k8s安装

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已于 2022-09-22 15:26:08 修改

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于 2022-09-21 11:10:15 首次发布

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系统：CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

3台

192.168.2.14 node1

192.168.2.17 node2

192.168.2.19 node3

修改/etc/hosts

加入对应的节点配置

1.安装docker 版本20.10.18

2.安装k8s

kubectl 1.18.3-0

使用yum 阿里云的源安装

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF

[kubernetes]

name=Kubernetes

baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

repo_gpgcheck=0

gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg

跳过检查签名 gpgcheck = 0 repo_gpgcheck=0部分

kubelet version 查看版本

systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet

kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=1.18.3-0 \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.2.14 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

## 2.2.7 Installing kubeadm, kubelet and kubectl
```shell
01 `配置yum源`
# ====================================================================================
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
# ====================================================================================

02 `安装kubeadm&kubelet&kubectl`
yum install -y kubeadm-1.18.3-0 kubelet-1.18.3-0 kubectl-1.18.3-0

03 `docker和k8s设置同一个cgroup`
# docker
   vi /etc/docker/daemon.json 【文件没内容的话，就新建；有的话，就加上这一句，注意文件的格式[逗号]】
# ====================================================================================
{
   "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}
# ====================================================================================
   systemctl restart docker 【`重启docker，一定要执行`】

# kubelet
sed -i "s/cgroup-driver=systemd/cgroup-driver=cgroupfs/g" /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubeadm.conf 【`找不到内容没关系`】
systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet 【`重启kubelet，一定要执行`】

## 2.2.8 proxy/pause/scheduler等国内镜像

```shell
01 `查看kubeadm使用的镜像`
   kubeadm config images list
# ====================================================================================
k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.18.20
k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.18.20
k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.18.20
k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.18.20
k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.2
k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.4.3-0
k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.7
# ====================================================================================
02 `解决国外镜像不能访问的问题`
# 创建kubeadm.sh脚本，用于拉取镜像/打tag/删除原有镜像
   vi kubeadm.sh
# ====================================================================================
#!/bin/bash
set -e
KUBE_VERSION=v1.18.3
KUBE_PAUSE_VERSION=3.2
ETCD_VERSION=3.4.3-0
CORE_DNS_VERSION=1.6.7
GCR_URL=k8s.gcr.io
ALIYUN_URL=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
images=(kube-proxy:${KUBE_VERSION}
kube-scheduler:${KUBE_VERSION}
kube-controller-manager:${KUBE_VERSION}
kube-apiserver:${KUBE_VERSION}
pause:${KUBE_PAUSE_VERSION}
etcd:${ETCD_VERSION}
coredns:${CORE_DNS_VERSION})
for imageName in ${images[@]} ; do
   docker pull $ALIYUN_URL/$imageName
   docker tag $ALIYUN_URL/$imageName $GCR_URL/$imageName
   docker rmi $ALIYUN_URL/$imageName
done
# ====================================================================================
03 `运行脚本和查看镜像`
   sh ./kubeadm.sh 【运行脚本】
   docker images 【查看镜像】

### 2.2.9.1 初始化master节点

```shell
01 `初始化master节点`
kubeadm reset 【初始化集群状态】
kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=1.14.0 \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.2.14 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 【初始化master节点】
# 注意：记得保存好最后kubeadm join的信息。
# =======================================================================================
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join 192.168.2.14:6443 --token 3k4qyc.l065kspa71r68l2o \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:d37277bfa533cd1c2268dac7a9f92779343aa499064ba66e1b4bca22a9d30af4

# =======================================================================================
02 `根据日志提示执行`
   mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
   sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
   sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
03 `查看pod`
   等待一会儿，同时可以发现像etcd，controller，scheduler等组件都以pod的方式安装成功了
# 注意：coredns没有启动，需要安装网络插件
   kubectl get pods -n kube-system 【查看kube-system的pods】
   kubectl get pods --all-namespaces 【查看所有pods】
# =======================================================================================
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
coredns-fb8b8dccf-f7g6g 0/1 Pending 0 7m30s
coredns-fb8b8dccf-hx765 0/1 Pending 0 7m30s
etcd-m 1/1 Running 0 6m30s
kube-apiserver-m 1/1 Running 0 6m36s
kube-controller-manager-m 1/1 Running 0 6m42s
kube-proxy-w9m72 1/1 Running 0 7m30s
kube-scheduler-m 1/1 Running 0 6m24s
# =======================================================================================
04 `健康检查`
   curl -k https://localhost:6443/healthz
# =======================================================================================
[root@master-kubeadm-k8s ~]# curl -k https://localhost:6443/healthz
ok
# =======================================================================================

## 2.2.11 kube join

```shell
01 记得保存初始化master节点的最后打印信息【注意这边大家要自己的，下面我的只是一个参考】
kubeadm join 192.168.2.14:6443 --token 3k4qyc.l065kspa71r68l2o \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:d37277bfa533cd1c2268dac7a9f92779343aa499064ba66e1b4bca22a9d30af4 【worker上面执行】
02 在master节点上检查集群信息
kubectl get nodes
# =======================================================================================
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
master-kubeadm-k8s Ready master 19m v1.14.0
worker01-kubeadm-k8s Ready <none> 3m6s v1.14.0
worker02-kubeadm-k8s Ready <none> 2m41s v1.14.0
# =======================================================================================
```

## 2.2.12 再次体验Pod

```shell
01 `定义pod.yml文件，比如pod_nginx_rs.yaml` 【不能使用tab，只能用空格】
   mkdir pod_nginx_rs
   cd pod_nginx_rs
# =======================================================================================
cat > pod_nginx_rs.yaml <<EOF
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: ReplicaSet
metadata:
name: nginx
labels:
tier: frontend
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
tier: frontend
template:
metadata:
name: nginx
labels:
tier: frontend
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx
ports:
- containerPort: 80
EOF
# =======================================================================================
02 `根据pod_nginx_rs.yml文件创建pod`
   kubectl apply -f pod_nginx_rs.yaml
03 `查看pod`
kubectl get pods
kubectl get pods -o wide
kubectl describe pod nginx
04 `感受通过rs将pod扩容`
   kubectl scale rs nginx --replicas=5
   kubectl get pods -o wide
05 `删除pod`
   kubectl delete -f pod_nginx_rs.yaml
```