Messenger跨进程通信架构

Framework Messenger Mechanism

Messenger基于aidl，最重要的一个aidl接口是IMessenger.aidl
@framework/base/core/java/android/os/IMessenger.aidl

package android.os;

import android.os.Message;

/** @hide */
oneway interface IMessenger {
    void send(in Message msg);
}

IMessenger相关的所有文件如下：

@framework/base/core/java/android/os/IMessenger.aidl
@framework/base/core/java/android/os/Message.aidl
@framework/base/core/java/android/os/Message.java
@framework/base/core/java/android/os/Messenger.aidl
@framework/base/core/java/android/os/Messenger.java
@framework/base/core/java/android/os/Handler.java

通信流程

服务端实现

1. 创建Messenger对象,同时创建并获取Handler里的IMessenger.Stub对象

public final class Messenger implements Parcelable {
    private final IMessenger mTarget;
    public Messenger(Handler target) {
        mTarget = target.getIMessenger();
    }
    public IBinder getBinder() {
        return mTarget.asBinder();
    }
}

2. IMessenger.Stub内部关联Handler，接收到的Message转发到handleMessage(Message msg)

public class Handler {
    final IMessenger getIMessenger() {
        synchronized (mQueue) {
            if (mMessenger != null) {
                return mMessenger;
            }
            mMessenger = new MessengerImpl();
            return mMessenger;
        }
    }

    private final class MessengerImpl extends IMessenger.Stub {
        public void send(Message msg) {
            msg.sendingUid = Binder.getCallingUid();
            Handler.this.sendMessage(msg);
        }
    }
}

3. 客户端绑定服务的时候通过Messenger#getBinder()返回IBinder对象

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        if (mMessenger == null) {
            return null;
        }
        return mMessenger.getBinder();
    }

4. 客户端接收到onBind返回后，以IBinder为参数创建Messenger对象

        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            mService = new Messenger(service);
        }

以上就完成了客户端向服务端发送数据的过程

客户端实现

1. 与服务端一样创建Messenger对象并持有IMessenger对象

public final class Messenger implements Parcelable {
    private final IMessenger mTarget;
    public Messenger(Handler target) {
        mTarget = target.getIMessenger();
    }
}

2. 客户端发送Message的时候传入Messenger对象

public final class Message implements Parcelable {
    public Messenger replyTo;
}

3. 服务端获取Message里的Messenger对象并发送数据到客户端

public final class Messenger implements Parcelable {
    private final IMessenger mTarget;
    public void send(Message message) throws RemoteException {
        mTarget.send(message);
    }
}

以上就完成了服务端向客户端发送数据的过程

Messenger特性

1. 双向通信
2. 异步
3. 数据处理使用Handler机制
4. 支持多客户端
5. 多线程
6. 封装了aidl细节