Most of the time, cookies are a good thing, but they can also track you. Take control of a tiny bit of your online privacy by blocking, deleting, and allowing only select cookies.
大多数情况下，Cookie是一件好事，但它们也可以跟踪您。 通过阻止，删除和仅允许选择Cookie来控制您的一小部分在线隐私。
By Eric Griffith & Chandra Steele
Cookies—what could be wrong with such deliciousness? Well, even a certain monster on Sesame Street is less into gluten these days. Maybe that’s because his beloved snack food had its name co-opted back in the 1990s by the little data files that websites use to improve your experience… and track your activity.
饼干-如此美味可能会出什么问题？ 好吧，这些日子，即使是芝麻街上的某个怪物也少了面筋。 也许那是因为他心爱的休闲食品的名字早在1990年代就被网站用来改善您的体验并跟踪您的活动的小数据文件所替代。
Cookies get stored on your computer when you use a web browser. The cookie file gets read by the server on the other end of the connection. Most of the time, cookies are a good thing-without authentication cookies, you’d constantly be entering usernames and passwords as you visit websites, over and over, on every page. Cookies also make it possible for online shopping carts to work without losing all your items before purchase.
使用网络浏览器时，Cookie会存储在您的计算机上。 Cookie文件在连接的另一端被服务器读取。 在大多数情况下，Cookie是一件好事-没有身份验证Cookie，您在访问网站时不断地在每个页面上不断输入用户名和密码。 Cookies还可以使在线购物车正常工作而不会在购买前丢失所有物品。
But, cookies can also be used to track you. When you visit a site, you may not get a cookie from just the server for that site, but also a tracking cookie from the advertisers on that site—that’s called a third-party cookie. Those can be used to look at where you’re going whenever you visit a new website-tracking your moves, so to speak. This has long had privacy advocates up in arms, even though cookies typically do not collect any personalized information. They’re bad enough that Mozilla is blocking them by default in Firefox, and Google claims it’ll phase them out entirely in a couple of years from the Chrome browser.
但是，Cookie也可以用来跟踪您。 当您访问某个网站时，您可能不仅会从该网站的服务器上获取Cookie，而且还会从该网站上的广告商那里获取跟踪Cookie(称为第三方Cookie) 。 可以说，只要您访问新的网站来跟踪自己的举动，这些内容就可以用来查看您的去向。 尽管cookie通常不会收集任何个性化信息，但长期以来，隐私权拥护者一直对此持欢迎态度。 它们非常糟糕，以至于Mozilla在Firefox中默认阻止了它们 ，而Google声称将在未来几年完全从Chrome浏览器中逐步淘汰它们 。
The problem is, blocking or deleting all cookies is almost crippling to your web adventures. Yet letting every single cookie through compromises your privacy. So what do you do?
问题是，阻止或删除所有cookie几乎使您的网络冒险陷于瘫痪。 但是，让每个cookie都破坏您的隐私。 所以你会怎么做？
Cookie控制 (Cookie Control)
One option is to nuke all existing cookies. Then you can take some control back. How you do it depends on the desktop or mobile browser you’re using. Google Chrome and Firefox users should consider the Click&Clean extension (below) and use it to take care of cookies.
一种选择是删除所有现有的cookie。 然后，您可以收回一些控制权。 具体操作方式取决于您使用的台式机或移动浏览器。 Google Chrome和Firefox用户应考虑使用Click＆Clean扩展程序 (如下)并使用它来处理cookie。
But there are manual methods.
但是有手动方法。
Take advantage of the built-in controls in each browser to limit the cookies you receive. At the very least, always block the third-party/advertiser cookies. It’s not foolproof, as advertisers can find ways around that simple option, but it’s a start. There are many extensions that help you control cookies on browser like Firefox and Chrome. Check out their respective web stores/repositories for options.
利用每个浏览器中的内置控件来限制您收到的Cookie。 至少应始终阻止第三方/广告客户的cookie。 这并非万无一失，因为广告商可以找到绕过该简单选项的方法，但这只是一个开始。 有许多扩展程序可帮助您控制Firefox和Chrome等浏览器上的cookie。 查看各自的网上商店/存储库以获取选项。
Google Chrome(桌面版) (Google Chrome (Desktop))
Click the three-dot icon menu in the upper-right corner to get the Chrome menu, and select More tools > Clear browsing data. In the pop-up box, check off the third and fourth boxes to delete cookies and clear cached images and files. Just pick a timeframe from the menu at the top.
点击右上角的三点图标菜单以获取Chrome菜单，然后选择更多工具>清除浏览数据 。 在弹出框中，选中第三个和第四个框以删除cookie并清除缓存的图像和文件。 只需从顶部菜单中选择一个时间范围即可。
To manage the cookies in Chrome, type “ chrome://settings/content/cookies” in the omnibox (without the quote marks). Tell Chrome to allow data from local sites you actually visit, only keep data until you close the browser, or block cookies altogether. The best option: Block all third-party cookies. You can also set exceptions—if you block all cookies, you might to still allow them for, say, Amazon and NYTimes.com, just so you don’t have to re-type your password all the time.
要在Chrome中管理Cookie，请在多功能框中输入“ chrome：// settings / content / cookies ”(不带引号)。 告诉Chrome允许您实际访问的本地站点中的数据，仅保留数据，直到关闭浏览器，或完全阻止Cookie。 最好的选择：阻止所有第三方cookie。 您还可以设置例外-如果您阻止所有cookie，则可能仍允许它们(例如Amazon和NYTimes.com)，只是您不必总是重新输入密码。
Click See All Cookies and Site Data to see a list of the cookies actually installed locally on your computer. You can go through them one by one and delete as desired. It’s not a bad idea to just do a Remove All on cookies every few months, just to clear things out.
单击“ 查看所有Cookies和站点数据”以查看计算机上实际安装的cookie列表。 您可以一张一张地浏览它们，然后根据需要删除。 每隔几个月对Cookie进行一次全部删除 ，以清除问题并不是一个坏主意。
谷歌浏览器(移动版) (Google Chrome (Mobile))
Access the menu via the ellipsis menu in the lower-right (iOS) or upper-right (Android), and select Settings > Privacy > Clear Browsing Data. Check off the section for cookies and tap Clear Browsing Data (iOS) or Clear Data (Android). That’s all you can do; you don’t get any granular controls over existing cookies (except for selecting a time-frame at the top) and can’t block third-party cookies alone.
通过右下角(iOS)或右上角(Android)的省略号菜单访问菜单，然后选择设置>隐私>清除浏览数据 。 选中Cookie部分，然后点击清除浏览数据(iOS)或清除数据(Android)。 那就是你所能做的。 您无法对现有Cookie进行任何细粒度的控制(除了在顶部选择一个时间范围外)，并且不能单独阻止第三方Cookie。
火狐浏览器 (Mozilla Firefox)
Click the upper-right hamburger stack and select Options > Privacy & Security. Under Cookies and Site Data, click Clear Data > Cookies and Site Data > Clear to remove your entire cookie history.
点击右上方的汉堡包，然后选择选项>隐私和安全 。 在Cookie和站点数据下，单击清除数据 > Cookies和站点数据 > 清除以删除整个cookie历史记录。
Back to Cookies and Site Data, select Manage Data if you want to choose the sites from which to remove cookies. There’s also a checkbox to Delete cookies and site data when Firefox is closed. But that may be overkill. Under Manage Exceptions, create Exceptions to always (or never) accept cookies from select sites.
返回Cookies和站点数据，如果要选择要从中删除Cookies的站点，请选择“ 管理数据” 。 关闭Firefox时，还有一个复选框可以删除Cookie和站点数据 。 但这可能太过分了。 在“ 管理例外”下 ，创建例外以始终(或从不)接受来自选定站点的cookie。
Firefox(Android) (Firefox (Android))
Go to the three-dot menu and select Settings > Privacy > Cookies. You get three choices: Enabled, Enabled Excluding 3rd Party, or Disabled. To erase all cookies, on the Privacy screen, check the box by Clear Private Data on Exit. You’ll get another pop-up to pick Cookies & Active Logins, among other settings.
转到三点菜单，然后选择设置>隐私> Cookies 。 您有三个选择：“已启用”，“已排除第三方”或“已禁用”。 要清除所有cookie，请在“隐私”屏幕上，选中“ 退出时清除私人数据”旁边的复选框。 您将获得另一个弹出窗口，以选择Cookie和有效登录名以及其他设置。
Firefox(iOS) (Firefox (iOS))
Tap the hamburger menu on the lower-right, select Settings >Tracking Protection. Select Standard or Strict. The latter is basically a private browsing mode.
点击右下角的汉堡菜单，选择设置>跟踪保护 。 选择标准或严格。 后者基本上是私人浏览模式。
But for true cookie control, go to Settings > Data Management > Cookies and turn them off. You can Clear Private Data at the bottom of the screen. Or click Website Data at the top to delete cookie data site by site.
但要进行真正的Cookie控制，请转到“设置”>“数据管理”>“ Cookie” ，然后将其关闭。 您可以在屏幕底部清除私人数据。 或单击顶部的“网站数据”以逐站点删除Cookie数据。
微软Edge (Microsoft Edge)
Internet Explorer is ( mostly) dead, long live Microsoft Edge. To clear cookies, select the three-dot menu and select Settings. Click the hamburger menu on the top left and select Privacy and services. Under Clear browsing data, click Choose what to clear. Some options will be pre-selected; can click or de-select the items you want to delete. Click Clear now. Back under Clear browsing data, you can also choose what gets cleared every time you close the browser.
Internet Explorer中( mos晶体管逻辑 Y)死了，万岁微软边缘 。 要清除Cookie，请选择三点菜单，然后选择设置。 点击左上方的汉堡菜单，然后选择隐私和服务 。 在清除浏览数据下，点击选择要清除的内容 。 一些选项将被预先选择。 可以单击或取消选择要删除的项目。 单击立即清除 。 返回“清除浏览数据”下，您还可以选择每次关闭浏览器时清除的内容。
To manage cookies in the future, scroll up to Tracking Prevention. Choose one of three options: Basic, Balanced, or Strict. You can also see blocked trackers and set exceptions.
要在以后管理Cookie，请向上滚动至Tracking Prevention 。 选择以下三个选项之一：基本，平衡或严格。 您还可以查看被阻止的跟踪器并设置例外。
Safari(macOS) (Safari (macOS))
By default, Safari is only taking cookies from sites you visit—not third-party cookies. You can make changes by going to the Safari menu (a gear icon) and selecting Preferences > Privacy and looking under Cookies and website data > Manage Website Data. From there, pick the sites whose cookies you crush; click Remove All > Remove Now to kill all cookies.
默认情况下，Safari仅从您访问的网站获取Cookie，而不从第三方Cookie获取。 您可以通过以下步骤进行更改：转到Safari菜单(齿轮图标)，然后选择偏好设置>隐私，然后在Cookie和网站数据下查看>管理网站数据。 从那里，选择您要粉碎其Cookie的站点； 单击全部删除>立即删除以杀死所有cookie。
If you’d like to manage how Safari handles cookies, look for the option to Block All Cookies on that same Privacy tab.
如果您想管理Safari处理Cookie的方式，请在同一“隐私”选项卡上查找“ 阻止所有Cookie ”选项。
To manage the cookies Safari will accept, click any site under Cookies and Website data to have Safari ask sites and third parties not to track you. Safari may ask on your behalf every time, but it’s up to individual websites whether they’ll comply or not.
要管理Safari接受的cookie，请单击Cookies和网站数据下的任何站点，以使Safari要求站点和第三方不要跟踪您。 Safari可能会每次都代表您询问，但取决于各个网站是否遵守。
Safari(iOS) (Safari (iOS))
With Safari, you don’t access the cookie settings by opening the browser itself. In iOS, go to Settings > Safari and toggle Block All Cookies to on.
使用Safari，您无需通过打开浏览器本身来访问Cookie设置。 在iOS中，转到“设置”>“ Safari” ，然后将“ 阻止所有Cookie”启用。
To kill all cookies, choose Clear History and Website Data. To kill only select cookie data stored by websites (and keep your History), scroll down to Advanced > Website Data. You’ll get a list of the sites storing the most data; at the bottom of the list click Show All Sites to see the full list. Delete the data for sites you don’t recognize or trust by swiping left; you’ll sleep better. Clear them all by clicking Remove All Website Data at the bottom.
要杀死所有Cookie，请选择清除历史记录和网站数据 。 要仅杀死网站存储的部分Cookie数据(并保留您的历史记录)，请向下滚动至高级>网站数据 。 您将获得存储最多数据的站点列表。 在列表底部，单击“ 显示所有站点”以查看完整列表。 向左滑动即可删除您不认识或不信任的网站的数据； 你会睡得更好。 通过单击底部的“ 删除所有网站数据”将其清除。
Originally published at https://www.pcmag.com.
最初发布在 https://www.pcmag.com 。
翻译自: https://medium.com/pcmag-access/how-to-control-and-delete-cookies-on-your-browser-de1ca46324a8
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