线程测试1

 对比下面几种方式的输出：

package com.thread.test;

public class ThreadTest1 implements Runnable {
	static ThreadTest1 test = new ThreadTest1();
	// volatile只能保证线程之间数据可见，但并不保证线程安全
	static volatile int i = 0;

	public static void increase() {
		i++;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {
			increase();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		Thread thread1 = new Thread(test);
		Thread thread2 = new Thread(test);
		// 测试1
		thread1.start();
		thread2.start();
		thread1.join();
		thread2.join();
		
		// 测试2
		// thread1.start();
		// thread2.start();
		
		// 测试3
		// thread1.start();
		// thread1.join();
		// thread2.start();
		// thread2.join();
		System.err.println(i);
	}
}

package com.thread.test;

public class ThreadTest2 implements Runnable {
	// volatile只能保证线程之间数据可见，但并不保证线程安全
	static volatile int i = 0;

    // 此方法不使用静态方法时
	public synchronized void increase() {
		i++;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {
			increase();
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		Thread thread1 = new Thread(new ThreadTest2());
		Thread thread2 = new Thread(new ThreadTest2());
		thread1.start();
		thread2.start();
		thread1.join();
		thread2.join();
		System.err.println(i);
	}
}

上面的代码测试中，虽然increase使用了锁，但是在 20、21行使用的Runnable实例不是同一个，所以线程thread1和线程thread2只关心各自的锁，也就是说，这两个线程使用的不是同一把锁，所以即使increase使用了synchronized 关键字，输出结果仍然不对。

针对这种情况，解决方案是将increase修改为static

package com.thread.test;

public class ThreadTest2 implements Runnable {
	// volatile只能保证线程之间数据可见，但并不保证线程安全
	static volatile int i = 0;

    // 此方法使用静态方法时
	public static synchronized void increase() {
		i++;
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {
			increase();
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		Thread thread1 = new Thread(new ThreadTest2());
		Thread thread2 = new Thread(new ThreadTest2());
		thread1.start();
		thread2.start();
		thread1.join();
		thread2.join();
		System.err.println(i);
	}
}