Netty简单示例----客户端与服务器通信

本例实现功能为客户端获取服务器的时间并显示，参考《Netty权威指南》一书，不过书中使用Netty5实现的，考虑到Netty已经下架5，本例子使用Netty4.1.6版本。
首先服务器端，包括TimeServer、TimeServerHandler两个类：
TimeServer

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;

public class TimeServer {

    public void bind(int port) throws Exception {
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
        try {
            bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024)
                .childHandler(new ChildChannelHandler());
            //绑定端口, 同步等待成功;
            ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.bind(port).sync();
            //等待服务端监听端口关闭
            future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            //优雅关闭 线程组
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }

    private class ChildChannelHandler extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
        @Override
        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
            ch.pipeline().addLast("timeServerHandler",new TimeServerHandler());
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        int port = 443;
        new TimeServer().bind(port);
    }
}

TimeServerHandler

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;

public class TimeServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Object> {

    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg)
            throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Server start read");
        ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;
        byte[] req = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];
        buf.readBytes(req);
        String body = new String(req, "UTF-8");

        System.out.println("The time server receive order : " + body);
        String currentTime = "Query Time Order".equalsIgnoreCase(body) ? new java.util.Date(
                System.currentTimeMillis()).toString() : "Bad Order";
        //异步发送应答消息给客户端: 这里并没有把消息直接写入SocketChannel,而是放入发送缓冲数组中
        ByteBuf resp = Unpooled.copiedBuffer(currentTime.getBytes());
        ctx.write(resp);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        ctx.flush();
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause)
            throws Exception {
        ctx.close();
    }
}

客户端，包括TimeClient和TimeClientHandler两个类：
TimeClient

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;

public class TimeClient {
    public void connect(int port, String host) throws Exception{
        //配置客户端NIO 线程组
        EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        Bootstrap client = new Bootstrap();
        try {
            client.group(group)
                    .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                    .option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true)
                    .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(new TimeClientHandler());
                        }
                    });

            //绑定端口, 异步连接操作
            ChannelFuture future = client.connect(host, port).sync();

            //等待客户端连接端口关闭
            future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            //优雅关闭 线程组
            group.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int port = 443;
        TimeClient client = new TimeClient();
        try {
            client.connect(port, "127.0.0.1");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

TimeClientHandler

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;

public class TimeClientHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter{
    private final ByteBuf firstMSG;

    public TimeClientHandler() {
        byte[] req = "QUERY TIME ORDER".getBytes();
        firstMSG = Unpooled.buffer(req.length);
        firstMSG.writeBytes(req);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        ctx.writeAndFlush(firstMSG);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf)msg;
        byte[] req = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];
        buf.readBytes(req);
        String body = new String(req, "UTF-8");
        System.out.println("NOW is: " + body);

    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        ctx.close();
    }
}

启动顺序，先启动服务端，再启动客户端，然后再服务器和客户端分别达到的输出如下：
服务端：
Server start read
The time server receive order : QUERY TIME ORDER
客户端：
NOW is: Thu Jun 08 11:08:06 CST 2017