递归——全排列

打印一个字符串的全部排列 printAllPermutations1

打印一个字符串的全部排列并去除重复项 printAllPermutations2

import java.util.HashSet;

public class All_Permutations {

    public static void printAllPermutations1(String str) {
        char[] chs = str.toCharArray();
        process1(chs, 0);
    }

    public static void process1(char[] chs, int i) {
        if (i == chs.length) {
            System.out.println(String.valueOf(chs));
        }
        for (int j = i; j < chs.length; j++) {
            swap(chs, i, j);
            process1(chs, i + 1);
            swap(chs, i, j);
        }
    }

    public static void printAllPermutations2(String str) {
        char[] chs = str.toCharArray();
        process2(chs, 0);
    }

    public static void process2(char[] chs, int i) {
        if (i == chs.length) {
            System.out.println(String.valueOf(chs));
        }
        HashSet<Character> set = new HashSet<>();
        for (int j = i; j < chs.length; j++) {
            if (!set.contains(chs[j])) {
                set.add(chs[j]);
                swap(chs, i, j);
                process2(chs, i + 1);
                swap(chs, i, j);
            }
        }
    }

    public static void swap(char[] chs, int i, int j) {
        char tmp = chs[i];
        chs[i] = chs[j];
        chs[j] = tmp;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String test1 = "abc";
        printAllPermutations1(test1);//全排列，不去重版
        System.out.println("======");
        printAllPermutations2(test1);//全排列，去重版
        System.out.println("======");

        String test2 = "acc";
        printAllPermutations1(test2);
        System.out.println("======");
        printAllPermutations2(test2);
        System.out.println("======");
    }

}