hadoop+hbase+zookeeper安装指南

hadoop、hbase、zookeeper是大数据里面三个重要的产品，关于这三个产品的介绍，各种书籍和网站介绍得很多，在这里不再赘述，仅介绍在ubunt下如何安装和配置这三种产品。

第一步：配置虚拟机为桥接模式

第二步：安装openssh-server，并且登录不需要

/home/jerry/>apt-get install openssh-server #安装openssh-server

/home/jerry/>ssh localhost #登录本机，需要密码

/home/jerry/>exit# 退出刚才的 ssh localhost

/home/jerry/>cd ~/.ssh/# 若没有该目录，请先执行一次ssh localhost

/home/jerry/>ssh-keygen -t rsa# 会有提示，都按回车就可以

/home/jerry/>cat ./id_rsa.pub >> ./authorized_keys # 加入授权

/home/jerry/>ssh localhost#不需要密码

第三步：安装JDK 1.7以上

/home/jerry/>tar -xzf jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local

/home/jerry/>cd /usr/local

/usr/local/>mv jdk1.8.0_161/ java

/usr/local/>gedit ~/.bashrc

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

/usr/local/>source ~/.bashrc

/usr/local/>java -version

出现版本信息，说明配置正确。

第四步：安装hadoop

/home/jerry/>tar -xzf hadoop-2.6.4.tar.gz -C /usr/local

/home/jerry/>cd /usr/local

/usr/local/>mv hadoop-2.6.4/ hadoop

/usr/local/>chown -R root ./hadoop

/usr/local/>gedit ~/.bashrc

export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native
export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native"
export JAVA_LIBRAY_PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$JAVA_LIBRARY_PATH

/usr/local/>source ~/.bashrc

/usr/local/>hadoop version

#查看hsddop版本有内容，说明配置正确

/usr/local/>gedit /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml

<configuration>
　　<property>
　　　　<name>fs.defualtFS</name>
　　　　<value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>
　　</property>
　　<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp</value>
        <description>Abase for other temporary directories.</description>
    </property>
</configuration>

/usr/local/>gedit /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml

<configuration>
　　    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>1</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/name</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/data</value>
    </property>
　　<property>
　　　　<name>dfs.namenode.http-address</name>
　　　　<value>0.0.0.0:50070</value>
　　</property>
</configuration>

• dfs.namenode.name.dir：namenode位置
• dfs.namenode.data.dir：datanode位置
• dfs.namenode.http-address：hadoop WEB端口

gedit /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdoop-env.sh

将语句

exportJAVA_HOME=$JAVA_HOME

修改为

exportJAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_101

hadoop WEB 页面：http://localhost:50070

/usr/local/>cd hadoop

/usr/local/hadoop/>hdfs namenode -format

/usr/local/hadoop/>sbin/start-dfs.sh

/usr/local/hadoop/>cp etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml.template etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml

/usr/local/hadoop/>gedit /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml

<configuration>
　　<property>
　　　　<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-server</name>
　　　　<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
　　</property>
</configuration>

/usr/local/hadoop/>sbin/start-dfs.sh(./sbin/stop-dfs.sh)

/usr/local/hadoop/>sbin/start-yarn.sh(./sbin/stop-yarn.sh)

/usr/local/hadoop/>
sbin/mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver #查看历史任务(./sbin/mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh stop historyserver)

hadoop安全模式，比如hadoop非正常退出，会进入安全模式

$hdfs dfsadmin -safemode get|wait|entry|leave|wait

• get：获得当前是否进入安全模式
• wait：等待进入安全模式
• entry：强制进入安全模式
• leave：强制离开安全模式

第五步：安装HBase

/home/jerry/>tar -xzf hbase-2.2.4-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local

/home/jerry/>cd /usr/local

/usr/local/>mv hbase-2.2.4/ hbase

/usr/local/>gedit ~/.bashrc

export HBASE_HOME=/usr/local/hbase
export PATH=$PATH:$HBASE_HOME/bin

/usr/local/>source ~/.bashrc

/usr/local/>chown -R root ./habase

/usr/local/>gedit hbase/conf/hbase-site.xml

<configuration>
    <property>
　　　　<name>hbase.rootdir</name>
　　　　<value>hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase</value>
　　</property>
　　<property>
　　　　<name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
　　　　<value>true</value>
　　</property>
   <property> 
      <name>hbase.unsafe.stream.capability.enforce</name> 
      <value>false</value> 
   </property>
  <property>
        <name>hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir</name>
        <value>/usr/local/zookeeper</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

• hbase.rootdir：hbase在HDFS的位置，端口号一定要与/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml保持一致。
• hbase.cluster.distributed：是否为分布式，在这里为伪分布式
• hbase.unsafe.stream.capability.enforce：在分布式情况下, 一定设置为false（hbase的一个bug）
• hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir：zookeeper的位置。

/usr/local/>hbase version #有结果说明配置正确

/usr/local/>hbase-daemon.sh start master

/usr/local/>start-hbase.sh #用于启动HBase，关闭HBase用stop-hbase.sh 速度相当慢，./bin/hdfs namenode -format，但是数据全部丢失

/usr/local/>hbase shell#用于打开shell命令行模式

HBase WEB 页面http://localhost:16010

第六步：安装zookeeperz文件

/home/jerry/>tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.11.tar.gz

/home/jerry/>mv zookeeper-3.4.11 /usr/local/zookeeper

/home/jerry/>cd /usr/local/zookeeper/conf //切换到该目录

/usr/local/zookeeper/conf >cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg//复制一份取名为zoo.cfg

/usr/local/zookeeper/conf >gedit zoo.cfg

...
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
# do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just 
# example sakes.
dataDir=/tmp/zookeeper
dataLogDir=/tmp/zookeeper/logs
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181
...

确保/tmp/zookeeper，/tmp/zookeeper/logs存在

/usr/local/>source ~/.bashrc

/usr/local/>chown -R root ./habase

/usr/local/>hbase version

/usr/local/zookeeper/conf >gedit ~/.bashrc

export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/usr/local/zookeeper
export PATH=$PATH:$ ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin

/usr/local/zookeeper/conf >source ~/.bashrc

cd …/bin/

/usr/local/zookeeper/bin>zkServer.sh start

在实际工作中，建议启动服务以后确定启动没有问题再关闭，最后统一启动，启动顺序为：

• haddoop
• hbase
• zookeep

启动完毕

jps

114865 NameNode

112467 JobHistoryServer

116114 HRegionServer

111637 ResourceManager

115271 SecondaryNameNode

43386 Jps

115994 HMaster

115932 HQuorumPeer

115023 DataNode

111774 NodeManager

几种错误现象。

1，NoNode for /hbase/master

hbase(main):005:0> status

ERROR: KeeperErrorCode = NoNode for /hbase/master

For usage try ‘help “status”’

Took 8.1764 seconds

原因

HMaster进程没有打开

2，启动hadoopmei没有datanode

cat /usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/name/current/VERSION

记住clusterID

edit /usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/data/current/VERSION

修改clusterID为刚才记录的name里面的clusterID

重新启动hadoop

3，启动hbase后不久HMaster就关闭

如果使用后hbase自带的zookeeper，建议单独安装zookeeper，否则到zookeeper主目录下删除hbase下所有内容