Java之泛型【入门版，实例解析】

package fanxing;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Vector;
import java.util.HashSet;

public class GenericDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args){
		//泛型只在编译阶段有效---》请参看集合章节代码
		ArrayList<String>list = new ArrayList<String>();
		list.add("hello");
		list.add("world");

		ArrayList list1 = new ArrayList();
		System.out.println(list.getClass() == list1.getClass());
		System.out.println("=========================");
		//参数化类型可以引用原始类型
		ArrayList<String> obj1 = new ArrayList();
		obj1.add("hello");
		//obj1.add(100);只能放String类型在编译阶段
		//原始类型也可以引用参数化类型
		ArrayList obj2 = new ArrayList<String>();
		obj2.add("hello");
		obj2.add(100);
		System.out.println("========================");
		//参数化类型不考虑继承关系
		//ArrayList<Object> obj = new ArrayList<String>();不可以
		//ArrayList<String> obj = new ArrayList<Object>();//不可以
		Vector v1 = new Vector<String>();
		Vector<Object>v = v1;
		System.out.println("+++++++++++++++++++++++");
		print(list);
		HashSet<Integer> hs = new HashSet<Integer>();
		hs.add(100);
		print(hs);
		//泛型实例化的时候必须是Number or 其子类
		Vector<? extends Number>x = new Vector<Integer>();
		//Vector<? extends Number> y = new Vector<Object>();//错误的
		//实例化的时候必须是Integer 的父类包换integer 通配符总是包含自己
		Vector<? super Integer> x1 = new Vector<Number>();
		Vector <? super Integer> x2 = new Vector<Integer>();
		print(10,10);//print(int a,int b);
		print(10.5,10.2);//print(double a,double b);
		B<Integer> b = new B<Integer>(10,10);
		//class B{int a,b;public B(int a,int b){this.a = a;this.b =b;}}
		B<String> b1 = new B<String>("hello","world");
		b.print();

		b1.print();
		C  c = new C<Integer,String>(10,"hello");
		C<Double ,Double> c2 = new C<Double ,Double>(10.2,10.3);
		//c.print();
	}
	public static void print(Collection<?> collection){
		//方法内部只调用与泛型无关的方法
		System.out.println(collection.size());
		//collection.add();add 方法参数是泛型的，所以不能用
	}
	//写一个泛型的方法
	public static <T> void print(T a, T b){
		System.out.println(a+"  "+b);
	}
}
interface Dao<T>{
	public T findById();
	public List<T> findAll();
}
class DaoSupport <T> implements Dao<T>{

	@Override
	public List<T> findAll() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		List<T> list = new ArrayList<T>(); 
		return list;
	}

	@Override
	public T findById() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}



}
//class UserDao extends DaoSupport<User>{
//	
//}
class XXDao extends DaoSupport<String>{

}
//最简单的泛型类
class B<T>{
	T a,b;
	public B(T a,T b){
		this.a = a;
		this.b = b;
	}
	public void print(){
		System.out.println(a+"  "+b );
	}
}
class C<T,E>{
	private T a;
	private E b;
	public C(T a,E b){
		this.a = a;
		this.b = b;
	}
}