netty学习记录

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-11 17:04:33 发布

wangzhixao

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-11 17:04:33 发布

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文章标签：学习 java spring boot netty

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wangzhixao/article/details/123180615

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使用netty实现客户端和服务端的通信

记录学习netty的简单代码
1.新建springboot项目,可访问https://spring.io/创建下载项目
2.导入开发工具,并添加netty jar包

        <dependency>
			<groupId>io.netty</groupId>
			<artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
		</dependency>

3.编写服务端类

package com.example.study.netty;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;

@Component
public class Server {

	private ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();

	private EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

	private EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

	private ChannelFuture cf;

	@PostConstruct
	private void init() {

		new Thread(new Runnable() {

			@Override
			public void run() {
				System.err.println("start thread");
				try {
					runServer();
				} catch (Exception e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}).start();
	}

	private void runServer() {
		try {
			serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup);
			serverBootstrap.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class).childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
				@Override
				protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
					ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
					pipeline.addLast(new ServerHandler());
				}
			});
			cf = serverBootstrap.bind(10088).sync();
			cf.channel().closeFuture().sync();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
			bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
		}
	}

}

编写服务端处理类ServerHandler需继承ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter

package com.example.study.netty;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;

public class ServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {


	@Override
	public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
		// 连接时执行此方法
		System.err.println("开始执行channelActive.......");
	}

	@Override
	public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
		// 连接关闭时执行此方法
		System.err.println("开始执行channelInactive.......");
	}

	@Override
	public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
		// do something msg
		InetSocketAddress insocket = (InetSocketAddress) ctx.channel().remoteAddress();
		String clientIp = insocket.getAddress().getHostAddress();
		Integer port = insocket.getPort();
		ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;
		byte[] data = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];
		buf.readBytes(data);
		String request = new String(data, "utf-8");
		System.out.println("Server: " + request + "--" + clientIp + ":" + port);
		// 写给客户端
		String response = "我是反馈的信息";
		ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("888".getBytes()));

	}

	@Override
	public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
		System.err.println("开始执行channelReadComplete.......");
	}

	@Override
	public void channelRegistered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.channelRegistered(ctx);
	}

	@Override
	public void channelUnregistered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.channelUnregistered(ctx);
	}

	@Override
	public void userEventTriggered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object evt) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.userEventTriggered(ctx, evt);
	}

	@Override
	public void channelWritabilityChanged(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.channelWritabilityChanged(ctx);
	}

	@Override
	public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.exceptionCaught(ctx, cause);
	}

}

启动项目即可开始netty服务端对10088端口进行监控
4.编写客户端类

public class Client {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
		try {


			Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();

			bootstrap.group(workerGroup).channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
					.handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {

						@Override
						protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
							ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
							pipeline.addLast(new ClientHandler());

						}
					});

			ChannelFuture cFuture = bootstrap.connect("127.0.0.1", 10088).sync();
			cFuture.channel().writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("123".getBytes()));
			cFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
		}
	}
}

编写客户端处理类ClientHandler需继承ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter

package com.example.study.netty;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultFullHttpResponse;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.FullHttpResponse;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaderNames;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequest;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
import io.netty.util.ReferenceCountUtil;


public class ClientHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {

	@Override
	public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
		// 获取channel
		InetSocketAddress insocket = (InetSocketAddress) ctx.channel().remoteAddress();
		String clientIp = insocket.getAddress().getHostAddress();
		Integer port = insocket.getPort();
        Channel channel = ctx.channel();
			// 获取客户端传输过来的消息
			try {
				ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;
				byte[] data = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];
				buf.readBytes(data);
				System.out.println("Client：" + new String(data).trim());
				// 向服务器写数据
				ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("555".getBytes()));
			} finally {
				ReferenceCountUtil.release(msg);
			}
	}

	@Override
	public void channelRegistered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.channelRegistered(ctx);
	}

	@Override
	public void channelUnregistered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.channelUnregistered(ctx);
	}

	@Override
	public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.channelActive(ctx);
	}

	@Override
	public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.channelInactive(ctx);
	}

	@Override
	public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.channelReadComplete(ctx);
	}

	@Override
	public void userEventTriggered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object evt) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.userEventTriggered(ctx, evt);
	}

	@Override
	public void channelWritabilityChanged(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.channelWritabilityChanged(ctx);
	}

	@Override
	public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.exceptionCaught(ctx, cause);
	}

	@Override
	public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.handlerAdded(ctx);
	}

	@Override
	public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.handlerRemoved(ctx);
	}
}

运行client中main方法,即可实现通信