn                 3000
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# kubernetes apiserver frontend which proxys to the backends
#--------------------------------------------------------------------- 
frontend kubernetes-apiserver
    mode                 tcp
    bind                 *:16443
    option               tcplog
    default_backend      kubernetes-apiserver    
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# round robin balancing between the various backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend kubernetes-apiserver
    mode        tcp
    balance     roundrobin
    server      master01.k8s.io   10.30.59.212:6443 check
    server      master02.k8s.io   10.30.59.221:6443 check
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# collection haproxy statistics message
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
listen stats
    bind                 *:1080
    stats auth           admin:awesomePassword
    stats refresh        5s
    stats realm          HAProxy\ Statistics
    stats uri            /admin?stats

启动和检查
两台master都启动

设置开机启动
systemctl enable haproxy
开启haproxy
systemctl start haproxy
查看启动状态
 systemctl status haproxy

检查端口

[root@master1 ~]# netstat -lntup|grep haproxy
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:1080            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      11783/haproxy       
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:16443           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      11783/haproxy       
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:59833           0.0.0.0:*                           11782/haproxy

所有节点安装Docker/kubeadm/kubelet

安装docker

 wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
 yum -y install docker-ce-18.06.1.ce-3.el7
systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
docker --version
Docker version 18.06.1-ce, build e68fc7a

	[root@master2 ~]#  cat  /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}

添加阿里云YUM软件源

 [root@master2 ~]#  cat  /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo 
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg

安装kubeadm，kubelet和kubectl

yum install -y kubelet-1.16.3 kubeadm-1.16.3 kubectl-1.16.3
 systemctl enable kubelet

部署Kubernetes Master

创建kubeadm配置文件
在master1节点

 mkdir /usr/local/kubernetes/manifests -p

cd /usr/local/kubernetes/manifests/

vi kubeadm-config.yaml
apiServer:
  certSANs:
    - master1
    - master2
    - master.k8s.io
    - 10.30.59.231
    - 10.30.59.212
    - 10.30.59.221
    - 127.0.0.1
  extraArgs:
    authorization-mode: Node,RBAC
  timeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta1
certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
clusterName: kubernetes
controlPlaneEndpoint: "master.k8s.io:16443"
controllerManager: {}
dns: 
  type: CoreDNS
etcd:
  local:    
    dataDir: /var/lib/etcd
imageRepository: registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: v1.16.3
networking: 
  dnsDomain: cluster.local  
  podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16
  serviceSubnet: 10.1.0.0/16
scheduler: {}

执行

kubeadm init --config kubeadm-config.yaml

按照提示配置环境变量，使用kubectl工具：

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
$ kubectl get nodes
$ kubectl get pods -n kube-system

保存备用
kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token u96wvh.rua3gk470xnp5562 \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:ea8960d2a558b3d908ae34b963de087dd76a809fc3b669d343c5613820e58143 \
    --control-plane

查看集群状态

[root@master1 ~]# kubectl get cs
NAME                 AGE
controller-manager   <unknown>
scheduler            <unknown>
etcd-0               <unknown>

安装集群网络

在master1执行

mkdir flannel
cd flannel
wget -c https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

安装flannel 网络并检查

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml 
kubectl get pods -n kube-system

master2节点加入集群
复制密钥以及相关文件，从master1节点复制

# ssh root@10.30.59.221 mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd

# scp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf root@10.30.59.221:/etc/kubernetes
   
# scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/{ca.*,sa.*,front-proxy-ca.*} root@10.30.59.221:/etc/kubernetes/pki
   
# scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.* root@10.30.59.221:/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd

master2加入集群

 kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token u96wvh.rua3gk470xnp5562 \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:ea8960d2a558b3d908ae34b963de087dd76a809fc3b669d343c5613820e58143 \
    --control-plane

检查状态

[root@master2 ~]# kubectl get node 
NAME      STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
master1   Ready    master   15h     v1.16.3
node1     Ready    <none>   2m57s   v1.16.3
[root@master2 ~]#kubectl get pods --all-namespaces

加入Kubernetes Node

在node1上执行

向集群添加新节点，执行在kubeadm init输出的kubeadm join命令：

kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token u96wvh.rua3gk470xnp5562 \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:ea8960d2a558b3d908ae34b963de087dd76a809fc3b669d343c5613820e58143 \
    --control-plane

检查状态

kubectl get node
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces

测试kubernetes集群

在Kubernetes集群中创建一个pod，验证是否正常运行：

 kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
 kubectl get pod,svc

访问地址：http://NodeIP:Port
在这里插入图片描述

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