在Android开发应用中,我们经常会遇到软件自动下载更新功能,最简单的方法先采用HttpClient去下载apk资源,在下载的过程中我们通过计算来算出下载的进度,然后我们可以使用Dialog+ProgressBar去显示下载进度。这种实现方式有很多不完美之处,首先在Dialog+ProgressBar去实现,下载的过程中我们无法进行其他的操作,得停留在这个页面,用户体验不太好,其次,在下载的过程中会遇到很多异常需要我们自己去处理,比较麻烦,如果再要自己实现断点下载的功能,那就比较头痛了。下面来介绍2种我自己在项目开发中整理出来的比较好用的方法,第一种是采用Xutil(Github一款比较好用的框架,主要功能有数据库封装,网络请求,图片处理,注解)+自定义Notification,第2种是利用系统提供的DownloadManager去实现。 先说第一种,它主要是主要是通过Xutil框架封装好的文件下载请求框架去实现的,然后通过自定义Notification去显示相关下载信息,贴上图和相应代码:
package com.example.download;
import java.io.File;
import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.widget.RemoteViews;
import com.lidroid.xutils.HttpUtils;
import com.lidroid.xutils.exception.HttpException;
import com.lidroid.xutils.http.ResponseInfo;
import com.lidroid.xutils.http.callback.RequestCallBack;
public class HttpConnectService {
private static final int NOTIFY_ID = 0;
private NotificationManager mNotificationManager;
private Notification mNotification;
// 下载地址
private String apkUrl = "http://dldir1.qq.com/dlomg/weishi/weishi_guanwang.apk";
// 下载包安装路径
private static final String savePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+"/weishi.apk";
public void connectDownLoad(final Context context,final String packageName) {
mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) context.getSystemService(android.content.Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
HttpUtils http = new HttpUtils();
http.configTimeout(30000);
http.configSoTimeout(30000);
http.download(apkUrl,savePath, false, false,
new RequestCallBack<File>() {
@Override
public void onStart() {
setUpNotification(packageName,context);
}
@Override
public void onLoading(long total,long current,boolean isUploading) {
int progress = (int) (current * 100/total);
RemoteViews contentview = mNotification.contentView;
contentview.setTextViewText(R.id.tv_progress, progress + "%");
contentview.setProgressBar(R.id.progressbar, 100, progress, false);
mNotificationManager.notify(NOTIFY_ID, mNotification);
}
@Override
public void onSuccess(ResponseInfo<File> responseInfo) {
mNotificationManager.cancel(NOTIFY_ID);
installAPK(responseInfo.result, context);
}
@Override
public void onFailure(HttpException error, String msg) {
RemoteViews contentview = mNotification.contentView;
contentview.setTextViewText(R.id.tv_progress,"下载失败");
contentview.setProgressBar(R.id.progressbar, 100,0, false);
mNotificationManager.notify(NOTIFY_ID, mNotification);
}
});
}
/**
* 创建通知
*/
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
private void setUpNotification(String packageName,Context context) {
mNotification = new Notification(R.drawable.weishi, "正在下载", System.currentTimeMillis());
mNotification.flags = Notification.FLAG_ONGOING_EVENT;
RemoteViews contentView = new RemoteViews(packageName, R.layout.download_notification_layout);
mNotification.contentView = contentView;
mNotificationManager.notify(NOTIFY_ID, mNotification);
}
//安装APK
private void installAPK(File t,Context context) {
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(t),"application/vnd.android.package-archive");
context.startActivity(intent);
}
}
主要功能实现在connectDownLoad方法里面,在这个方法里面我们重写了4个方法,分别是onStart(),onLoading(),onSuccess(),onFailure(),对应下载的4种情况,即下载开始,下载进行时,下载完成,下载失败,下载开始时创建一个自定义的Notification,我们将自定义的布局的内容写在R.layout.download_notification_layout布局文件里面,在loading方法里面系统提供了3个参数,我们使用其中的2个参数,total代表文件总大小,current代表已经下载了多少,通过int progress = (int) (current * 100/total)我们就可以计算出下载进度,然后我们通过mNotificationManager.notify(NOTIFY_ID, mNotification)去刷新Notification内容显示,然后我们在onsuccess和onFailure方法里面处理相应的情况,下载成功时我们弹出安装页面,提示用户进行安装,失败时也给出相关提示。
下面来讲第二种实现方式,就是利用android系统的DownloadManager 去实现的,个人觉得比较方便实用,它可以检测下载速度,显示下载进度,文件大小,断点下载等强大功能,下载过程中他会自动检测网络状态,网络断开时停止下载,连接上时自动接着下载,还可以设置成只有在wifi下面才进行下载,下面直接贴出效果图和相应代码,代码里面关键代码都写了注释,比较简单。
package com.example.download;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.DownloadManager;
import android.app.DownloadManager.Query;
import android.app.DownloadManager.Request;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
static final String DOWNLOAD_FILE_NAME = "weishi.apk";
private DownloadManager manager ;
private Button downBtn1 ;
private Button downBtn2 ;
private long downloadId;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
manager =(DownloadManager)getSystemService(DOWNLOAD_SERVICE);
downBtn1 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.downBtn1);
downBtn1.setOnClickListener(this);
downBtn2 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.downBtn2);
downBtn2.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.downBtn1:
Query query = new Query();
query.setFilterById(downloadId);
query.setFilterByStatus(DownloadManager.STATUS_RUNNING);//正在下载
Cursor c = manager.query(query);
if(c.moveToNext()){
//正在下载中,不重新下载
}else{
//创建下载请求
DownloadManager.Request down=new DownloadManager.Request (Uri.parse("http://dldir1.qq.com/dlomg/weishi/weishi_guanwang.apk"));
//设置允许使用的网络类型,这里是移动网络和wifi都可以
down.setAllowedNetworkTypes(DownloadManager.Request.NETWORK_MOBILE|DownloadManager.Request.NETWORK_WIFI);
//显示在下载界面,即下载后的文件在系统下载管理里显示
down.setVisibleInDownloadsUi(true);
//设置下载标题
down.setTitle("微视");
//显示Notification
down.setNotificationVisibility(Request.VISIBILITY_VISIBLE);
//设置下载后文件存放的位置,在SDCard/Android/data/你的应用的包名/files/目录下面
down.setDestinationInExternalFilesDir(this, null,DOWNLOAD_FILE_NAME);
//将下载请求放入队列,返回值为downloadId
downloadId = manager.enqueue(down);
}
break;
case R.id.downBtn2:
HttpConnectService hcs = new HttpConnectService();
hcs.connectDownLoad(this, getPackageName());
break;
}
}
}
然后我们在AndroidManifest.xml配置文件里面去注册一个广播,监听下载完成的动作,这里不建议这Activity里面动态注册广播,因为这样activity销毁时广播会被销毁我们就无法接受到下载完成的广播了。
package com.example.download;
import java.io.File;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.DownloadManager;
import android.app.DownloadManager.Query;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
public class DownloadCompleteReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
private DownloadManager manager ;
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
manager =(DownloadManager)context.getSystemService(Context.DOWNLOAD_SERVICE);
if(intent.getAction().equals(DownloadManager.ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE)){
//通过downloadId去查询下载的文件名
long downloadId = intent.getLongExtra(DownloadManager.EXTRA_DOWNLOAD_ID, -1);
Query query = new Query();
query.setFilterById(downloadId);
Cursor myDownload = manager.query(query);
if (myDownload.moveToFirst()) {
int fileNameIdx = myDownload.getColumnIndex(DownloadManager.COLUMN_LOCAL_FILENAME);
String fileName = myDownload.getString(fileNameIdx);
installAPK(fileName,context);
}
}
}
//安装APK
private void installAPK(String filePath,Context context) {
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);//广播里面操作需要加上这句,存在于一个独立的栈里
intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(new File(filePath)),"application/vnd.android.package-archive");
context.startActivity(intent);
}
}
源码下载