英语单词学习宝典：全面掌握词汇的高效指南（4）

1. Formal

Pronunciation: /ˈfɔːrməl/
Part of Speech: Adjective (adj.)
Definition:

• English: Following established conventions or rules; official.

• Chinese: 正式的 (Conforming to etiquette, rules, or official standards, often used for occasions, attire, or behavior.)

Example Sentences:

• The dinner was a formal event, so everyone wore suits.
  (晚宴是个正式场合，所以大家都穿西装。)

• He gave a formal apology for his mistake.
  (他为自己的错误正式道歉。)

Synonyms:

• Official (官方的)

• Ceremonial (仪式的)
  Antonyms:

• Informal (非正式的)

• Casual (随意的)

Root Analysis:

• "form" (shape, form) + "-al" (adjective suffix) = "having a form" or "conforming to norms."

Memory Tip:

• Think of "formal" as "form" + "al" – something with a proper "form" follows rules.

Practice:

1. Spell the word: __________ (Answer: formal)

2. Fill in: The meeting was very ___ with a strict agenda. (Answer: formal)

3. Choose: Synonym of "formal"? a) casual b) official c) relaxed (Answer: b)

4. Translate: "她穿了一件正式的礼服。" (Answer: She wore a formal dress.)

5. Write a sentence using "formal."

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2. Uniform

Pronunciation: /ˈjuːnɪfɔːrm/
Part of Speech: Noun (n.) / Adjective (adj.)
Definition:

• English: A special set of clothes worn by a group; consistent or identical.

• Chinese: 制服；一致的 (Noun: clothing for a specific group; Adjective: sameness or consistency.)

Example Sentences:

• The students wore school uniforms.
  (学生们穿着校服。)

• The temperature remained uniform throughout the day.
  (全天温度保持一致。)

Synonyms:

• Outfit (服装)

• Consistent (一致的)
  Antonyms:

• Varied (多样的)

• Diverse (不同的)

Root Analysis:

• "uni-" (one) + "form" (shape) = "of one form" or "the same shape."

Memory Tip:

• "Uniform" = "uni" (one) + "form" – everyone in "one form" looks the same.

Practice:

1. Spell the word: __________ (Answer: uniform)

2. Fill in: The soldiers wore the same ___. (Answer: uniform)

3. Choose: Antonym of "uniform"? a) consistent b) varied c) identical (Answer: b)

4. Translate: "他们的表现非常一致。" (Answer: Their performance was very uniform.)

5. Write a sentence using "uniform."

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3. Reform

Pronunciation: /rɪˈfɔːrm/
Part of Speech: Verb (v.) / Noun (n.)
Definition:

• English: To make changes to improve something; the act of improving.

• Chinese: 改革；改进 (Changing to improve systems, behaviors, etc.)

Example Sentences:

• The government plans to reform the education system.
  (政府计划改革教育系统。)

• The reforms led to better working conditions.
  (改革带来了更好的工作条件。)

Synonyms:

• Improve (改进)

• Revise (修订)
  Antonyms:

• Deteriorate (恶化)

• Worsen (变糟)

Root Analysis:

• "re-" (again) + "form" (shape) = "to shape again" or "reshape for improvement."

Memory Tip:

• "Reform" = "re" (again) + "form" – reshape something to make it better.

Practice:

1. Spell the word: __________ (Answer: reform)

2. Fill in: They want to ___ the outdated laws. (Answer: reform)

3. Choose: Synonym of "reform"? a) worsen b) improve c) destroy (Answer: b)

4. Translate: "这些改革非常成功。" (Answer: These reforms were very successful.)

5. Write a sentence using "reform."

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4. Formation

Pronunciation: /fɔːrˈmeɪʃən/
Part of Speech: Noun (n.)
Definition:

• English: The process of being formed; a structure or arrangement.

• Chinese: 形成；结构 (The act or result of forming something.)

Example Sentences:

• The formation of the new government took months.
  (新政府的形成花了几个月。)

• The rock formation was shaped by erosion.
  (岩石结构是由侵蚀形成的。)

Synonyms:

• Creation (创造)

• Structure (结构)
  Antonyms:

• Destruction (破坏)

• Disintegration (瓦解)

Root Analysis:

• "form" (shape) + "-ation" (noun suffix) = "the process or result of forming."

Memory Tip:

• "Formation" = "form" + "ation" – the act of giving shape.

Practice:

1. Spell the word: __________ (Answer: formation)

2. Fill in: The ___ of the team was impressive. (Answer: formation)

3. Choose: Antonym of "formation"? a) creation b) destruction c) development (Answer: b)

4. Translate: "云的形成很有趣。" (Answer: The formation of clouds is interesting.)

5. Write a sentence using "formation."

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5. Format

Pronunciation: /ˈfɔːrmæt/
Part of Speech: Noun (n.) / Verb (v.)
Definition:

• English: The way something is arranged or presented; to arrange in a specific way.

• Chinese: 格式；编排 (Used for documents, media, or events.)

Example Sentences:

• The document is in PDF format.
  (文件是PDF格式的。)

• Please format the report according to the guidelines.
  (请按照指南编排报告。)

Synonyms:

• Layout (布局)

• Arrange (安排)
  Antonyms:

• Disorder (混乱)

Root Analysis:

• "form" (shape) + "-at" (noun suffix) = "a structured form."

Memory Tip:

• "Format" = "form" + "at" – arranged in a specific "form."

Practice:

1. Spell the word: __________ (Answer: format)

2. Fill in: The video is in high-definition ___. (Answer: format)

3. Choose: Synonym of "format"? a) chaos b) layout c) mess (Answer: b)

4. Translate: "请格式化这个文档。" (Answer: Please format this document.)

5. Write a sentence using "format."

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6. Conform

Pronunciation: /kənˈfɔːrm/
Part of Speech: Verb (v.)
Definition:

• English: To comply with rules, standards, or expectations.

• Chinese: 符合；顺应 (Following norms or adapting to circumstances.)

Example Sentences:

• The design must conform to safety regulations.
  (设计必须符合安全规定。)

• He refused to conform to societal norms.
  (他拒绝顺应社会规范。)

Synonyms:

• Comply (遵守)

• Adapt (适应)
  Antonyms:

• Rebel (反抗)

• Deviate (偏离)

Root Analysis:

• "con-" (together) + "form" (shape) = "to form together" or "align with others."

Memory Tip:

• "Conform" = "con" (together) + "form" – forming together means following the group.

Practice:

1. Spell the word: __________ (Answer: conform)

2. Fill in: You must ___ to the rules. (Answer: conform)

3. Choose: Antonym of "conform"? a) comply b) rebel c) adapt (Answer: b)

4. Translate: "他不愿意顺应潮流。" (Answer: He is unwilling to conform to trends.)

5. Write a sentence using "conform."

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7. Formulate

Pronunciation: /ˈfɔːrmjəleɪt/
Part of Speech: Verb (v.)
Definition:

• English: To create or prepare methodically.

• Chinese: 制定；构想 (Systematically devising plans or ideas.)

Example Sentences:

• Scientists formulated a new hypothesis.
  (科学家们提出了一个新假设。)

• The committee will formulate a plan.
  (委员会将制定一个计划。)

Synonyms:

• Devise (设计)

• Develop (发展)
  Antonyms:

• Destroy (破坏)

• Disorganize (打乱)

Root Analysis:

• "form" (shape) + "-ulate" (verb suffix) = "to shape or create."

Memory Tip:

• "Formulate" = "form" + "ulate" – shaping something carefully, like a plan.

Practice:

1. Spell the word: __________ (Answer: formulate)

2. Fill in: They need to ___ a strategy. (Answer: formulate)

3. Choose: Synonym of "formulate"? a) destroy b) devise c) ruin (Answer: b)

4. Translate: "她制定了一个详细的计划。" (Answer: She formulated a detailed plan.)

5. Write a sentence using "formulate."

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8. Perform

Pronunciation: /pərˈfɔːrm/
Part of Speech: Verb (v.)
Definition:

• English: To carry out an action or present a performance.

• Chinese: 表演；执行 (Artistic performance or task execution.)

Example Sentences:

• The band will perform at the concert.
  (乐队将在音乐会上表演。)

• He performed his duties well.
  (他很好地履行了职责。)

Synonyms:

• Execute (执行)

• Act (行动)
  Antonyms:

• Neglect (忽视)

• Fail (失败)

Root Analysis:

• "per-" (through) + "form" (shape) = "to shape through" or "complete fully."

Memory Tip:

• "Perform" = "per" (through) + "form" – completing something thoroughly.

Practice:

1. Spell the word: __________ (Answer: perform)

2. Fill in: The actor will ___ in the play. (Answer: perform)

3. Choose: Antonym of "perform"? a) execute b) neglect c) act (Answer: b)

4. Translate: "他出色地完成了任务。" (Answer: He performed the task excellently.)

5. Write a sentence using "perform."

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9. Inform

Pronunciation: /ɪnˈfɔːrm/
Part of Speech: Verb (v.)
Definition:

• English: To give knowledge or information to someone.

• Chinese: 通知；告知 (Providing information or knowledge.)

Example Sentences:

• Please inform me of any changes.
  (请通知我任何变化。)

• The teacher informed the students about the exam.
  (老师告知学生考试事宜。)

Synonyms:

• Notify (通知)

• Tell (告诉)
  Antonyms:

• Misinform (误导)

• Conceal (隐瞒)

Root Analysis:

• "in-" (into) + "form" (shape) = "to shape into knowledge" or "put information in."

Memory Tip:

• "Inform" = "in" (into) + "form" – putting info into someone’s mind.

Practice:

1. Spell the word: __________ (Answer: inform)

2. Fill in: The manager will ___ the team tomorrow. (Answer: inform)

3. Choose: Synonym of "inform"? a) mislead b) notify c) hide (Answer: b)

4. Translate: "请告知我结果。" (Answer: Please inform me of the result.)

5. Write a sentence using "inform."

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10. Notify

Pronunciation: /ˈnoʊtɪfaɪ/
Part of Speech: Verb (v.)
Definition:

• English: To inform someone officially about something.

• Chinese: 通知；告知 (Formal or official communication.)

Example Sentences:

• The school will notify parents of the schedule change.
  (学校将通知家长时间表的变更。)

• Please notify me when you arrive.
  (请在你到达时通知我。)

Synonyms:

• Inform (告知)

• Announce (宣布)
  Antonyms:

• Conceal (隐瞒)

• Withhold (保留)

Root Analysis:

• "not" (know) + "-ify" (make) = "to make known."

Memory Tip:

• "Notify" = "note" (notice) + "ify" – make a note to tell someone.

Practice:

1. Spell the word: __________ (Answer: notify)

2. Fill in: They will ___ us of the decision. (Answer: notify)

3. Choose: Antonym of "notify"? a) inform b) conceal c) tell (Answer: b)

4. Translate: "请提前通知我。" (Answer: Please notify me in advance.)

5. Write a sentence using "notify."

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11. Noticeable

Pronunciation: /ˈnoʊtɪsəbəl/
Part of Speech: Adjective (adj.)
Definition:

• English: Easily seen or noticed; significant.

• Chinese: 显而易见的；值得注意的 (Easily perceptible or noteworthy.)

Example Sentences:

• There was a noticeable improvement in his work.
  (他的工作中有了明显的改进。)

• The difference is hardly noticeable.
  (差异几乎不明显。)

Synonyms:

• Obvious (明显的)

• Apparent (显而易见的)
  Antonyms:

• Unnoticeable (不明显的)

• Invisible (看不见的)

Root Analysis:

• "notice" (observe) + "-able" (capable of) = "capable of being noticed."

Memory Tip:

• "Noticeable" = "notice" + "able" – something you can notice.

Practice:

1. Spell the word: __________ (Answer: noticeable)

2. Fill in: The change was barely ___. (Answer: noticeable)

3. Choose: Synonym of "noticeable"? a) invisible b) obvious c) hidden (Answer: b)

4. Translate: "他的进步很明显。" (Answer: His progress is noticeable.)

5. Write a sentence using "noticeable."

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12. Coast

Pronunciation: /koʊst/
Part of Speech: Noun (n.) / Verb (v.)
Definition:

• English: The land near the sea; to move easily without power.

• Chinese: 海岸；滑行 (Noun: seaside land; Verb: effortless movement.)

Example Sentences:

• They walked along the coast.
  (他们沿着海岸散步。)

• The car coasted down the hill.
  (汽车顺着山坡滑行。)

Synonyms:

• Shore (海岸)

• Glide (滑行)
  Antonyms:

• Inland (内陆)

• Struggle (挣扎)

Root Analysis:

• From Latin "costa" (rib), extended to mean "edge" or "boundary."

Memory Tip:

• "Coast" sounds like waves hitting the shore – imagine the seaside.

Practice:

1. Spell the word: __________ (Answer: coast)

2. Fill in: We drove along the ___. (Answer: coast)

3. Choose: Synonym of "coast"? a) inland b) shore c) mountain (Answer: b)

4. Translate: "汽车在下坡时滑行。" (Answer: The car coasted downhill.)

5. Write a sentence using "coast."

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13. Toast

Pronunciation: /toʊst/
Part of Speech: Noun (n.) / Verb (v.)
Definition:

• English: Bread browned by heat; to drink in honor of someone.

• Chinese: 烤面包；祝酒 (Food or a celebratory act.)

Example Sentences:

• I had toast for breakfast.
  (我早餐吃了烤面包。)

• Let’s toast to the happy couple!
  (让我们为这对新人干杯！)

Synonyms:

• Bread (面包)

• Salute (敬礼)
  Antonyms:

• (No direct antonyms)

Root Analysis:

• From Latin "tostus" (roasted), related to "torrere" (to roast).

Memory Tip:

• "Toast" sounds like "tōu sī" (偷丝) in Chinese – imagine stealing crispy bread!

Practice:

1. Spell the word: __________ (Answer: toast)

2. Fill in: We made a ___ to their success. (Answer: toast)

3. Choose: Synonym of "toast" (verb)? a) eat b) salute c) drink (Answer: b)

4. Translate: "他在婚礼上祝酒。" (Answer: He made a toast at the wedding.)

5. Write a sentence using "toast."

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14. Seaside

Pronunciation: /ˈsiːsaɪd/
Part of Speech: Noun (n.)
Definition:

• English: The area near the sea, especially for vacations.

• Chinese: 海滨；海边 (A seaside area, often for leisure.)

Example Sentences:

• We spent the weekend at the seaside.
  (我们在海滨度过了周末。)

• The seaside town is popular with tourists.
  (这个海滨小镇很受游客欢迎。)

Synonyms:

• Coast (海岸)

• Beach (海滩)
  Antonyms:

• Inland (内陆)

Root Analysis:

• "sea" (ocean) + "side" (edge) = "the side of the sea."

Memory Tip:

• "Seaside" = "sea" + "side" – right by the sea, simple and direct.

Practice:

1. Spell the word: __________ (Answer: seaside)

2. Fill in: They built a house by the ___. (Answer: seaside)

3. Choose: Synonym of "seaside"? a) inland b) coast c) mountain (Answer: b)

4. Translate: "海滨度假很放松。" (Answer: A seaside vacation is relaxing.)

5. Write a sentence using "seaside."

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15. Sail

Pronunciation: /seɪl/
Part of Speech: Verb (v.) / Noun (n.)
Definition:

• English: To travel on water using sails or an engine; the fabric catching wind.

• Chinese: 航行；帆 (Verb: water travel; Noun: sailcloth.)

Example Sentences:

• They sailed across the ocean.
  (他们航行穿越大洋。)

• The boat has a large sail.
  (船上有一个大帆。)

Synonyms:

• Navigate (航行)

• Cruise (巡航)
  Antonyms:

• Anchor (停泊)

• Dock (停靠)

Root Analysis:

• From Old English "segel" (sail), tied to wind-powered travel.

Memory Tip:

• "Sail" sounds like "sale" – imagine selling wind to move the boat.

Practice:

1. Spell the word: __________ (Answer: sail)

2. Fill in: The ship will ___ tomorrow. (Answer: sail)

3. Choose: Antonym of "sail"? a) navigate b) anchor c) cruise (Answer: b)

4. Translate: "他们扬帆出海。" (Answer: They set sail for the sea.)

5. Write a sentence using "sail."

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16. Shore

Pronunciation: /ʃɔːr/
Part of Speech: Noun (n.)
Definition:

• English: The land along the edge of a sea, lake, or river.

• Chinese: 海岸；湖岸 (The boundary between water and land.)

Example Sentences:

• They walked along the shore collecting shells.
  (他们沿着海岸散步，收集贝壳。)

• The boat approached the shore.
  (船靠近了岸边。)

Synonyms:

• Coast (海岸)

• Beach (海滩)
  Antonyms:

• Sea (海洋)

• Inland (内陆)

Root Analysis:

• From Old English "sceoru" (shore), related to a "cut" or division between land and water.

Memory Tip:

• "Shore" sounds like "sure" – you’re "sure" of safety when you reach the shore.

Practice:

1. Spell the word: __________ (Answer: shore)

2. Fill in: The waves crashed on the ___. (Answer: shore)

3. Choose: Synonym of "shore"? a) sea b) coast c) ocean (Answer: b)

4. Translate: "他们在湖岸边野餐。" (Answer: They picnicked by the shore of the lake.)

5. Write a sentence using "shore."