ASoC(ALSA System on Chip)是ALSA在SoC方面的发展和演变,它在本质上仍然属于ALSA,但是在ALSA架构的基础上对CPU相关的代码和CODEC相关的代码进行了分离。其原因是,采用传统ALSA架构的情况下,同一型号的CODEC工作于不同的CPU时,需要不同的驱动,这不符合代码重用的要求。
ASoC驱动有以下三部分组成:
(1) CODEC驱动:由内核源代码sound/soc/codecs/uda134x.c实现
(2) 平台驱动:由内核源代码sound/soc/s3c24xx/s3c24xx-i2s.c实现CPU端的DAI驱动,由sound/soc/s3c24xx/s3c24xx_pcm.c实现CPU端的DMA驱动
(3) 板驱动:由内核源代码sound/soc/s3c24xx/s3c24xx_uda134x.c实现,它将第一部分和第二部分进行绑定。
在以上三部分之上的是ASoC核心层,由内核源代码中的sound/soc/soc-core.c实现,查看其源代码发现它完全是一个传统的ALSA驱动。
在以上3部分中,1和2基本上都可以仍然是通用的驱动了,也就是说,CODEC驱动认为自己可以连接任意CPU,而CPU的I2S、PCM、或AC’97接口对应的平台驱动则认为自己可以连接任意符合接口类型的CODEC,只有3是不通用的,由特性的电路板上具体的CPU和CODEC确定,因此它很像一个插座,上面插上了CODEC和平台这两个插头。
先来分析上层入口:
static int s3c24xx_uda134x_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
int ret;
printk(KERN_INFO "S3C24XX_UDA134X SoC Audio driver\n");
s3c24xx_uda134x_l3_pins = pdev->dev.platform_data;
if (s3c24xx_uda134x_l3_pins == NULL) {
printk(KERN_ERR "S3C24XX_UDA134X SoC Audio: "
"unable to find platform data\n");
return -ENODEV;
}
s3c24xx_uda134x.power = s3c24xx_uda134x_l3_pins->power;
s3c24xx_uda134x.model = s3c24xx_uda134x_l3_pins->model;
//设置L3总线的接口都为输出
if (s3c24xx_uda134x_setup_pin(s3c24xx_uda134x_l3_pins->l3_data,
"data") < 0)
return -EBUSY;
if (s3c24xx_uda134x_setup_pin(s3c24xx_uda134x_l3_pins->l3_clk,
"clk") < 0) {
gpio_free(s3c24xx_uda134x_l3_pins->l3_data);
return -EBUSY;
}
if (s3c24xx_uda134x_setup_pin(s3c24xx_uda134x_l3_pins->l3_mode,
"mode") < 0) {
gpio_free(s3c24xx_uda134x_l3_pins->l3_data);
gpio_free(s3c24xx_uda134x_l3_pins->l3_clk);
return -EBUSY;
}
s3c24xx_uda134x_snd_device = platform_device_alloc("soc-audio", -1); //分配一个设备,名字为soc-audio,这个名字会匹配这个设备的驱动
if (!s3c24xx_uda134x_snd_device) {
printk(KERN_ERR "S3C24XX_UDA134X SoC Audio: "
"Unable to register\n");
return -ENOMEM;
}
platform_set_drvdata(s3c24xx_uda134x_snd_device,
&s3c24xx_uda134x_snd_devdata); //设置ASoC驱动所需数据
s3c24xx_uda134x_snd_devdata.dev = &s3c24xx_uda134x_snd_device->dev;
ret = platform_device_add(s3c24xx_uda134x_snd_device); //添加一个ASoC设备,将会匹配驱动 soc-audio
if (ret) {
printk(KERN_ERR "S3C24XX_UDA134X SoC Audio: Unable to add\n");
platform_device_put(s3c24xx_uda134x_snd_device);
}
return ret;
}
上面设置好一个设备的数据:s3c24xx_uda134x_snd_devdata
static struct snd_soc_device s3c24xx_uda134x_snd_devdata = {
.card = &snd_soc_s3c24xx_uda134x, //板级= codec(L3) +CPU(IIS,DMA) 操作
.codec_dev = &soc_codec_dev_uda134x, //codec 级
.codec_data = &s3c24xx_uda134x, //codec 实现方法
};
然后添加这个设备,这个设备名:soc-audio,对应内核源代码中的sound/soc/soc-core.c驱动名称:
/* ASoC platform driver */
static struct platform_driver soc_driver = {
.driver = {
.name = "soc-audio",
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.pm = &soc_pm_ops,
},
.probe = soc_probe,
.remove = soc_remove,
};
匹配完后,调用驱动中的probe函数:soc_probe
static int soc_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
int ret = 0;
struct snd_soc_device *socdev = platform_get_drvdata(pdev); //获得设备数据,这个数据就是添加设备的时候设置好的
struct snd_soc_card *card = socdev->card;
/* Bodge while we push things out of socdev */
card->socdev = socdev;
/* Bodge while we unpick instantiation */
card->dev = &pdev->dev;
ret = snd_soc_register_card(card);
if (ret != 0) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "Failed to register card\n");
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
这个函数开始就获得添加设备的时候传进来的数据:
snd_soc_device
然后调用:snd_soc_register_card 函数注册板级,可以知道音频驱动以板级为入口,再ASoC驱动管理CODEC与平台控制。
这个函数会调用snd_soc_instantiate_cards->snd_soc_instantiate_card:
static void snd_soc_instantiate_card(struct snd_soc_card *card)
{
struct platform_device *pdev = container_of(card->dev,
struct platform_device,
dev);
struct snd_soc_codec_device *codec_dev = card->socdev->codec_dev;
struct snd_soc_platform *platform;
struct snd_soc_dai *dai;
int i, found, ret, ac97;
if (card->instantiated)
return;
found = 0;
list_for_each_entry(platform, &platform_list, list)
if (card->platform == platform) {
found = 1;
break;
}
if (!found) {
dev_dbg(card->dev, "Platform %s not registered\n",
card->platform->name);
return;
}
ac97 = 0;
for (i = 0; i < card->num_links; i++) {
found = 0;
list_for_each_entry(dai, &dai_list, list)
if (card->dai_link[i].cpu_dai == dai) {
found = 1;
break;
}
if (!found) {
dev_dbg(card->dev, "DAI %s not registered\n",
card->dai_link[i].cpu_dai->name);
return;
}
if (card->dai_link[i].cpu_dai->ac97_control)
ac97 = 1;
}
for (i = 0; i < card->num_links; i++) {
if (!card->dai_link[i].codec_dai->ops)
card->dai_link[i].codec_dai->ops = &null_dai_ops;
}
/* If we have AC97 in the system then don't wait for the
* codec. This will need revisiting if we have to handle
* systems with mixed AC97 and non-AC97 parts. Only check for
* DAIs currently; we can't do this per link since some AC97
* codecs have non-AC97 DAIs.
*/
if (!ac97)
for (i = 0; i < card->num_links; i++) {
found = 0;
list_for_each_entry(dai, &dai_list, list)
if (card->dai_link[i].codec_dai == dai) {
found = 1;
break;
}
if (!found) {
dev_dbg(card->dev, "DAI %s not registered\n",
card->dai_link[i].codec_dai->name);
return;
}
}
/* Note that we do not current check for codec components */
dev_dbg(card->dev, "All components present, instantiating\n");
/* Found everything, bring it up */
if (card->probe) {
ret = card->probe(pdev); // 1 执行板级安装
if (ret < 0)
return;
}
for (i = 0; i < card->num_links; i++) {
struct snd_soc_dai *cpu_dai = card->dai_link[i].cpu_dai;
if (cpu_dai->probe) {
ret = cpu_dai->probe(pdev, cpu_dai); // 2 执行CPU dai安装
if (ret < 0)
goto cpu_dai_err;
}
}
if (codec_dev->probe) {
ret = codec_dev->probe(pdev); // 3 执行codec级安装
if (ret < 0)
goto cpu_dai_err;
}
if (platform->probe) {
ret = platform->probe(pdev); // 4 执行平台级安装
if (ret < 0)
goto platform_err;
}
/* DAPM stream work */
INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&card->delayed_work, close_delayed_work);
#ifdef CONFIG_PM
/* deferred resume work */
INIT_WORK(&card->deferred_resume_work, soc_resume_deferred);
#endif
card->instantiated = 1;
return;
platform_err:
if (codec_dev->remove)
codec_dev->remove(pdev);
cpu_dai_err:
for (i--; i >= 0; i--) {
struct snd_soc_dai *cpu_dai = card->dai_link[i].cpu_dai;
if (cpu_dai->remove)
cpu_dai->remove(pdev, cpu_dai);
}
if (card->remove)
card->remove(pdev);
}
这个函数调用各个部分的probe函数执行。到这里就交给ASoC核心处理了。这些probe处理,都是通过之前添加设备的时候传进来的
snd_soc_device数据:
/* SoC Device - the audio subsystem */
struct snd_soc_device {
struct device *dev;
struct snd_soc_card *card;
struct snd_soc_codec_device *codec_dev;
void *codec_data;
};
所以我们的驱动工作就主要是完成这个数据结构。
这个结构体是对ASoC设备的整体封装,包括了:
1 板级用的snd_soc_card
2 CODEC用的snd_soc_codec_device
3 codec_data(平台给CODEC用的数据)
看下具体设置:
1 snd_coc_card
static struct snd_soc_card snd_soc_s3c24xx_uda134x = {
.name = "S3C24XX_UDA134X",
.platform = &s3c24xx_soc_platform, //CPU的DMA操作音频数据在IIS的传送
.dai_link = &s3c24xx_uda134x_dai_link, //CPU与CODEC DAI集合
.num_links = 1,
};
struct snd_soc_platform s3c24xx_soc_platform = {
.name = "s3c24xx-audio",
.pcm_ops = &s3c24xx_pcm_ops, //DMA操作
.pcm_new = s3c24xx_pcm_new, //分配DMA内存
.pcm_free = s3c24xx_pcm_free_dma_buffers, //释放DMA内存
};
static struct snd_soc_dai_link s3c24xx_uda134x_dai_link = {
.name = "UDA134X",
.stream_name = "UDA134X",
.codec_dai = &uda134x_dai, //DODEC DAI ---- uda134x 的L3总线控制操作(决定L3发什么)
.cpu_dai = &s3c24xx_i2s_dai, //CPU DAI -----CPU 的IIS总线配置
.ops = &s3c24xx_uda134x_ops,
};
1.1 DODEC DAI :
struct snd_soc_dai uda134x_dai = {
.name = "UDA134X",
/* playback capabilities */
.playback = {
.stream_name = "Playback",
.channels_min = 1,
.channels_max = 2,
.rates = UDA134X_RATES,
.formats = UDA134X_FORMATS,
},
/* capture capabilities */
.capture = {
.stream_name = "Capture",
.channels_min = 1,
.channels_max = 2,
.rates = UDA134X_RATES,
.formats = UDA134X_FORMATS,
},
/* pcm operations */
.ops = &uda134x_dai_ops,
};
1.1.1 对于DODEC L3的操作集uda134x_dai_ops:
static struct snd_soc_dai_ops uda134x_dai_ops = {
.startup = uda134x_startup,
.shutdown = uda134x_shutdown,
.hw_params = uda134x_hw_params,
.digital_mute = uda134x_mute,
.set_sysclk = uda134x_set_dai_sysclk,
.set_fmt = uda134x_set_dai_fmt,
};
1.2 CPU DAI :
struct snd_soc_dai s3c24xx_i2s_dai = {
.name = "s3c24xx-i2s",
.id = 0,
.probe = s3c24xx_i2s_probe, //完成CPU上I2S接口的初始化
.suspend = s3c24xx_i2s_suspend,
.resume = s3c24xx_i2s_resume,
.playback = {
.channels_min = 2,
.channels_max = 2,
.rates = S3C24XX_I2S_RATES,
.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,},
.capture = {
.channels_min = 2,
.channels_max = 2,
.rates = S3C24XX_I2S_RATES,
.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,},
.ops = &s3c24xx_i2s_dai_ops,
};
1.2.1 对于CPU IIS 的操作集s3c24xx_i2s_dai_ops:
static struct snd_soc_dai_ops s3c24xx_i2s_dai_ops = {
.trigger = s3c24xx_i2s_trigger,
.hw_params = s3c24xx_i2s_hw_params,
.set_fmt = s3c24xx_i2s_set_fmt,
.set_clkdiv = s3c24xx_i2s_set_clkdiv,
.set_sysclk = s3c24xx_i2s_set_sysclk,
};
2 snd_soc_codec_device
struct snd_soc_codec_device soc_codec_dev_uda134x = {
.probe = uda134x_soc_probe, //初始化复位uda1341,装载指令操作结构uda1341_snd_controls
.remove = uda134x_soc_remove,
.suspend = uda134x_soc_suspend,
.resume = uda134x_soc_resume,
};
3
codec_data
static struct uda134x_platform_data s3c24xx_uda134x = {
.l3 = {
.setdat = setdat, //设置数据线电平
.setclk = setclk, //设置CLK电平
.setmode = setmode, //设置MODE电平
.data_hold = 1,
.data_setup = 1,
.clock_high = 1,
.mode_hold = 1,
.mode = 1,
.mode_setup = 1,
},
};
这个结构体设置L3总线的发送数据方法。
综合以上,我们的工作就是完成snd_soc_device这个结构体,然后注册一个名为soc-audio的设备。内核一般都已经实现好了声卡驱动和平台驱动,我们只要修改声卡的控制口L3就可以了。
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
测试:
1. 确定内核里已经配置了sound\soc\s3c24xx\s3c2410-uda1341.c
-> Device Drivers
-> Sound
-> Advanced Linux Sound Architecture
-> Advanced Linux Sound Architecture
-> System on Chip audio support
<*> I2S of the Samsung S3C24XX chips
2. make uImage
使用新内核启动
3. ls -l /dev/dsp /dev/mixer
4. 播放:
在WINDOWS PC里找一个wav文件,放到开发板根文件系统里
cat Windows.wav > /dev/dsp
5. 录音:
cat /dev/dsp > sound.bin
然后对着麦克风说话
ctrl+c退出
cat sound.bin > /dev/dsp // 就可以听到录下的声音
使用madplay测试声卡:
1. 解压:
tar xzf libid3tag-0.15.1b.tar.gz // 库
tar xzf libmad-0.15.1b.tar.gz // 库
tar xzf madplay-0.15.2b.tar.gz // APP
2. 编译 libid3tag-0.15.1b
mkdir tmp
cd libid3tag-0.15.1b
./configure --host=arm-linux --prefix=/work/drivers_and_test/21th_sound/app/tmp
make
make install
3. 编译 libmad-0.15.1b
cd libmad-0.15.1b
./configure --host=arm-linux --prefix=/work/drivers_and_test/21th_sound/app/tmp
make
make install
4. 编译madplay
cd madplay-0.15.2b/
./configure --host=arm-linux --prefix=/work/drivers_and_test/21th_sound/app/tmp LDFLAGS="-L/work/drivers_and_test/21th_sound/app/tmp/lib" CFLAGS="-I /work/drivers_and_test/21th_sound/app/tmp/include"
make
make install
5. 把tmp/bin/* tmp/lib/*so* 复制到根文件系统:
6. 把一个mp3文件复制到根文件系统
7. madplay --tty-control /1.mp3
播放过程中不断按小键盘的减号("-")会降低音量
不断按小键盘的加号("+")会降低音量