CentOS 7系统中LNMP环境搭建 - MySQL8.0.17编译安装

一、清理环境
1、首先查询系统是否安装了MySQL

[root@localhost etc]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64
mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch
mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64

2、查询到已安装的MySQL库后，执行以下命令依次卸载

yum remove mysql-xxx-xxx

若没有查询到，表示没有安装Mysql库，可直接跳过此步。

二、删除MariaDB的文件
由于 在CentOS中默认安装有MariaDB，所以如果我们不删除MariaDB文件的话，安装mysql时就会发生冲突。
1、使用rpm 命令查找出要删除的mariadb文件：

rpm -pa | grep mariadb

2、可能出现的结果：

mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64

3、删除上面的程序

yum -y remove mariadb-libs.x86_64

至此，原有的mysql和mariadb数据库就删除了

三、下载并安装mysql
1、安装mysql官网提供的mysql repo源
官网下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
选择red hat版：

复制下载地址：

2、下载镜像

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

3、安装镜像

rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

4、安装所有更新软件

yum update

更新过程中有[y/n]提示，按y就好；

5、安装MySQL

yum install mysql-server

大概有2G，请耐心等待安装完成；

默认配置文件路径：
配置文件：/etc/my.cnf
日志文件：var/log/mysqld.log
服务启动脚本：/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
socket文件：/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

四、初始化MySQL

mysqld --initialize

五、启动mysql服务

systemctl start mysqld

报错 提示：

Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status mysqld.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

解决方法：改变拥有者和群组：

chown mysql:mysql -R /var/lib/mysql

再次启动就可以了：

systemctl start mysqld

六、设置mysql开机自动启动

systemctl enable mysqld.service

七、查看运行状态

[root@fxt src]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2019-08-09 13:33:36 CST; 5min ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
 Main PID: 7126 (mysqld)
   Status: "Server is operational"
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─7126 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Aug 09 13:33:35 fxt systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Aug 09 13:33:36 fxt systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

八、查看当前mysql安装版本

[root@fxt src]# mysqladmin --version
mysqladmin  Ver 8.0.17 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

九、修改初始密码
1、编辑MyQL配置文件添加以下内容

vim /etc/my.cnf

default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password #配置文件本来就有去掉注释即可
symbolic-links=0
skip-grant-tables

保存后退出
2、重启MySQL服务

systemctl restart mysqld

3、无密码登录MySQL

[root@fxt src]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.17 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

Enter password：直接敲回车

4、选择数据库

use mysql;

5、将原密码设置为空

update user set authentication_string='' where user='root';

成功示例：

mysql> update user set authentication_string='' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

6、退出mysql, 删除/etc/my.cnf文件最后的 skip-grant-tables 重启mysql服务；
7、 使用root用户进行登录，因为上面设置了authentication_string为空，所以可以免密码登录；

[root@fxt src]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.17

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

8、将root密码设置Haha@123

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Haha@123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

9、选择数据库

use mysql;

10、将host更改% 方便远程接入

mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

11、使用已经设置的密码来更改加密方式

ALTER USER ‘root’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘Haha@123’ PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;

如果报错，则跳过此步骤

12、使用新的加密方式重新设置密码

mysql> alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'Haha@123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

13、刷新

flush privileges;

14、重启MySQL服务

systemctl restart mysqld