参看手册,php官方的http://us2.php.net/manual/en/mongo.manual.php
也可以参看mongodb官方的教程
数据库连接
⑴默认格式
$m = new Mongo();
//这里采用默认连接本机的27017端口,当然你也可以连接远程主机如 192.168.0.4:27017,如果端口是27017,端口可以省略
⑵标准连接
$m = new Mongo("mongodb://${username}:${password}@localhost");
实例:$m = new Mongo("mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/admin:admin");
数据库的用户名和密码都是admin
数据库操作:
插入数据:
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|
<?php
$m
=
new
Mongo(
"mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/admin:admin"
); //这里采用默认连接本机的27017端口,当然你也可以连接远程主机如 192.168.0.4:27017,如果端口是27017,端口可以省略
$db
=
$m
-> comedy;
// 选择comedy数据库,如果以前没该数据库会自动创建,也可以用$m->selectDB("comedy");
$collection
=
$db
->collection;
//选择comedy里面的collection集合,相当于RDBMS里面的表,也-可以使用
$db
->selectCollection(
"collection"
);
/*********添加一个元素**************/
$obj
=
array
(
"title"
=>
"php1"
,
"author"
=>
"Bill Watterson"
);
$collection
->insert(
$obj
);
//将$obj 添加到$collection 集合中
/*********添加另一个元素**************/
$obj
=
array
(
"title"
=>
"huaibei"
,
"online"
=> true );
$collection
->insert(
$obj
);
//$query = array( "title" => "huaibei" );
$query
=
array
(
"_id"
=>
$obj
[
'_id'
] );
$cursor
=
$collection
->find(
$query
);
foreach
(
$cursor
as
$obj
) {
//遍历所有集合中的文档
echo
$obj
[
"title"
] .
"\n"
;
echo
$obj
[
"_id"
] .
"\n"
;
}
$m
->close();
//断开MongoDB连接
|
结果:
带条件的查询
查询 title为huaibei的字段
1 $query = array( "title" => "huaibei" );
2 $cursor = $collection->find( $query ); // 在$collectio集合中查找满足$query的文档
常用的SQL转化为mongodb的条件
mysql: id = 123
mongo: array('id'=>123)
mysql: name link '%bar%'
mongo: array('name' => new MongoRegex('/.*bar.*/i'))
mysql: where id > 10
mongo: array('id' => array('$gt' => 10))
mysql: where id >= 10
mongo: array('id' => array('$gte' => 10))
mysql: where id < 10
mongo: array('id' => array('$lt' => 10))
mysql: where id <= 10
mongo: array('id' => array('$lte' => 10))
mysql: where id > 1 and id < 10
mongo: array('id' => array('$gt' => 1,'$lt' => 10))
mysql: where id <> 10
mongo: array('id' => array('$ne' => 10))
mysql: where id in(123)
mongo: array('id' => array('$in' => array(1,2,3)))
mysql: where id not in(123)
mongo: array('id' => array('$nin' => array(1,2,3)))
mysql: where id = 2 or id = 9
mongo: array('id' => array('$or' => array(array('id'=>2),array('id'=>9))))
mysql: order by name asc
mongo: array('sort'=>array('name'=>1))
mysql: order by name desc
mongo: array('sort'=>array('name'=>-1))
mysql: limit 0,2
mongo: array('limit'=>array('offset'=>0,'rows'=>2))
mysql: select name,email
mongo: array('name','email')
mysql: select count(name)
mongo: array('COUNT') //注意:COUNT为大写
更详细的转换参考http://us2.php.net/manual/en/mongo.sqltomongo.php
注意事项
查询时,每个Object插入时都会自动生成一个独特的_id,它相当于RDBMS中的主键,用于查询时非常方便 (_id每一都不同,很像自动增加的id)
如:
1 <?php
2
3
$person
=
array
(
"name"
=>
"joe"
);
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5
$people
->insert(
$person
);
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7
$joe
=
$people
->findOne(
array
(
"_id"
=>
$person
[
'_id'
]));
8
9 ?>
|
数据更改
添加一个新字段
/** 原字段:
* {"username" : "...", "password" : "...", "email" : "..."}
*/
$coll->update(array("username" => "joe"), array('$set' => array("twitter" => "@joe4153")));
/** 操作后的字段:
* {"username" : "joe", "password" : "...", "email" : "...", "twitter" : "@joe4153"}
*/
更改字段值
/** 原的数据
* {"username" : "...", "password" : "...", "email" : "..."}
*/
$coll->update(array("username" => "joe"), array("userId" => 12345, "info" => array(
"name" => "joe", "twitter" => "@joe4153", "email" => "..."), "likes" => array()));
/** 操作后的数据:
* {
* "userId" : 12345,
* "info" : {
* "name" : "joe",
* "twitter" : "@joe4153",
* "email" : "..."
* },
* "likes" : []
* }
*/
比较复杂的更新
更改author为john的名称
{
"_id" : ObjectId("4b06c282edb87a281e09dad9"),
"content" : "this is a blog post.",
"comments" :
[
{
"author" : "Mike",
"comment" : "I think that blah blah blah...",
},
{
"author" : "John",
"comment" : "I disagree."
}
]
}
操作:<?php
$blog->update(
array("comments.author" => "John"),
array('$set' => array('comments.$.author' => "Jim")));
?>
删除一个数据库
$m -> dropDB("comedy");
列出所有可用数据库
$m->listDBs(); //无返回值
转载一部分mongodb常用的数据库方法
MongoDB中有用的函数:
创建一个MongoDB对象
http://us.php.net/manual/en/mongodb.construct.php
$mo = new Mongo();
$db = new MongoDB($mo,’dbname’);//通过创建方式获得一个MongoDB对象
删除当前DB
http://us.php.net/manual/en/mongodb.drop.php
$db = $mo->dbname;
$db->drop();
获得当前数据库名
http://us.php.net/manual/en/mongodb.–tostring.php
$db = $mo->dbname;
$db->_tostring();
选择想要的collection:
A:
$mo = new Mongo();
$coll = $mo->dbname->collname;//获得一个collection对象
B:
$db = $mo->selectDB(’dbname’);
$coll = $db->collname;
C:
$db = $mo->dbname;
$coll = $db->collname;
D:
$db = $mo->dbname;
$coll = $db->selectCollectoin(’collname’);//获得一个collection对象
插入数据(MongoCollection对象):
http://us.php.net/manual/en/mongocollection.insert.php
MongoCollection::insert(array $a,array $options)
array $a 要插入的数组
array $options 选项
safe 是否返回操作结果信息
fsync 是否直接插入到物理硬盘
例程:
$coll = $mo->db->foo;
$a = array(’a'=>’b');
$options = array(’safe’=>true);
$rs =$coll->insert($a,$options);
$rs为一个array型的数组,包含操作信息
删除数据库中的记录(MongoCollection对象):
http://us.php.net/manual/en/mongocollection.remove.php
MongoCollection::remove(array $criteria,array $options)
array $criteria 条件
array $options 选项
safe 是否返回操作结果
fsync 是否是直接影响到物理硬盘
justOne 是否只影响一条记录
例程:
$coll = $mo->db->coll;
$c = array(’a'=>1,’s’=>array(’$lt’=>100));
$options = array(’safe’=>true);
$rs = $coll->remove($c,$options);
$rs为一个array型的数组,包含操作信息
更新数据库中的记录(MongoCollection对象):
http://us.php.net/manual/en/mongocollection.update.php
MongoCollection::update(array $criceria,array $newobj,array $options)
array $criteria 条件
array $newobj 要更新的内容
array $options 选项
safe 是否返回操作结果
fsync 是否是直接影响到物理硬盘
upsert 是否没有匹配数据就添加一条新的
multiple 是否影响所有符合条件的记录,默认只影响一条
例程:
$coll = $mo->db->coll;
$c = array(’a'=>1,’s’=>array(’$lt’=>100));
$newobj = array(’e'=>’f',’x'=>’y');
$options = array(’safe’=>true,’multiple’=>true);
$rs = $coll->remove($c,$newobj,$options);
$rs为一个array型的数组,包含操作信息
查询collection获得单条记录(MongoCollection类):
http://us.php.net/manual/en/mongocollection.findone.php
array MongoCollection::findOne(array $query,array $fields)
array $query 条件
array $fields 要获得的字段
例程:
$coll = $mo->db->coll;
$query = array(’s’=>array(’$lt’=>100));
$fields = array(’a'=>true,’b'=>true);
$rs = $coll->findOne($query,$fields);
如果有结果就返回一个array,如果没有结果就返回NULL
查询collection获得多条记录(MongoCollection类):
http://us.php.net/manual/en/mongocollection.find.php
MongoCursor MongoCollection::find(array $query,array $fields)
array $query 条件
array $fields 要获得的字段
例程:
$coll = $mo->db->coll;
$query = array(’s’=>array(’$lt’=>100));
$fields = array(’a'=>true,’b'=>true);
$cursor = $coll->find($query,$fields);
//排序
$cursor->sort(array('字段'=>-1));(-1倒序,1正序)
//跳过部分记录
$cursor->skip(100);跳过100行
//只显示部分记录
$cursor->limit(100);只显示100行
返回一个游标记录对象MongoCursor。
针对游标对象MongoCursor的操作(MongoCursor类):
http://us.php.net/manual/en/class.mongocursor.php
循环或的结果记录:
$cursor = $coll->find($query,$fields);
while($cursor->hasNext()){
$r = $cursor->getNext();
var_dump($r);
}
或者
$cursor = $coll->find($query,$fields);
foreache($cursor as $k=>$v){
var_dump($v);
}
或者
$cursor = $coll->find($query,$fields);
$array= iterator_to_array($cursor);