C++ Primer Plus 学习笔记 第四章 04编程练习

1.
#include<iostream>

int main()
{
    using namespace std;

    cout<<"What is your first name? ";
    char firstname[20];
    cin.getline(firstname,20);
    cout<<"What is your last name? ";
    char lastname[20];
    cin.getline(lastname,20);
    char grade;
    cout<<"What letter grade do you deserve? ";
    cin>>grade;
    int age;
    cout<<"What is your age? ";
    cin>>age;

    cout<<"Name: "<<lastname<<", "<<firstname<<endl;
    cout<<"Grade: "<<(char)(grade+1)<<endl;//向下调整成绩，如果强制转换类型，输出会变成67
    cout<<"Age: "<<age<<endl;
    return 0;
}
2.
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    //const int ArSize = 20;
    string name;//char name[ArSize];
    string dessert;//char dessert[ArSize];

    cout << "Enter your name:\n";
    getline(cin,name);
    //cin.getline(name,ArSize);
    cout << "Enter your favorite dessert:\n";
    getline(cin,dessert);
    //cin.getline(dessert,ArSize);
    cout <<"I have some delicious "<<dessert;
    cout <<"for you, "<<name<<endl;
    return 0;
}
3.
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>

int main()
{
    using namespace std;

    cout<<"Enter your first name: ";
    char firstname[20];
    cin>>firstname;
    cout<<"Enter your last name: ";
    char lastname[20];
    cin>>lastname;
    char name[40];
    char a[]=", ";
    strcpy(name,lastname);
    strcat(name,a);
    strcat(name,firstname);


    cout<<"Here's the information in a single string："<<name<<endl;
    return 0;
}
4.
#include<iostream>
#include<string>

int main()
{
    using namespace std;

    cout<<"Enter your first name: ";
    string firstname;
    cin>>firstname;
    cout<<"Enter your last name: ";
    string lastname;
    cin>>lastname;
    string name;
    string a=", ";
    name = lastname + a + firstname;


    cout<<"Here's the information in a single string："<<name<<endl;
    return 0;
}
5.
#include<iostream>
struct CandyBar
{
    char kind[20];
    float weight;
    int kaluli;
};

int main()
{
    using namespace std;
    CandyBar snack =
    {
        "Mocha Munch",
        2.3,
        350
    };
    cout<<"糖块的品牌为："<<snack.kind<<endl;
    cout<<"糖块的重量为："<<snack.weight<<endl;
    cout<<"糖块的卡路里含量为："<<snack.kaluli<<endl;
    return 0;
}
6.
#include<iostream>
struct CandyBar
{
    char kind[20];
    float weight;
    int kaluli;
};

int main()
{
    using namespace std;

    CandyBar shuzu[3] =
    {
        {"Bambi",0.5,3},
        {"Bambi",0.5,3},
        {"Bambi",0.5,3}
    };

    cout<<shuzu[0].kind<<" "<<shuzu[0].weight<<" "<<shuzu[0].kaluli<<endl;
    cout<<shuzu[1].kind<<" "<<shuzu[1].weight<<" "<<shuzu[1].kaluli<<endl;
    cout<<shuzu[2].kind<<" "<<shuzu[2].weight<<" "<<shuzu[2].kaluli<<endl;

    return 0;
}
7.
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<string>
struct Piza
{
    char name[20];//公司名称
    double zhijing;//直径
    float weight;//重量
};

int main()
{
    using namespace std;

    Piza piza;
    cout<<"请输入公司名称";
    cin.getline(piza.name,20);
    cout<<"请输入披萨的直径";
    cin>>piza.zhijing;
    cout<<"请输入披萨的重量";
    cin>>piza.weight;

    cout<<"公司名称："<<piza.name<<endl;
    cout<<"直径："<<piza.zhijing<<endl;
    cout<<"重量："<<piza.weight<<endl;
    return 0;
}
8.
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<string>
struct Piza
{
    char name[20];//公司名称
    double zhijing;//直径
    float weight;//重量
};

int main()
{
    using namespace std;

    Piza * piza = new Piza;//使用new为结构体分配内存。

    cout<<"请输入披萨的直径";
    cin>>piza->zhijing;
    cin.get();
    /*cin读取数字时，将回车键生成的换行符留在了队列中，再使用cin.getline(),将会认为是空行，使用cin.get()解决。*/
    cout<<"请输入公司名称";
    cin.getline(piza->name,20);
    cout<<"请输入披萨的重量";
    cin>>piza->weight;

    cout<<"公司名称："<<piza->name<<endl;
    cout<<"直径："<<piza->zhijing<<endl;
    cout<<"重量："<<piza->weight<<endl;
    return 0;
}
9.
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
//如果要在main函数外面使用string，把名称空间放在mian函数外面
struct CandyBar
{
    string kind;
    float weight;
    int kaluli;
};

int main()
{

     CandyBar * shuzu = new CandyBar [3];
     shuzu[0].kind="Bambi";//如果结构体中kind的类型为char数组，这里会报错const char和char
     shuzu->weight=3.3;
     shuzu->kaluli=55;

    cout<<shuzu[0].kind<<" "<<shuzu[0].weight<<" "<<shuzu[0].kaluli<<endl;
    return 0;
}
10.
#include<iostream>
int main()
{
    using namespace std;

    //array<double,3> arr;不能用array
    double arr[3];
    cout<<"请输入第一次40米跑的成绩(s):";
    cin>>arr[0];
    cout<<"请输入第二次40米跑的成绩(s):";
    cin>>arr[1];
    cout<<"请输入第三次40米跑的成绩(s):";
    cin>>arr[2];

    double anunal=(arr[1]+arr[2]+arr[3])/3;
    cout<<"平均成绩为："<<anunal<<endl;
    return 0;
}