实战c++中的vector系列--vector应用之STL的find、find_if、find_end、find_first_of、find_if_not(C++11)

使用vector容器，即避免不了进行查找，所以今天就罗列一些stl的find算法应用于vector中。

find()
Returns an iterator to the first element in the range [first,last) that compares equal to val. If no such element is found, the function returns last.

#include <iostream>     // std::cout
#include <algorithm>    // std::find
#include <vector>       // std::vector

int main () {
  // using std::find with array and pointer:
  int myints[] = { 10, 20, 30, 40 };
  int * p;

  p = std::find (myints, myints+4, 30);
  if (p != myints+4)
    std::cout << "Element found in myints: " << *p << '\n';
  else
    std::cout << "Element not found in myints\n";

  // using std::find with vector and iterator:
  std::vector<int> myvector (myints,myints+4);
  std::vector<int>::iterator it;

  it = find (myvector.begin(), myvector.end(), 30);
  if (it != myvector.end())
    std::cout << "Element found in myvector: " << *it << '\n';
  else
    std::cout << "Element not found in myvector\n";

  return 0;
}
//
30
30

find_end()
Searches the range [first1,last1) for the last occurrence of the sequence defined by [first2,last2), and returns an iterator to its first element, or last1 if no occurrences are found.

#include <iostream>     // std::cout
#include <algorithm>    // std::find_end
#include <vector>       // std::vector

bool myfunction (int i, int j) {
  return (i==j);
}

int main () {
  int myints[] = {
  1,2,3,4,5,1,2,3,4,5};
  std::vector<int> haystack (myints,myints+10);

  int needle1[] = {
  1,2,3};

  // using default comparison:
  std::vector<int>::iterator it;
  it = std::find_end (haystack.begin(), haystack.end(), needle1, needle1+3);

  if (it!=haystack.end())