podman加速器配置&Harbor

podman加速器配置

//配置加速器，不需要重启，立马生效
centos8：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/containers/registries.conf
[[registry]]
prefix="docker.io"
location="arq8p4a6.mirror.aliyuncs.com"


centos7：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/containers/registries.conf
[[docker.io]]
location="arq8p4a6.mirror.aliyuncs.com"


[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/containers/
[root@localhost containers]# ls
certs.d  oci  policy.json  registries.conf  registries.conf.d  registries.d  storage.conf
[root@localhost containers]# vi registries.conf
··············
[registries.search]
registries = ["docker.io"] 
··············

//拉取镜像
[root@localhost ~]# podman pull nginx      
Trying to pull docker.io/library/nginx:latest...      //默认找docker.io
Getting image source signatures
Copying blob 21e0df283cd6 done  
Copying blob e5ae68f74026 done  
Copying blob ed835de16acd done  
Copying blob 77700c52c969 done  
Copying blob 881ff011f1c9 done  
Copying blob 44be98c0fab6 done  
Copying config f652ca386e done  
Writing manifest to image destination
Storing signatures
f652ca386ed135a4cbe356333e08ef0816f81b2ac8d0619af01e2b256837ed3e

Harbor镜像仓库部署

Harbor

无论是使用Docker-distribution去自建仓库，还是通过官方镜像跑容器的方式去自建仓库，通过前面的演示我们可以发现其是非常的简陋的，还不如直接使用官方的Docker Hub去管理镜像来得方便，至少官方的Docker Hub能够通过web界面来管理镜像，还能在web界面执行搜索，还能基于Dockerfile利用Webhooks和Automated Builds实现自动构建镜像的功能，用户不需要在本地执行docker build，而是把所有build上下文的文件作为一个仓库推送到github上，让Docker Hub可以从github上去pull这些文件来完成自动构建。

但无论官方的Docker Hub有多强大，它毕竟是在国外，所以速度是最大的瓶颈，我们很多时候是不可能去考虑使用官方的仓库的，但是上面说的两种自建仓库方式又十分简陋，不便管理，所以后来就出现了一个被 CNCF 组织青睐的项目，其名为Harbor。

Harbor简介

Harbor是由VMWare在Docker Registry的基础之上进行了二次封装，加进去了很多额外程序，而且提供了一个非常漂亮的web界面。

Harbor是一个开源可信的云原生的仓库项目，用于存储、用户管理和查找镜像。
Harbor通过添加用户通常需要的功能，如安全、身份和管理，扩展了开源Docker分发版。
Harbor支持高级特性，如用户管理、访问控制、活动监视和实例之间的复制。

Harbor的功能

• 多租户内容签名和验证

• 安全性和漏洞分析

• 审计日志记录

• 身份集成和基于角色的访问控制

• 实例之间的映像复制

• 可扩展API和图形UI

• 国际化(目前为中英文化)

Docker compose

Harbor在物理机上部署是非常难的，而为了简化Harbor的应用，Harbor官方直接把Harbor做成了在容器中运行的应用，而且这个容器在Harbor中依赖类似redis、mysql、pgsql等很多存储系统，所以它需要编排很多容器协同起来工作，因此VMWare Harbor在部署和使用时，需要借助于Docker的单机编排

Compose是一个用于定义和运行多容器Docker应用程序的工具。使用Compose，您可以使用YAML文件来配置应用程序的服务。然后，通过一个命令，您可以创建并启动配置中的所有服务。

Docker Compose官方文档

Harbor部署

Harbor官方文档

//安装Docker compose
[root@localhost ~]# curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
 % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100   664  100   664    0     0    780      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--   779
100 12.1M  100 12.1M    0     0  1344k      0  0:00:09  0:00:09 --:--:-- 1747k
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/bin/
docker-compose

//对二进制文件应用可执行权限：
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
[root@localhost ~]# 

https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/releases/tag/v2.3.5

[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  harbor-offline-installer-v2.3.5.tgz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf harbor-offline-installer-v2.3.5.tgz -C /usr/local/
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/
bin  etc  games  harbor  include  lib  lib64  libexec  sbin  share  src

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/harbor/
[root@localhost harbor]# ls
common.sh  harbor.v2.3.5.tar.gz  harbor.yml.tmpl  install.sh  LICENSE  prepare
[root@localhost harbor]# cp harbor.yml.tmpl harbor.yml
[root@localhost harbor]# ls
common.sh  harbor.v2.3.5.tar.gz  harbor.yml  harbor.yml.tmpl  install.sh  LICENSE  prepare

[root@localhost ~]# hostname
localhost.localdomain
[root@localhost ~]# hostname registry.example.com
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.235.172 registry.example.com
//在另一台主机添加域名解析然后ping测试
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hosts
[root@localhost ~]# ping registry.example.com
PING registry.example.com (192.168.235.172) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from registry.example.com (192.168.235.172): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.45 ms
64 bytes from registry.example.com (192.168.235.172): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.03 ms
64 bytes from registry.example.com (192.168.235.172): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.653 ms
·····················
[root@localhost harbor]# vim harbor.yml

hostname: registry.example.com

# http related config
http:
  # port for http, default is 80. If https enabled, this port will redirect to https port
  port: 80

# https related config
#https:
  # https port for harbor, default is 443
  # port: 443
  # The path of cert and key files for nginx
  # certificate: /your/certificate/path
  # private_key: /your/private/key/path
//注释掉以上没注释的
# Remember Change the admin password from UI after launching Harbor.
harbor_admin_password: Harbor12345 #管理员密码  

# Harbor DB configuration
database:
  # The password for the root user of Harbor DB. Change this before any production use.
  password: root123  #数据库密码
  # The maximum number of connections in the idle connection pool. If it <=0, no idle connections are retained.
  max_idle_conns: 100 #最大空闲连接数100
..............................................
 of harbor.
  max_open_conns: 900 #最大连接数900

# The default data volume
data_volume: /data #数据存放在data
······················

//执行
[root@localhost harbor]# ./install.sh
·······················
[Step 5]: starting Harbor ...
Creating network "harbor_harbor" with the default driver
Creating harbor-log ... done
Creating harbor-portal ... done
Creating registryctl   ... done
Creating harbor-db     ... done
Creating registry      ... done
Creating redis         ... done
Creating harbor-core   ... done
Creating harbor-jobservice ... done
Creating nginx             ... done
✔ ----Harbor has been installed and started successfully.----

//执行完后多了很多镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                      TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED      SIZE
goharbor/harbor-exporter        v2.3.5    1730c6f650e2   5 days ago   81.9MB
goharbor/chartmuseum-photon     v2.3.5    47004f032938   5 days ago   179MB
goharbor/redis-photon           v2.3.5    3d0cedc89a0d   5 days ago   156MB
goharbor/trivy-adapter-photon   v2.3.5    5c0212e98070   5 days ago   133MB
goharbor/notary-server-photon   v2.3.5    f20a76c65359   5 days ago   111MB
goharbor/notary-signer-photon   v2.3.5    b9fa38eef4d7   5 days ago   108MB
goharbor/harbor-registryctl     v2.3.5    7a52567a76ca   5 days ago   133MB
goharbor/registry-photon        v2.3.5    cf22d3e386b8   5 days ago   82.6MB
goharbor/nginx-photon           v2.3.5    5e3b6d9ce11a   5 days ago   45.7MB
goharbor/harbor-log             v2.3.5    a03e4bc963d6   5 days ago   160MB
goharbor/harbor-jobservice      v2.3.5    2ac32df5a2e0   5 days ago   211MB
goharbor/harbor-core            v2.3.5    23baee01156f   5 days ago   193MB
goharbor/harbor-portal          v2.3.5    bb545cdedf5a   5 days ago   58.9MB
goharbor/harbor-db              v2.3.5    9826c57a5749   5 days ago   221MB
goharbor/prepare                v2.3.5    a1ceaabe47b2   5 days ago   255MB


[root@localhost harbor]# ss -antl
State     Recv-Q    Send-Q         Local Address:Port         Peer Address:Port    Process    
LISTEN    0         128                127.0.0.1:1514              0.0.0.0:*                  
LISTEN    0         128                  0.0.0.0:80                0.0.0.0:*                  
LISTEN    0         128                  0.0.0.0:22                0.0.0.0:*                  
LISTEN    0         128                     [::]:80                   [::]:*                  
LISTEN    0         128                     [::]:22                   [::]:*          

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/docker/daemon.json 
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json 
{
  "insecure-registries": ["registry.example.com"]
}
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart docker

[root@localhost ~]# docker login registry.example.com
Username: admin
Password: 
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store

Login Succeeded

//拉取镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull busybox
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/busybox
3cb635b06aa2: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:b5cfd4befc119a590ca1a81d6bb0fa1fb19f1fbebd0397f25fae164abe1e8a6a
Status: Downloaded newer image for busybox:latest
docker.io/library/busybox:latest
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
busybox      latest    ffe9d497c324   7 days ago    1.24MB

//修改名字
[root@localhost ~]# docker tag busybox:latest registry.example.com/library/busybox:0.1

//上传镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker push registry.example.com/library/busybox:0.1
The push refers to repository [registry.example.com/library/busybox]
64cac9eaf0da: Pushed 
0.1: digest: sha256:50e44504ea4f19f141118a8a8868e6c5bb9856efa33f2183f5ccea7ac62aacc9 size: 527
[root@localhost ~]# 

//删除镜像后尝试拉取
[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi registry.example.com/library/busybox:0.1
Untagged: registry.example.com/library/busybox:0.1
Untagged: registry.example.com/library/busybox@sha256:50e44504ea4f19f141118a8a8868e6c5bb9856efa33f2183f5ccea7ac62aacc9
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
busybox      latest    ffe9d497c324   7 days ago    1.24MB

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull registry.example.com/library/busybox:0.1
0.1: Pulling from library/busybox
Digest: sha256:50e44504ea4f19f141118a8a8868e6c5bb9856efa33f2183f5ccea7ac62aacc9
Status: Downloaded newer image for registry.example.com/library/busybox:0.1
registry.example.com/library/busybox:0.1
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                             TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
busybox                                latest    ffe9d497c324   7 days ago    1.24MB
registry.example.com/library/busybox   0.1       ffe9d497c324   7 days ago    1.24MB

使用Harbor的注意事项：

• 在客户端上传镜像时一定要记得执行docker login进行用户认证，否则无法直接push
• 在客户端使用的时候如果不是用的https则必须要在客户端的/etc/docker/daemon.json配置文件中配置insecure-registries参数
• 数据存放路径应在配置文件中配置到一个容量比较充足的共享存储中
• Harbor是使用docker-compose命令来管理的，如果需要停止Harbor也应用docker-compose stop来停止，其他参数请–help