linux 启动时“smartd”总是失败？

smartd是一个守护进程（一个帮助程序），它能监视拥有自我监视，分析和汇报技术(Self-Monitoring,
Analysis, and Reporting Technology - SMART)的硬盘。
SMART系统使得硬盘能监视并汇报自己的运行状况。它的一个重要特性是能够预测失败，使得系统管理员
能避免数据丢失。
smartd由kernel-utils包缺省安装。用命令 rpm -ql kernel-utils 可以列出kernel-utils包中的文件。
smartd守护进程通常在系统启动的时候被开启，它的配置文件是/etc/smartd.conf。
比如，假设有两个硬盘被安装，/dev/hda和/dev/hdb。一个是CD_ROM设备，另一个是硬盘。为了检测它们
是否支持SMART，使用命令 smartctl -i /dev/hda 和 smartctl -i /dev/hdb：

# /usr/sbin/smartctl -i /dev/hda
smartctl version 5.1-11 Copyright (C) 2002-3 Bruce Allen
Home page is
http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model:     ST380011A
Serial Number:    3JVB672N
Firmware Version: 8.01
Device is:        Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is:   6
ATA Standard is:  ATA/ATAPI-6 T13 1410D revision 2
Local Time is:    Fri Aug 20 14:09:16 2004 EST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
”SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.“这行说明支持SMART。"SMART
support is: Enabled”这行说明SMART已经被打开。
CD-ROM设备和旧式的硬盘不支持SMART，这可以从smartctl -i /dev/hdb的输出看出：
# /usr/sbin/smartctl -i /dev/hdb
smartctl version 5.1-11 Copyright (C) 2002-3 Bruce Allen
Home page is
http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model:     LTN526D
Serial Number:    [No Information Found]
Firmware Version: 9S03
Device is:        Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is:   1
ATA Standard is:  Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated
Local Time is:    Fri Aug 20 14:24:43 2004 EST
SMART is only available in ATA Version 3 Revision 3 or greater.
We will try to proceed in spite of this.
SMART support is: Unavailable - device lacks SMART capability.
A mandatory SMART command has failed: exiting. To continue, use the -T
option to set the tolerance level to 'permissive'
注意有些硬盘控制器不支持SMART。比如有些硬件RAID控制器不支持，或者不会传递SMART信息，即使加入
的硬盘支持SMART。
可以修改/etc/smartctl.conf文件，使得smartd只监视你想监视的设备。假设只有/dev/hda需要被监视，
在该设备上如果有警告信息发生，需要把它发给根用户，那么/etc/smartd.conf需要这样修改：

# /etc/smartd.conf
# Sample configuration file for smartd.  See man 5 smartd.conf.
# Home page is:
http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
...
# A very silent check.  Only report SMART health status if it fails
# But send an email in this case
/dev/hda -a -m
root@localhost.localdomain
...
编辑完/etc/smartd.conf，重启该守护进程：

# /sbin/service smartd restart
Shutting down smartd:                                      [FAILED]
Starting smartd:                                           [  OK  ]
要设置smartd在系统启动时候被激活，在根用户下用 chkconfig smartd on 命令。

关闭smartd服务自动启动
root LINUX smartd  is a daemon that monitors the Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting
Technology (SMART) system built
      into many ATA-3 and later ATA, IDE and SCSI-3 hard drives. The purpose of SMART is to
monitor the reliability
      of  the  hard  drive  and predict drive failures, and to carry out different types of
drive self-tests.  This
      version of smartd is compatible with ATA/ATAPI-7 and earlier standards
简单地说，smartd是监控硬盘的可靠性并预测其失败、进行测试的守护进程！详细的可以man里去查看！

＃chkconfig smartd off
这是关闭smartd服务自动启动，机器重新启动时smartd不再运行！