Linux进阶之路——shell脚本解决系统管理常见问题

一、编写shell脚本,求1到100的和

#!/bin/sh
sum=0
i=1
while test $i -le 100
do
    sum=`expr $sum + $i`
    i=$(expr $i + 1)
done
echo $sum

二、编写shell脚本,从键盘输入两个数,求这两个数的和

#!/bin/sh
read a
read b
echo $(expr $a + $b)

三、编写shell脚本,从键盘输入一个文件名,查找该文件的路径并给出路径信息

#!/bin/sh

read name
find / -name $name -print 2>/dev/null
#!/bin/bash
echo "Tell me which file do you want:"
read file
find / -name $file 2>/dev/null -print |
while read filename
do 
   ls -l $filename
done

exit 0

四、调试运行CD唱片应用程序

    #! /bin/bash  
    # CD唱片应用程序,所有的函数原型如下:  
    # get_return(): 获取返回字符(回车,在Linux中为换行符'/n')  
    # get_confirm(): 获取确认字符(y,yes或n,no等)  
    # set_menu_choice(): 显示菜单  
    # insert_title(): 插入唱片信息  
    # insert_track(): 插入曲目信息  
    # add_record_tracks(): 添加曲目记录(可一次添加多个曲目)  
    # add_records(): 添加或唱片记录(根据确认也可以执行删除操作)  
    # find_cd(): 查找并显示唱片信息  
    # update_cd(): 更新唱片的所有曲目  
    # count_cds(): 统计唱片数目和曲目总数  
    # remove_records(): 从数据库中删除唱片  
    # list_tracks(): 列出指定唱片的所有曲目  
    menu_choice=""                 # 当前选中的菜单项  
    current_cd=""                  # 用户当前选中的唱片  
    title_file="title.cdb"         # 唱片信息的数据库文件  
    tracks_file="tracks.cdb"       # 曲目信息的数据库文件  
    temp_file=/tmp/cdb.$$          # 临时文件  
    trap "rm -f $temp_file" EXIT   # 对Ctrl+C的中断处理  
    # 工具型函数:获取返回字符  
    get_return(){  
        echo -e "Press return /c"  
        read x  
        return 0
    }
    # 工具型函数:获取确认字符  
    get_confirm(){  
        echo -e "Are you sure? /c"  
        while true; do  
            read x
            case "$x" in
                 y | yes | Y | Yes | YES )
                    return 0;;
                n | no | N | No | NO )  
                    echo  
                    echo "Cancelled"  
                    return 1;;  
                *)  echo "Please enter yes or no";;  
            esac  
        done  
    }  
    # 主菜单函数:当用户选中某张CD唱片后,主菜单会多出几个选项  
    set_menu_choice(){  
        clear  
        echo "Options :-"  
        echo  
        echo "   a) Add new CD"  
        echo "   f) Find CD"  
        echo "   c) Count the CDs and tracks in the catalog"  
        if [ "$cdcatnum" != "" ]; then   # 当前唱片编号不为空,即用户选中了某张CD  
            echo "   1) List tracks on $cdtitle"  
            echo "   r) Remove $cdtitle"  
            echo "   u) Update track information for $cdtitle"  
        fi  
        echo "   q) Quit"  
        echo  
        echo -e "Please enter choice then press return /c"  
        read menu_choice   # 选择菜单项,并按回车  
        return  
    }  
    # 插入唱片信息  
    insert_title(){  
        echo $* >> $title_file  
        return  
    }  
    # 插入曲目信息  
    insert_track(){  
        echo $* >> $tracks_file  
        return  
    }  
    # 添加曲目记录:可一次添加多个曲目  
    add_record_tracks(){  
        echo "Enter track information for this CD"  
        echo "When no more tracks enter q" # 有多个曲目时用q表示结束  
        cdtrack=1   # 当前曲目的编号  
        cdttitle=""  
        while [ "$cdttitle" != "q" ]; do  
            echo -e "Track $cdtrack, track title? /c"  
            read tmp # 读入曲目的名称  
            cdttitle=${tmp%%,*} # 不能有逗号:截掉逗号及后面部分  
            if [ "$tmp" != "$cdttitle" ]; then  
                echo "Sorry, no commas allowed"  
                continue  
            fi  
            if [ -n "$cdttitle" ]; then   # 若曲目名称不空且不是结束符q  
                if [ "$cdttitle" != "q" ]; then  
                    insert_track $cdcatnum,$cdtrack,$cdttitle # 插入曲目记录:唱片目录编号、曲目编号、曲目名  
                fi  
            else   # 否则曲目名称为空,编号不变(这里先减1,后面还会加1)  
                cdtrack=$((cdtrack-1))  
            fi  
            cdtrack=$((cdtrack+1))   # 编号加1  
        done  
    }  
    # 添加或唱片记录(根据确认也可以执行删除操作)  
    add_records(){  
        echo -e "Enter catalog number /c"  
        read tmp # 读入唱片的类别编号  
        cdcatnum=${tmp%%,*} # 不能有逗号  
        echo -e "Enter title /c"  
        read tmp # 读入唱片标题  
        cdtitle=${tmp%%,*}  

        echo -e "Enter type /c"  
        read tmp # 读入唱片类型  
        cdtype=${tmp%%,*}  

        echo -e "Enter artist/composer /c"  
        read tmp # 读入作曲家  
        cdac=${tmp%%,*}  
        echo "About to add new entry"  
        echo "$cdcatnum $cdtitle $cdtype $cdac"  
        if get_confirm; then # 若确认为插入(y,yes),则插入唱片记录  
            insert_title $cdcatnu,$cdtitle,$cdtype,$cdac  
            add_record_tracks # 在该唱片中插入曲目  
        else  
            remove_records # 否则确认为删除(n,no),则删除唱片信息  
        fi  
        return  
    }  
    # 查找并显示唱片信息  
    find_cd(){  
        if [ "$1" = "n" ]; then  
            asklist=n   # 表示只显示唱片信息,不显示其下的所有曲目信息  
        else  
            asklist=y   # 表示显示唱片及其中的所有曲目信息  
        fi  
        cdcatnum=""  
        echo -e "Enter a string to search for in the CD titles /c"  
        read searchstr  
        if [ "$searchstr" = "" ]; then  
            return 0;  
        fi  
        grep "$searchstr" $title_file > $temp_file # 从数据库查找指定标题的唱片信息,放到temp_file文件中  

        set $(wc -l $temp_file) # 统计唱片数量,wc统计文件的行数、单词数、字符数,输出的第1列就是行数信息  
        linefound=$1  
        case "$linefound" in  
            0) echo "Sorry, nothing found"   # 没有找到唱片记录  
               get_return  
               return 0  
               ;;  
            1) ;;  
            2) echo "Sorry, not unique."   # 找到两条相同的唱片记录  
               echo "Found the following"  
               cat $temp_file  
               get_return 
               return 0  
               ;;  
        esac  
        IFS=","  
        read cdcatnum cdtitle cdtype cdac < $temp_file # 读取找到的唱片信息的各个数据段  
        IFS=""  
        if [ -z "$cdcatnum" ]; then  
            echo "Sorry, could not extract catalog field from $temp_file"  
            get_return  
            return 0  
        fi  
        # 显示各个数据段  
        echo  
        echo "Catalog number: $cdcatnum"  
        echo "Title: $cdtitle"  
        echo "Type: $cdtype"  
        echo "Artist/Composer: $cdac"  
        echo  
        get_return  
        if [ "$asklist" = "y" ]; then  
            echo -e "View tracks for this CD? /c"  
                read x # 问是否显示该唱片下的曲目信息  
            if [ "$x" = "y" ]; then  
                echo  
                list_tracks  
                echo  
            fi  
        fi  
        return 1  
    }  
    # 更新唱片的所有曲目  
    update_cd(){  
        if [ -z "$cdcatnum" ]; then  
            echo "You must select a CD first"  
            find_cd n  
        fi  
        if [ -n "$cdcatnum" ]; then  
            echo "Current tracks are :-"  
            list_tracks  
            echo  
            echo "This will re-enter the tracks for $cdtitle"  
            get_confirm && { # 语句块,当get_confirm返回true时才会执行  
                grep -v "^${cdcatnum}," $tracks_file > $temp_file # 删除该唱片下的所有曲目  
                mv $temp_file $tracks_file  
                echo  
                add_record_tracks # 输入新的曲目  
            }  
        fi  
        return  
    }  
    # 统计唱片数目和曲目总数  
    count_cds(){  
        set $(wc -l $title_file)  
        num_titles=$1  
        set $(wc -l $tracks_file)  
        num_tracks=$1  
        echo "found $num_titles CDs, with a total of $num_tracks tracks"  
        get_return  
        return  
    }  
    # 从数据库中删除唱片  
    remove_records(){  
        if [ -z "$cdcatnum" ]; then  
            echo "You must select a CD first"  
            find_cd n  
        fi  
        if [ -n "$cdcatnum" ]; then  
            echo "You are about to delete $cdtitle"  
            get_confirm && { # 语句块:当get_confirm返回true时才会执行  
                # grep -v表示输出与正则表达式不匹配的行  
                grep -v "^${cdcatnum}," $title_file > $temp_file # 删除指定的唱片  
                mv $temp_file $title_file  
                grep -v "^${cdcatnum}," $tracks_file > $temp_file # 删除该唱片下的所有曲目  
                mv $temp_file $tracks_file  
                cdcatnum=""  
                echo "Entry removed"  
            }  
            get_return  
        fi  
        return  
    }   
    # 列出指定唱片的所有曲目  
    list_tracks(){  
        if [ "$cdcatnum" = "" ]; then  
            echo "no CD selected yet"  
            return  
        else  
            grep "^${cdcatnum}," $tracks_file > $temp_file  
            num_tracks=$(wc -l $temp_file) # 统计指定唱片有多少曲目  
            if [ "$num_tracks" = "0" ]; then  
                echo "no tracks found for $cdtitle"  
            else { # 把整个语句块的输出用管道重定向到more命令  
                echo  
                echo "$cdtitle :-"  
                echo  
                cut -f2- -d, $temp_file # 列出每一行从第2个域(指定逗号为分隔符)开始的部分  
                echo  
            } | ${PAGER:-more} # 通过more命令按页输出  
            fi  
        fi  
        get_return  
        return  
    }  
    # 主程序  
    rm -f $temp_file  
    if [ ! -f $title_file ]; then  
        touch $title_file   # 唱片数据库文件  
    fi  
    if [ ! -f $tracks_file ]; then  
        touch $title_file   # 曲目数据库文件  
    fi  
    clear  
    echo  
    echo  
    echo "Mini CD manager"  
    #sleep 1  
    quit=n  
    while [ "$quit" != "y" ]; do  
        set_menu_choice # 调用主菜单函数,根据输出作相应操作  
        case "$menu_choice" in  
            a) add_records;;  
            r) remove_records;;  
            f) find_cd y;;  
            u) update_cd;;  
            c) count_cds;;  
            l) list_tracks;;  
            b)  
                echo  
                more $title_file  
                echo  
                get_return;;  
            q | Q) quit=y;;  
            *) echo "Sorry, choice not recognize";;  
        esac  
    done  
    rm -f $temp_file  
    echo "Finished"  
    exit 0  

五、编写shell脚本,找出系统中当前消耗磁盘容量最大的10个用户,并向他们发送警告邮件。

#!/bin/bash

du -a /home|sort -rn|sed 10q|
while read amount name
do 
    echo ${name##*/}
    mail -s warningmail ${name##*/}</home/xianfeng/mail.txt
done
exit 0

六、编写shell脚本,等待特定用户登录,每30s确认一次,一旦发现特定用户登录就向系统发送提示信息

#!/bin/bash

read user

until whoami|grep $user >/dev/null
do
  echo "等待" 
  sleep 30
done 

echo -e "\a"
echo "successful"

exit 0
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值