同步器--CyclicBarrier

/**
 * 淘宝面试题：如何充分利用多核CPU，计算很大的List中所有整数的和
 * @author weistar
 *
 */
public class CountListIntegerSum {
	private long sum;// 存放整数的和
	private CyclicBarrier barrier;// 障栅集合点(同步器)
	private List<Integer> list;// 整数集合List
	private int threadCounts;// 使用的线程数

	public CountListIntegerSum(List<Integer> list, int threadCounts) {
		this.list = list;
		this.threadCounts = threadCounts;
	}

	/**
	 * 获取List中所有整数的和
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	public long getIntegerSum() {
		ExecutorService exec = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(threadCounts);
		int len = list.size() / threadCounts;// 平均分割List
		// List中的数量没有线程数多（很少存在）
		if (len == 0) {
			threadCounts = list.size();// 采用一个线程处理List中的一个元素
			len = list.size() / threadCounts;// 重新平均分割List
			// len = 1;
		}
		// ***创建一个障栅，等待所有线程和主线程执行完毕
		barrier = new CyclicBarrier(threadCounts + 1);
		for (int i = 0; i < threadCounts; i++) {
			// 注意这里if else可用一条语句代替
			//exec.execute(new SubIntegerSumTask(list.subList(i * len, len * (i + 1) > list.size() ? list.size() : len * (i + 1))));
			
			// 创建线程任务
			if (i == threadCounts - 1) {// 最后一个线程承担剩下的所有元素的计算
				exec.execute(new SubIntegerSumTask(list.subList(i * len, list
						.size())));
			} else {
				exec.execute(new SubIntegerSumTask(list.subList(i * len,
								len * (i + 1) > list.size() ? list.size() : len
										* (i + 1))));
			}
		}
		try {
			barrier.await();// 关键，使该线程在障栅处等待，直到所有的线程都到达障栅处
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
					+ ":Interrupted");
		} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
					+ ":BrokenBarrier");
		}
		exec.shutdown();
		return sum;
	}

	/**
	 * 分割计算List整数和的线程任务
	 * 
	 * @author lishuai
	 * 
	 */
	class SubIntegerSumTask implements Runnable {
		private List<Integer> subList;

		public SubIntegerSumTask(List<Integer> subList) {
			this.subList = subList;
		}

		public void run() {
			long subSum = 0L;
			for (Integer i : subList) {
				subSum += i;
			}
			// 在CountListIntegerSum对象上同步
			// 线程共享变量sum在外部类中,所以应使用外部类对象作为锁
			synchronized (CountListIntegerSum.this) {
				sum += subSum;
			}
			try {
				barrier.await();// 关键，使该线程在障栅处等待，直到所有的线程都到达障栅处
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
						+ ":Interrupted");
			} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
				System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
						+ ":BrokenBarrier");
			}
			System.out.println("分配给线程：" + Thread.currentThread().getName()
					+ "那一部分List的整数和为：\tSubSum:" + subSum);
		}

	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
		int threadCounts = 10;// 采用的线程数
		// 生成的List数据
		for (int i = 1; i <= 1000000; i++) {
			list.add(i);
		}
		CountListIntegerSum countListIntegerSum = new CountListIntegerSum(list,
				threadCounts);
		long sum = countListIntegerSum.getIntegerSum();
		System.out.println("List中所有整数的和为:" + sum);
	}

}