Cloudinit Cloud config examples部分参数解释

 

一、用户和用户组

# Add groups to the system
# The following example adds the ubuntu group with members foo and bar and
# the group cloud-users.
groups:
- ubuntu: [foo,bar]
- cloud-users

# Add users to the system. Users are added after groups are added.
users:
- default
- name: foobar
gecos: Foo B. Bar
primary-group: foobar
groups: users
selinux-user: staff_u
expiredate: 2012-09-01
ssh-import-id: foobar
lock_passwd: false
passwd: $6$j212wezy$7H/1LT4f9/N3wpgNunhsIqtMj62OKiS3nyNwuizouQc3u7MbYCarYeAHWYPYb2FT.lbioDm2RrkJPb9BZMN1O/
- name: barfoo
gecos: Bar B. Foo
sudo: ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
groups: users, admin
ssh-import-id: None
lock_passwd: true
ssh-authorized-keys:
- <ssh pub key 1>
- <ssh pub key 2>
- name: cloudy
gecos: Magic Cloud App Daemon User
inactive: true
system: true

# Valid Values:
# name: The user's login name
# gecos: The user name's real name, i.e. "Bob B. Smith"
# homedir: Optional. Set to the local path you want to use. Defaults to
# /home/<username>
# primary-group: define the primary group. Defaults to a new group created
# named after the user.
# groups: Optional. Additional groups to add the user to. Defaults to none
# selinux-user: Optional. The SELinux user for the user's login, such as
# "staff_u". When this is omitted the system will select the default
# SELinux user.
# lock_passwd: Defaults to true. Lock the password to disable password login
# inactive: Create the user as inactive
# passwd: The hash -- not the password itself -- of the password you want
# to use for this user. You can generate a safe hash via:
# mkpasswd --method=SHA-512 --rounds=4096
# (the above command would create from stdin an SHA-512 password hash
# with 4096 salt rounds)
#
# Please note: while the use of a hashed password is better than
# plain text, the use of this feature is not ideal. Also,
# using a high number of salting rounds will help, but it should
# not be relied upon.
#
# To highlight this risk, running John the Ripper against the
# example hash above, with a readily available wordlist, revealed
# the true password in 12 seconds on a i7-2620QM.
#
# In other words, this feature is a potential security risk and is
# provided for your convenience only. If you do not fully trust the
# medium over which your cloud-config will be transmitted, then you
# should use SSH authentication only.
#
# You have thus been warned.
# no-create-home: When set to true, do not create home directory.
# no-user-group: When set to true, do not create a group named after the user.
# no-log-init: When set to true, do not initialize lastlog and faillog database.
# ssh-import-id: Optional. Import SSH ids
# ssh-authorized-keys: Optional. [list] Add keys to user's authorized keys file
# sudo: Defaults to none. Set to the sudo string you want to use, i.e.
# ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL. To add multiple rules, use the following
# format.
# sudo:
# - ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:/bin/mysql
# - ALL=(ALL) ALL
# Note: Please double check your syntax and make sure it is valid.
# cloud-init does not parse/check the syntax of the sudo
# directive.
# system: Create the user as a system user. This means no home directory.
#

# Default user creation:
#
# Unless you define users, you will get a 'ubuntu' user on ubuntu systems with the
# legacy permission (no password sudo, locked user, etc). If however, you want
# to have the 'ubuntu' user in addition to other users, you need to instruct
# cloud-init that you also want the default user. To do this use the following
# syntax:
# users:
# - default
# - bob
# - ....
# foobar: ...
#
# users[0] (the first user in users) overrides the user directive.
#
# The 'default' user above references the distro's config:
# system_info:
# default_user:
# name: Ubuntu
# plain_text_passwd: 'ubuntu'
# home: /home/ubuntu
# shell: /bin/bash
# lock_passwd: True
# gecos: Ubuntu
# groups: [adm, audio, cdrom, dialout, floppy, video, plugdev, dip, netdev]

 

name：用户名

gecos：用户真实姓名

lock_passwd：默认true，锁定之后不能用密码登陆

inactive：true，此用户不活跃

passwd：密码，可以哈希加密，有风险。运行John和Ripper，密码重现12秒

 

#cloud-config
# vim: syntax=yaml
#
# This is the configuration syntax that the write_files module
# will know how to understand. encoding can be given b64 or gzip or (gz+b64).
# The content will be decoded accordingly and then written to the path that is
# provided. 
#
# Note: Content strings here are truncated for example purposes.
write_files:
- encoding: b64
content: CiMgVGhpcyBmaWxlIGNvbnRyb2xzIHRoZSBzdGF0ZSBvZiBTRUxpbnV4...
owner: root:root
path: /etc/sysconfig/selinux
permissions: '0644'
- content: |
# My new