Java中 对象克隆实例

import java.util.*;

public class CloneTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        try {
            Employee original = new Employee("John Q,publi c", 5000);
            original.setHireDay(2000, 1, 1);
            Employee copy = original.clone();
            copy.raiseSalary(10);
            copy.setHireDay(2002, 12, 31);
            System.out.println("original=" + original);
            System.out.println("copy+" + copy);
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
//Cloneable 仅作为 clone 接口的标记，表明类设计者知道要进行克隆处理
//标记接口
class Employee implements Cloneable{
    public Employee(String n, double s) {
        name = n;
        salary = s;
        hireDay = new Date();
    }

    public Employee clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        //使用Object.clone方法时如果对象中的所有数据域都属于数值类型和基本类型，则所有拷贝没问题
        //但如果在对象中包含了子对象的引用，拷贝结果会使得两个域引用同一个子对象，因此原始对象和克隆对象共享这些信息
        Employee cloned = (Employee) super.clone();
        //为了实现深拷贝，鼻血克隆所有肯变的实例域
        cloned.hireDay = (Date) hireDay.clone();

        return cloned;
    }

    public void setHireDay(int year, int month, int day) {
        Date newHireDay = new GregorianCalendar(year, month - 1, day).getTime();

        hireDay.setTime(newHireDay.getTime());

    }

    public void raiseSalary(double byPercent) {
        double raise = salary * byPercent / 100;
        salary += raise;
    }

    public String toString() {
        return "Employee[name=" + name + ",salary=" + salary + ",hireDay=" + hireDay + "]";
    }

    private String name;
    private double salary;
    private Date hireDay;
}

public interface Cloneable此类实现了 Cloneable 接口，以指示 Object.clone() 方法可以合法地对该类实例进行按字段复制。

如果在没有实现 Cloneable 接口的实例上调用 Object 的 clone 方法，则会导致抛出 CloneNotSupportedException 异常