android 登录Javaeye(使用HttpURLConnection和HttpClient)

之前在网上看过好多人用java写登录网站，这次正好学习android，自己写实习一个，就拿经常登录的javaeye(现在叫iteye，已经是csdn的了)试一下。

先来分析javaeye登录界面

查看源文件

view plain

1. <formaction="/login"id="login_form"method="post"><tableborder="0"cellspacing="0"cellpadding="0"class="table_1">
2. <colgroup><colwidth="60"/><col/></colgroup>
3. <tr>
4. <th>账号</th>
5. <td>
6. <inputclass="input_1required"id="user_name"name="name"placeholder="用户名或邮箱"tabindex="1"type="text"value=""/>
7. </td>
8. </tr>
9. <tr>
10. <th>密码</th>
11. <td>
12. <inputclass="input_1required"id="password"name="password"tabindex="2"type="password"value=""/></td>
13. </tr>
14. <tr>
15. <th></th>
16. <td>
17. <inputid="auto"name="remember_me"tabindex="3"type="checkbox"value="1"/>
18. <labelfor="auto">下次自动登录</label>
19. <ahref="/users/forget">忘记密码？</a>
20. </td>
21. </tr>
22. <tr>
23. <th></th>
24. <td><inputtype="submit"name="button"id="button"value="登　录"class="btn_1submit"tabindex="4"/></td>
25. </tr>
26. </table>
27. </form>

可以分析出post地址为http://www.iteye.com/login，账号是name、密码是password。

登录以后，使用chrome的开发人员工具（其他浏览器也有相关工具，我就不一一说了）拦截获取响应消息

可以看出返回的是302地址重定向

还需要注意的是每次提交时，不能遗漏的cookie即seesion_id ，javaeye用的是_javaeye3_session

接下来是我做的android的例子，使用webview控件，它只负责内容展现，请求响应我分别使用了HttpURLConnection和HttpClient。

不说了，上代码：

主布局main.xml代码如下：

view plain

1. <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?>
2. <RelativeLayoutxmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
3. android:id="@+id/RelativeLayout1"
4. android:layout_width="fill_parent"
5. android:layout_height="fill_parent"
6. android:orientation="vertical">
8. <TextView
9. android:id="@+id/textViewInfo"
10. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
11. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
12. android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
13. android:layout_alignParentTop="true"/>
15. <WebView
16. android:id="@+id/webViewInfo"
17. android:layout_width="match_parent"
18. android:layout_height="260dp"
19. android:layout_below="@+id/textViewInfo"
20. android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
21. android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"/>
23. <LinearLayout
24. android:id="@+id/linearLayout2"
25. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
26. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
27. android:layout_above="@+id/linearLayout1"
28. android:layout_alignParentLeft="true">
29. <TextView
30. android:id="@+id/textView2"
31. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
32. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
33. android:text="使用Java"/>
35. <Button
36. android:id="@+id/buttonJavaLogin"
37. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
38. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
39. android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/textView2"
40. android:text="登录ITeye"/>
42. <Button
43. android:id="@+id/buttonJavaMyMessage"
44. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
45. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
46. android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/buttonJavaLogin"
47. android:text="ITeye收件箱"/>
48. </LinearLayout>
50. <LinearLayout
51. android:id="@+id/linearLayout1"
52. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
53. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
54. android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
55. android:layout_alignParentLeft="true">
56. <TextView
57. android:id="@+id/textView1"
58. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
59. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
60. android:text="使用Apache"/>
62. <Button
63. android:id="@+id/buttonApacheLogin"
64. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
65. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
66. android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/textView1"
67. android:text="登录ITeye"/>
69. <Button
70. android:id="@+id/buttonApacheMyMessage"
71. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
72. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
73. android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/buttonApacheLogin"
74. android:text="ITeye收件箱"/>
75. </LinearLayout>
77. </RelativeLayout>

登录对话框布局login.xml代码如下：

view plain

1. <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?>
2. <LinearLayoutxmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
3. android:layout_width="match_parent"
4. android:layout_height="match_parent"
5. android:orientation="vertical">
7. <LinearLayout
8. android:id="@+id/linearLayout1"
9. android:layout_width="match_parent"
10. android:layout_height="wrap_content">
12. <TextView
13. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
14. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
15. android:text="账号:"/>
17. <EditText
18. android:id="@+id/editTextUsername"
19. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
20. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
21. android:layout_weight="1"/>
23. </LinearLayout>
25. <LinearLayout
26. android:id="@+id/linearLayout2"
27. android:layout_width="match_parent"
28. android:layout_height="wrap_content">
30. <TextView
31. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
32. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
33. android:text="密码:"/>
35. <EditText
36. android:id="@+id/exitTextPassword"
37. android:layout_width="wrap_content"
38. android:layout_height="wrap_content"
39. android:layout_weight="1"
40. android:inputType="textPassword"/>
42. </LinearLayout>
44. </LinearLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml不要忘了加如下代码：

view plain

1. <uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

主程序代码如下：

view plain

1. packagecom.zhang.test08_16;
3. importjava.io.BufferedInputStream;
4. importjava.io.BufferedOutputStream;
5. importjava.io.BufferedReader;
6. importjava.io.IOException;
7. importjava.io.InputStream;
8. importjava.io.InputStreamReader;
9. importjava.io.OutputStream;
10. importjava.io.OutputStreamWriter;
11. importjava.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
12. importjava.io.Writer;
13. importjava.net.HttpURLConnection;
14. importjava.net.MalformedURLException;
15. importjava.net.ProtocolException;
16. importjava.net.URL;
17. importjava.util.ArrayList;
18. importjava.util.List;
20. importorg.apache.http.HttpEntity;
21. importorg.apache.http.HttpResponse;
22. importorg.apache.http.HttpStatus;
23. importorg.apache.http.NameValuePair;
24. importorg.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
25. importorg.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
26. importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
27. importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
28. importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
29. importorg.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
30. importorg.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
31. importorg.apache.http.params.CoreProtocolPNames;
32. importorg.apache.http.params.HttpParams;
33. importorg.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
34. importorg.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
36. importandroid.app.Activity;
37. importandroid.app.AlertDialog;
38. importandroid.content.DialogInterface;
39. importandroid.os.Bundle;
40. importandroid.view.LayoutInflater;
41. importandroid.view.View;
42. importandroid.webkit.WebView;
43. importandroid.widget.Button;
44. importandroid.widget.EditText;
45. importandroid.widget.TextView;
47. publicclassTest08_16ActivityextendsActivity{
49. privateTextViewtextViewInfo;
50. privateWebViewwebViewInfo;
51. privateButtonbuttonJavaLogin;
52. privateButtonbuttonJavaMyMessage;
53. privateButtonbuttonApaceLogin;
54. privateButtonbuttonApacheMyMessage;
56. privateViewloginView;
57. privateAlertDialogloginDialog;
58. privateEditTexteditTextUserName;
59. privateEditTexteditTextPassword;
61. privateStringclientType;
62. privateDefaultHttpClientclient;
63. privateStringcookie;
65. privatestaticfinalStringLOGIN_URL="http://www.iteye.com/login";
66. privatestaticfinalStringMESSAGE_URL="http://app.iteye.com/messages";
68. @Override
69. publicvoidonCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){
70. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
71. setContentView(R.layout.main);
73. textViewInfo=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textViewInfo);
74. webViewInfo=(WebView)findViewById(R.id.webViewInfo);
75. buttonJavaLogin=(Button)findViewById(R.id.buttonJavaLogin);
76. buttonJavaMyMessage=(Button)findViewById(R.id.buttonJavaMyMessage);
77. buttonApaceLogin=(Button)findViewById(R.id.buttonApacheLogin);
78. buttonApacheMyMessage=(Button)findViewById(R.id.buttonApacheMyMessage);
80. LayoutInflaterinflater=LayoutInflater.from(this);
81. loginView=inflater.inflate(R.layout.login,null);
82. editTextUserName=(EditText)loginView.findViewById(R.id.editTextUsername);
83. editTextPassword=(EditText)loginView.findViewById(R.id.exitTextPassword);
84. loginDialog=getLoginDialog();
86. buttonJavaLogin.setOnClickListener(newView.OnClickListener(){
88. @Override
89. publicvoidonClick(Viewv){
90. clientType="java";
91. loginDialog.show();
92. }
93. });
94. buttonJavaMyMessage.setOnClickListener(newView.OnClickListener(){
96. @Override
97. publicvoidonClick(Viewv){
98. showMyMessageJava();
99. }
100. });
102. buttonApaceLogin.setOnClickListener(newView.OnClickListener(){
104. @Override
105. publicvoidonClick(Viewv){
106. clientType="apache";
107. loginDialog.show();
108. }
109. });
110. buttonApacheMyMessage.setOnClickListener(newView.OnClickListener(){
112. @Override
113. publicvoidonClick(Viewv){
114. showMyMessageApache();
115. }
116. });
117. }
119. @Override
120. protectedvoidonResume(){
121. client=newDefaultHttpClient();//client.getCookieStore().getCookies()session_id
122. HttpParamshttpParams=client.getParams();
123. httpParams.setParameter(CoreProtocolPNames.USE_EXPECT_CONTINUE,false);
125. super.onResume();
126. }
128. @Override
129. protectedvoidonPause(){
130. client.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
132. super.onPause();
133. }
135. privateAlertDialoggetLoginDialog(){
136. returnnewAlertDialog.Builder(Test08_16Activity.this)
137. .setTitle("登录")
138. .setView(loginView)
139. .setPositiveButton("登录",newDialogInterface.OnClickListener(){
141. @Override
142. publicvoidonClick(DialogInterfacedialog,intwhich){
143. if(clientType.equals("apache")){
144. loginApache();
145. }elseif(clientType.equals("java")){
146. loginJava();
147. }
148. }
149. })
150. .setNegativeButton("取消",newDialogInterface.OnClickListener(){
152. @Override
153. publicvoidonClick(DialogInterfacedialog,intwhich){
154. }
155. })
156. .create();
157. }
159. privatevoidloginJava(){
160. Stringusername=editTextUserName.getText().toString();
161. Stringpassword=editTextPassword.getText().toString();
163. URLurl=null;
164. try{
165. url=newURL(LOGIN_URL);
166. }catch(MalformedURLExceptione){
167. }
169. HttpURLConnectionurlConnection=null;
170. try{
171. urlConnection=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
172. }catch(IOExceptione){
173. textViewInfo.setText(e.getMessage());
174. return;
175. }
176. try{
177. urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
178. }catch(ProtocolExceptione){
179. }
180. urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
181. urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
182. urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Connection","keep-alive");
183. urlConnection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(false);//
185. OutputStreamout=null;
186. try{
187. out=newBufferedOutputStream(urlConnection.getOutputStream());//请求
188. }catch(IOExceptione){
189. urlConnection.disconnect();
190. textViewInfo.setText(e.getMessage());
191. return;
192. }
194. Writerwriter=null;
195. try{
196. writer=newOutputStreamWriter(out,"UTF-8");
197. }catch(UnsupportedEncodingExceptione1){
198. }
199. try{
200. writer.write("name="+username+"&password="+password);
201. }catch(IOExceptione){
202. urlConnection.disconnect();
203. textViewInfo.setText(e.getMessage());
204. return;
205. }finally{
206. try{
207. writer.flush();
208. writer.close();
209. }catch(IOExceptione){
210. }
211. }
213. getResponseJava(urlConnection);
214. }
216. privatevoidshowMyMessageJava(){
217. URLurl=null;
218. try{
219. url=newURL(MESSAGE_URL);
220. }catch(MalformedURLExceptione){
221. }
223. HttpURLConnectionurlConnection=null;
224. try{
225. urlConnection=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
226. }catch(IOExceptione){
227. textViewInfo.setText(e.getMessage());
228. return;
229. }
230. //methodThedefaultvalueis"GET"
232. getResponseJava(urlConnection);
233. }
235. //共用HttpClient
236. privatevoidloginApache(){
237. Stringusername=editTextUserName.getText().toString();
238. Stringpassword=editTextPassword.getText().toString();
240. List<NameValuePair>params=newArrayList<NameValuePair>(1);
241. params.add(newBasicNameValuePair("name",username));
242. params.add(newBasicNameValuePair("password",password));
243. HttpEntityformEntity=null;
244. try{
245. formEntity=newUrlEncodedFormEntity(params,HTTP.UTF_8);
246. }catch(UnsupportedEncodingExceptione){
247. }
249. HttpPostrequest=newHttpPost(LOGIN_URL);
250. request.setEntity(formEntity);
252. getResponseApache(request);
253. }
255. privatevoidshowMyMessageApache(){
256. HttpGetrequest=newHttpGet(MESSAGE_URL);
257. getResponseApache(request);
258. }
260. privatevoidgetResponseJava(HttpURLConnectionurlConnection){
261. if(cookie!=null){//session_id
262. urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Cookie",cookie);
263. }
265. InputStreamin=null;
266. try{
267. in=newBufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream());//响应
268. }catch(IOExceptione){
269. urlConnection.disconnect();
270. textViewInfo.setText(e.getMessage());
271. return;
272. }
274. cookie=urlConnection.getHeaderField("Set-Cookie");//session_id
275. intresponseCode=-1;
276. try{
277. responseCode=urlConnection.getResponseCode();
278. }catch(IOExceptione){
279. urlConnection.disconnect();
280. textViewInfo.setText(e.getMessage());
281. return;
282. }
283. if(responseCode==301||responseCode==302||responseCode==307){//重定向
284. Stringlocation=urlConnection.getHeaderField("location");
285. URLurl=null;
286. try{
287. url=newURL(location);
288. }catch(MalformedURLExceptione){
289. }
291. HttpURLConnectionurlConnectionRedirect=null;
292. try{
293. urlConnectionRedirect=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
294. }catch(IOExceptione){
295. textViewInfo.setText(e.getMessage());
296. return;
297. }
299. getResponseJava(urlConnectionRedirect);
300. return;
301. }
303. BufferedReaderreader=null;
304. try{
305. reader=newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(in,"UTF-8"));
306. }catch(UnsupportedEncodingExceptione1){
307. }
308. StringBuilderresult=newStringBuilder();
309. Stringtmp=null;
310. try{
311. while((tmp=reader.readLine())!=null){
312. result.append(tmp);
313. }
314. }catch(IOExceptione){
315. textViewInfo.setText(e.getMessage());
316. return;
317. }finally{
318. try{
319. reader.close();
320. urlConnection.disconnect();
321. }catch(IOExceptione){
322. }
323. }
324. webViewInfo.loadDataWithBaseURL(null,result.toString(),"text/html","UTF-8",null);
325. }
327. privatevoidgetResponseApache(HttpUriRequestrequest){
328. HttpResponseresponse=null;
329. try{
330. response=client.execute(request);//重定向RedirectStrategyexecutewhile(!done)
331. }catch(ClientProtocolExceptione){
332. textViewInfo.setText(e.getMessage());
333. }catch(IOExceptione){
334. textViewInfo.setText(e.getMessage());
335. }
337. if(response==null){
338. return;
339. }
341. if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()!=HttpStatus.SC_OK){
342. textViewInfo.setText("errorresponse"+response.getStatusLine().toString());
343. return;
344. }
346. Stringresult=null;
347. try{
348. result=EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8");
349. }catch(Exceptione){
350. textViewInfo.setText("errorresponse"+response.getStatusLine().toString());
351. return;
352. }
353. webViewInfo.loadDataWithBaseURL(null,result,"text/html","UTF-8",null);
354. }
355. }

看看运行效果：

主界面：

点击 使用java登录iteye，弹出登录对话框：

输入javaeye的账号和密码，点击登录（有点慢，耐心等待），结果如下：

登录成功了，点击 iteye收件箱(相当于在浏览器里点击收件箱)，验证是同一session

成功，代码没有问题。

使用Apache的方式结果一样，我就不截图了。

做这个例子，我是想了解http协议，httpclient内部实现原理。写的过程中参照如下：

seesion问题：http://hi.baidu.com/%CE%A4%D7%D4%C9%FD/blog/item/e2ce0004f52f2c61030881fa.html

http://helin.iteye.com/blog/257115

302重定向：http://blog.csdn.net/hegch/article/details/1891146

http 417 ：http://blog.yes2.me/archives/915

webview乱码：http://hongyang321.iteye.com/blog/1021564

接下来分析一下代码：

先分析java部分，代码和我上篇博客node.js+android http请求响应基本很像，关键的不同

1.解决session的代码：

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1. privateStringcookie;
3. if(cookie!=null){//session_id
4. urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Cookie",cookie);
5. }
7. cookie=urlConnection.getHeaderField("Set-Cookie");//session_id

共享cookie，获取响应前查看是否有cookie，如果有则放在请求头上，获取响应后，拿到cookie存下来。

2.解决重定向的代码：

view plain

1. if(responseCode==301||responseCode==302||responseCode==307){//重定向
2. Stringlocation=urlConnection.getHeaderField("location");
3. URLurl=null;
4. try{
5. url=newURL(location);
6. }catch(MalformedURLExceptione){
7. }
9. HttpURLConnectionurlConnectionRedirect=null;
10. try{
11. urlConnectionRedirect=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
12. }catch(IOExceptione){
13. textViewInfo.setText(e.getMessage());
14. return;
15. }
17. getResponseJava(urlConnectionRedirect);
18. return;
19. }

查看响应代码是否需要重定向，如果是读出响应头上的location，发出get请求，递归调用。

再来分析一下httpclient部分：

1.解决407 error

view plain

1. HttpParamshttpParams=client.getParams();
2. httpParams.setParameter(CoreProtocolPNames.USE_EXPECT_CONTINUE,false);

2.解决session

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1. privateDefaultHttpClientclient;

共用一个client就可以了，cookie存在这client.getCookieStore().getCookies()， 和我们使用一个浏览器，多个标签页共享session原理一样。

3.解决重定向

没有附加任何代码，httpclient内部已经实现，源码主要部分如下：

view plain

1. classAbstractHttpClient
2. publicfinalHttpResponseexecute(HttpUriRequestrequest)
3. throwsIOException,ClientProtocolException{
5. returnexecute(request,(HttpContext)null);
6. }
7. publicfinalHttpResponseexecute(HttpHosttarget,HttpRequestrequest,
8. HttpContextcontext)
10. RequestDirectordirector=null;
11. director=createClientRequestDirectorreturnnewDefaultRequestDirector
12. returndirector.execute(target,request,execContext);
14. classDefaultRequestDirector
15. publicHttpResponseexecute(HttpHosttarget,HttpRequestrequest,
16. HttpContextcontext)
17. while(!done){
18. RoutedRequestfollowup=handleResponse(roureq,response,context);
19. if(followup==null){
20. done=true;
21. }else{
23. protectedRoutedRequesthandleResponse(RoutedRequestroureq,
24. HttpResponseresponse,
25. HttpContextcontext)
26. if(HttpClientParams.isRedirecting(params)&&
27. this.redirectStrategy.isRedirected(request,response,context)){
29. classDefaultRedirectStrategy
30. publicbooleanisRedirected(
31. finalHttpRequestrequest,
32. finalHttpResponseresponse,
33. finalHttpContextcontext)
35. intstatusCode=response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
36. Stringmethod=request.getRequestLine().getMethod();
37. HeaderlocationHeader=response.getFirstHeader("location");
38. switch(statusCode){
39. caseHttpStatus.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY:
40. return(method.equalsIgnoreCase(HttpGet.METHOD_NAME)
41. ||method.equalsIgnoreCase(HttpHead.METHOD_NAME))&&locationHeader!=null;
42. caseHttpStatus.SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY:
43. caseHttpStatus.SC_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT:
44. returnmethod.equalsIgnoreCase(HttpGet.METHOD_NAME)
45. ||method.equalsIgnoreCase(HttpHead.METHOD_NAME);
46. caseHttpStatus.SC_SEE_OTHER:
47. returntrue;
48. default:
49. returnfalse;
50. }//endofswitch

处理方法基本和我的一样，除了对象封装意外，它使用的条件循环while (!done) ，我使用的是条件递归。

ps：使用windows7以后，根据内容找文件很蛋疼，推荐大家使用UltraFileSearch 官网http://www.ultrafilesearch.com/，不是广告，只是用了这么多搜索替代工具以后，觉得最好的一个，和大家分享一下

敲了半天怪累的，就说到这了。