Java基础知识关键字

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-17 11:16:47 发布

恩赐_解脱

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-17 11:16:47 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wdcszt/article/details/51837506

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Java基础知识关键字

定义：一些已经赋予了指定含义的词语

根类相关：public private protected class interface implements extends import package abstract

根方法函数/属性相关：void return static final

八大基本数据类型：int short byte long char boolean double float

循环判断：for switch do while break continue if case

异常：try catch throw throws finally

其他：this super

goto(保留字)

一、先来分析权限修饰符：

建立如下结构进行实验

1.public：整个工程随意访问，不管是跨类还是跨包

package text1;
public class People {
	public String name;
	public void eat(){}
}

package text2;
import text1.People;
public class Man {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		People people = new People();
		people.name = " ";
		people.eat();
	}
}

在包text1中定义了公有属性name和方法eat，看到在包text2中可以被访问调用，可以看出public的访问权限是非常大的

2.protected：同一个包下的类可以随意访问，跨包不行(跨包继承是可以继承到受保护的属性或者方法)

package text1;
public class People {
	public String name;
	protected String sex;
	public void eat(){}
	protected void drink(){}
}

在People中定义protected属性sex和方法drink

package text2;
import text1.People;
public class Man {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		People people = new People();
		people.name = " ";
		people.eat();
		people.<del>sex</del> = " ";
		people.<del>drink</del>();
	}

}

可以看到在Man中不能调用了，对于被protected修饰的属性和方法，还有一种方式访问

package text2;
import text1.People;
public class Woman extends People{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Woman people = new Woman();
		people.name = " ";
		people.eat();
		people.sex= " ";
		people.drink();
	}
}

定义子类Woman继承父类People，就可以用子类实例调用到父类的protected属性和方法了。

3.默认不写：同一个包下的类可以随意访问，跨包不行

package text1;
public class People {
	int age;
	void play(){}
}

<pre class="java" name="code">package text2;
import text1.People;
public class Woman extends People{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Woman people = new Woman();
		people.<del>age</del> = 18;
		people.<del>play</del>();
	}
}

挎包继承也不可以访问默认修饰的属性和方法

package text1;
public class Student {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		People people = new People();
		people.age = 18;
		people.play();
	}
}

同一包下的其他类可以访问到默认属性和方法

4.private：仅限于当前类自己可以访问，其他类拥有对象也无法访问私有属性/方法

package text1;

public class People {


	private String address;

	private void sleep(){}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		People people = new People();
		people.address = " ";
		people.sleep();
	}
}

package text1;
public class Student {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		People people = new People();
		people.<del>address</del> = " ";
		people.<del>sleep</del>();
	}
}

同包其他类调用私有属性和方法报错。

总结一个表：

访问修饰符：public protected默认private四种类型访问权限