Oracle导入导出提示EXP-0006:出现内部不一致的错误解决办法

exp、imp是ORACLE幸存的最古老的两个操作系统命令行工具，导入(IMP)/导出(EXP)，昨天在Oracle用exp、imp导入导出报EXP-0006:出现内部不一致的错误。

　　以前用exp、imp导库命令成功的实现了Oracle数据库的导出、导入，对此，昨天再对服务器新安装的Oracle数据库用exp、imp导库，一直报“EXP-0006：出现内部不一致的错误”，于是在网上百度，尝试其他导库方式，发现采用expdp、impdp数据泵同样可以完成数据库的导出、导入，而且数据泵与传统导出导入有如下区别：

　　1.EXP和IMP是客户段工具程序， EXPDP和IMPDP是服务端的工具程序;

　　2.EXP和IMP效率比较低. EXPDP和IMPDP效率高;

　　3.数据泵功能强大并行、过滤、转换、压缩、加密、交互等等;

　　4.数据泵不支持9i以前版本， EXP/IMP短期内还是比较适用;

　　5.同exp/imp数据泵导出包括导出表,导出方案,导出表空间,导出数据库4种方式。

　　有了理论支持，下面开始实战。

　　expdp导出Oracle数据库

　　1.在sqlplus下创建Directory， 优点在于让我们可以在Oracle数据库中灵活的对文件进行读写操作，极大的提高了Oracle的易用性和可扩展性。

　　命令：createdirectory oracleDB as 'D:OracleDB';

　　2.把读写权限授予特定用户

　　命令：Grantread,write on directory oracleDB to radpcs;

　　3.在dos窗口执行expdp导出命令

　　命令：expdp radpcs/ictradpcs@rdpcs directory=oracleDB dumpfile =20150226.dmp logfile=20150226.logFULL=y;

　　到此导出工作完成，下面讲解如何用impdp导入Oracle数据库。

　　impdp导入Oracle数据库

　　
1.以sysdba级别登录Oracle数据库

　　命令：--sqlplus /nolog

　　--conn system/system@radpcs as sysdba

　　2.创建数据表空间

　　命令：

　　--创建数据表空间

　　CREATE TABLESPACE RADPCS_DATA

　　LOGGING

　　DATAFILE 'D:OracleDBradpcs_DATA.DBF' SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND

　　ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 16383M EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM

　　SIZE 1024K;

　　--创建索引表空间

　　CREATE TABLESPACE RADPCS_INDX

　　LOGGING

　　DATAFILE 'D:OracleDBradpcs_INDX.DBF' SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND

　　ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 16383M EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM

　　SIZE 1024K;

　　这步很关键，创建的表空间需要和原Oracle表空间名称、个数相同，否则会导入失败。如果不知道原表空间名称、个数，就先创建一个临时的表空间进行导入，导入过程中根据错误提示，比如“RADPCS1_DATA表空间不存在”提示，缺哪个创建哪个。

　　3.创建用户、对用户授权

　　--创建用户

　　create user radpcs identified by ictradpcs

　　default tablespace radpcs_data

　　quota unlimited on radpcs_data

　　quota unlimited on radpcs_indx;

　　--授权

　　grant aq_administrator_role to radpcs;

　　grant aq_user_role to radpcs;

　　grant authenticateduser to radpcs;

　　grant connect to radpcs;

　　grant ctxapp to radpcs;

　　grant dba to radpcs;

　　grant delete_catalog_role to radpcs;

　　grant ejbclient to radpcs;

　　grant execute_catalog_role to radpcs;

　　grant exp_full_database to radpcs;

　　grant gather_system_statistics to radpcs;

　　grant hs_admin_role to radpcs;

　　grant imp_full_database to radpcs;

　　grant javadebugpriv to radpcs;

　　grant javaidpriv to radpcs;

　　grant javasyspriv to radpcs;

　　grant javauserpriv to radpcs;

　　grant java_admin to radpcs;

　　grant java_deploy to radpcs;

　　grant logstdby_administrator to radpcs;

　　grant oem_monitor to radpcs;

　　grant olap_dba to radpcs;

　　grant recovery_catalog_owner to radpcs;

　　grant resource to radpcs;

　　grant select_catalog_role to radpcs;

　　grant xdbadmin to radpcs;

　　-- Grant/Revoke system privileges

　　grant administer database trigger to radpcs;

　　grant alter any cluster to radpcs;

　　grant alter any dimension to radpcs;

　　grant alter any index to radpcs;

　　grant alter any indextype to radpcs;

　　grant alter any library to radpcs;

　　grant alter any outline to radpcs;

　　grant alter any procedure to radpcs;

　　grant alter any role to radpcs;

　　grant alter any sequence to radpcs;

　　grant alter any snapshot to radpcs;

　　grant alter any table to radpcs;

　　grant alter any trigger to radpcs;

　　grant alter any type to radpcs;

　　grant alter database to radpcs;

　　grant alter profile to radpcs;

　　grant alter resource cost to radpcs;

　　grant alter rollback segment to radpcs;

　　grant alter session to radpcs;

　　grant alter system to radpcs;

　　grant alter tablespace to radpcs;

　　grant alter user to radpcs;

　　grant analyze any to radpcs;

　　grant audit any to radpcs;

　　grant audit system to radpcs;

　　grant backup any table to radpcs;

　　grant become user to radpcs;

　　grant comment any table to radpcs;

　　grant create any cluster to radpcs;

　　grant create any context to radpcs;

　　grant create any dimension to radpcs;

　　grant create any directory to radpcs;

　　grant create any index to radpcs;

　　grant create any indextype to radpcs;

　　grant create any library to radpcs;

　　grant create any operator to radpcs;

　　grant create any outline to radpcs;

　　grant create any procedure to radpcs;

　　grant create any sequence to radpcs;

　　grant create any snapshot to radpcs;

　　grant create any synonym to radpcs;

　　grant create any table to radpcs;

　　grant create any trigger to radpcs;

　　grant create any type to radpcs;

　　grant create any view to radpcs;

　　grant create cluster to radpcs;

　　grant create database link to radpcs;

　　grant create dimension to radpcs;

　　grant create indextype to radpcs;

　　grant create library to radpcs;

　　grant create operator to radpcs;

　　grant create procedure to radpcs;

　　grant create profile to radpcs;

　　grant create public database link to radpcs;

　　grant create public synonym to radpcs;

　　grant create role to radpcs;

　　grant create rollback segment to radpcs;

　　grant create sequence to radpcs;

　　grant create session to radpcs;

　　grant create snapshot to radpcs;

　　grant create synonym to radpcs;

　　grant create table to radpcs;

　　grant create tablespace to radpcs;

　　grant create trigger to radpcs;

　　grant create type to radpcs;

　　grant create user to radpcs;

　　grant create view to radpcs;

　　grant debug any procedure to radpcs;

　　grant debug connect session to radpcs;

　　grant delete any table to radpcs;

　　grant drop any cluster to radpcs;

　　grant drop any context to radpcs;

　　grant drop any dimension to radpcs;

　　grant drop any directory to radpcs;

　　grant drop any index to radpcs;

　　grant drop any indextype to radpcs;

　　grant drop any library to radpcs;

　　grant drop any operator to radpcs;

　　grant drop any outline to radpcs;

　　grant drop any procedure to radpcs;

　　grant drop any role to radpcs;

　　grant drop any sequence to radpcs;

　　grant drop any snapshot to radpcs;

　　grant drop any synonym to radpcs;

　　grant drop any table to radpcs;

　　grant drop any trigger to radpcs;

　　grant drop any type to radpcs;

　　grant drop any view to radpcs;

　　grant drop profile to radpcs;

　　grant drop public database link to radpcs;

　　grant drop public synonym to radpcs;

　　grant drop rollback segment to radpcs;

　　grant drop tablespace to radpcs;

　　grant drop user to radpcs;

　　grant execute any indextype to radpcs;

　　grant execute any library to radpcs;

　　grant execute any operator to radpcs;

　　grant execute any procedure to radpcs;

　　grant execute any type to radpcs;

　　grant flashback any table to radpcs;

　　grant force any transaction to radpcs;

　　grant force transaction to radpcs;

　　grant global query rewrite to radpcs;

　　grant grant any object privilege to radpcs;

　　grant grant any privilege to radpcs;

　　grant grant any role to radpcs;

　　grant insert any table to radpcs;

　　grant lock any table to radpcs;

　　grant manage tablespace to radpcs;

　　grant on commit refresh to radpcs;

　　grant query rewrite to radpcs;

　　grant restricted session to radpcs;

　　grant resumable to radpcs;

　　grant select any sequence to radpcs;

　　grant select any table to radpcs;

　　grant under any table to radpcs;

　　grant under any type to radpcs;

　　grant under any view to radpcs;

　　grant unlimited tablespace to radpcs;

　　grant update any table to radpcs;

　　grant select on dba_free_space to radpcs;

　　grant select on dba_data_files to radpcs;

　　4.在sqlplus下创建Directory

　　命令：createdirectory oracleDB as 'D:OracleDB';

　　
5.把读写权限授予特定用户

　　命令：Grantread,write on directory oracleDB to radpcs;

　　6.在dos窗口执行impdp导入命令

　　命令：impdp radpcs/ictradpcs@rdpcs directory=oracleDB dumpfile=20150226.dmp logfile=20150226.log;

　　漫长的等待后，dos窗口会提示导出完成。如果导入过程出错，会提示错误信息(只要数据完整，一些错误可以忽略)。