学习编程的最佳资源

Learning to code is not as tedious as you might think

学习编码并不像您想象的那么乏味

There is no better time than now to learn how to program. Software development is still a relatively new discipline, always changing and evolving. It’s an exciting, fast paced world filled possibility.

没有比现在更好的时间来学习编程。 软件开发仍然是一门相对较新的学科，总是在变化和发展。 这是一个令人兴奋，节奏快的世界充满的可能性。

With this changing, growing environment, the barrier to entry has also been lowered. The internet allows information to travel almost instantaneously across the globe. Languages have gotten easier to learn, debugging tools more powerful, and help more accessible. With that in mind, I am going to breakdown the best resources that you can take advantage of today to get in you started in the world of programming.

随着环境的变化和增长，进入壁垒也已降低。 互联网使信息几乎可以瞬间在全球传播。 语言变得更容易学习，调试工具更强大，并且帮助更易访问。 考虑到这一点，我将分解最好的资源，您可以利用这些资源今天开始进入编程领域。

正规教育 (Formal Education)

While I think schools need to catch up to the real world in their computer science curriculum, they still hold value in learning how to code. They give you a baseline in languages like C++ and Java and teach you more advanced concepts like data structures and algorithms. It’s a more theoretical approach to programming, explaining how and why things work the way they do.

虽然我认为学校需要在计算机科学课程中赶上现实世界，但它们仍然在学习如何编码方面具有价值。 它们为您提供了C ++和Java等语言的基准，并教您了诸如数据结构和算法之类的更高级的概念。 这是一种更具理论性的编程方法，可以解释事物如何以及为什么以它们的方式工作。

Another huge benefit is you get a degree at the end of your four year education. While it can be argued that not all jobs require degrees, it helps boost your resume and can help you if you plan on moving into a management position later in your career. Most jobs that still require a formal degree tend to be for development at more formal institutions.

另一个巨大的好处是，您在四年的学习结束后获得了学位。 尽管可以说并非所有工作都需要学位，但如果您打算在职业生涯的晚些时候升任管理职位，它可以帮助您提高履历，并可以为您提供帮助。 大多数仍需要正规学位的工作往往是为了在正规机构中发展。

While the positives are nice, there are a few downsides to a formal education. They don’t always teach you what’s new or standard in the industry. There is also a huge cost, both in time and in money, that needs to be invested. Schools are not cheap. You will be down a few thousand dollars and about four years of your life if you pursue a bachelors degree. There is also a heavy math emphasis. You are normally required to take calculus, discrete math, linear algebra, and some elective courses.

积极的方面虽然不错，但正规教育也有一些弊端。 他们并不总是教会您行业中的新事物或新标准。 在时间和金钱上，还有巨大的成本需要进行投资。 学校并不便宜。 如果攻读学士学位，您将损失几千美元，大约四年的生命。 数学上也有很重的重点。 通常，您需要参加微积分，离散数学，线性代数和一些选修课程。

This is a good option if you are currently in high school and plan to go to college or are already in college and don’t have a major decided yet.

如果您目前正在读高中，打算上大学或已经在大学并且还没有专业决定，那么这是一个不错的选择。

新手营 (Bootcamps)

Bootcamps are like mini versions of college. They teach you modern tools and technologies and how to build applications in a much shorter amount of time that college does. Usually, bootcamps last around a few months. Some even places for you to live and stay.

训练营就像大学的迷你版。 他们教您现代的工具和技术，以及如何在短短的时间内构建应用程序。 通常，训练营大约持续几个月。 一些甚至可以让您居住和居住的地方。

Bootcamps are much more practical than college, as they show you how to program and build applications from the ground up. They also teach tools like Git, which are crucial to modern day development. These kinds of things are not always taught in schools.

训练营比大学更实用，因为它们向您展示了如何从头开始编程和构建应用程序。 他们还教授Git之类的工具，这些工具对于当今的开发至关重要。 学校并不总是教授这类东西。

The downside is the cost and time commitment. While not as expensive as college, they can still run you thousands of dollars. They also cram a ton of material into a short period of time. Be ready to give up a few months to attend a bootcamp.

缺点是成本和时间投入。 尽管不如大学昂贵，但它们仍然可以为您带来数千美元的收益。 他们还会在短时间内塞满大量材料。 准备放弃几个月参加训练营。

Bootcamps are great for people looking for a more traditional way of learning how to program that isn’t as long or tedious as college.

训练营非常适合那些希望以更传统的方式学习编程的人，而这种学习方式不像大学那么长或乏味。

在线课程 (Online Courses)

This is a pretty large category to cover. I have broken this down into two kinds of online courses, formal and informal. Formal courses are more college-like, but its usually for a certification and taught online. Some examples of this include the CS50 courses through Harvard or the Helsinki Java MOOC course. Informal courses include courses on Udemy or Pluralsight.

这是一个相当大的类别。 我将其分为正式和非正式两种在线课程。 正规课程更像是大学，但通常是通过认证和在线授课的。 这样的例子包括哈佛大学的CS50课程或赫尔辛基Java MOOC课程。 非正式课程包括有关Udemy或Pluralsight的课程。

These are great to learn a wide range of skills, more-so than what a school can teach you. You can learn languages, frameworks, libraries, and even cloud computing. There is a huge range of things to learn. You are not bound by a curriculum saying you have to learn C++. Want to learn Swift? Have at it. Wanna give Go a shot? Go for it. Want to learn both? Even better! The more formal online classes like CS50 are great options as well. They act as more of an intermediate between a formal college education and an online course. You don’t need to go to school for four years and pay outrageous sums of money for an education.

这些是学习各种技能的好方法，而且比学校可以教给您的知识还多。 您可以学习语言，框架，库，甚至云计算。 有很多东西要学习。 您不受课程表的约束，该课程说您必须学习C ++。 想学习Swift吗？ 吃吧 想试一试吗？ 去吧。 想同时学习吗？ 更好！ CS50等更正式的在线课程也是不错的选择。 它们更像是正规大学教育和在线课程之间的中介。 您不需要上学四年，无需花大笔的钱就可以接受教育。

While much cheaper and more flexible than a college course, these courses can end up being a money sink too. Udemy charges per course while places like Pluralsight charge a subscription fee. It’s really, really easy to start a course and just not finish it. Unlike college, there is no accountability for you to finish your work or the course. That choice to finish lies with you and you only. You can end up wasting a bit of money on courses. You can also end up buying a course that doesn’t have a great instructor. Usually, these courses have reviews on them so you can see how good they are, but sometimes you’ll buy a course that ends up being subpar.

虽然这些课程比大学课程便宜得多且更具灵活性，但这些课程最终也可能是一笔金钱。 Udemy每门课程收费，而Pluralsight等地方则收取订阅费。 开始课程而不结束课程确实非常容易。 与大学不同，您没有责任完成工作或课程。 完成的选择只取决于您自己。 您最终可能会在课程上浪费一些钱。 您也可能最终购买了没有出色教练的课程。 通常，这些课程会对它们进行评论，以便您可以查看它们的优劣，但有时您会购买一门最终不及格的课程。

This is great for people who want to learn programming or expand on their existing knowledge.

对于想学习编程或扩展现有知识的人们来说，这非常有用。

的YouTube (YouTube)

YouTube is a fantastic choice for getting your feet wet in this field. The videos are free and there are tons of tutorials that can get you up and building things fast. Some great YouTubers are Brad Traversy, Derek Banas, and Academind. These resources are fantastic for tutorials, language learning, compares and contrasts between frameworks, and much, much more.

在这个领域，YouTube是您双wet的理想之选。 这些视频是免费的，并且有大量的教程可以帮助您快速入门和构建内容。 YouTube上的佼佼者包括Brad Traversy，Derek Banas和Academind。 这些资源非常适合教程，语言学习，框架之间的比较和对比以及更多。

The huge benefit here is that you don’t need to pay for content or courses. There are also tons of tutorials for virtually every language and framework you can want to learn. There is also tons of lectures and talks and more advanced concepts.

这里的巨大好处是您无需为内容或课程付费。 对于您想学习的几乎每种语言和框架，也都有大量的教程。 还有大量的讲座和演讲以及更高级的概念。

The main downside here is it can be very easy to get stuck in a tutorial loop, where you keep building apps from videos. You follow it line for line, but never learn what the code actually does or how to replicate it. Sure you built an app, but what does it do? How can you build on it? Tutorials are great for learning how to put things together, but not as great for learning how a language or framework works in depth.

这里的主要缺点是很容易陷入教程循环中，您可以在其中继续从视频中构建应用程序。 您一行一行地遵循它，但是从不学习代码的实际作用或如何复制它。 确定您构建了一个应用程序，但是它有什么作用？ 您如何在此基础上发展？ 教程对于学习如何将事物组合在一起非常有用，但对于学习某种语言或框架是如何深入工作的效果却不那么理想。

This option is great for beginners and people looking to start learning how to program.

该选项非常适合初学者和希望开始学习编程的人们。

图书 (Books)

Books appeal to a specific kind of person. It takes a lot of dedication to sit down and read through a programming book. Some books, like Automate the Boring Stuff with Python are great introductions to learning how to code. The Head First series is also widely acclaimed for learning how to code. It takes a lot of work to get through some of the larger, more in-depth books however. Some books can be a few thousand pages long and not easy to understand. Some go into exquisite detail on the nitty-gritty of a language or theory. Another issue with books is that things are evolving so quickly, the book might go out of date very quickly. Some books can also get really, really expensive.

书籍吸引特定类型的人。 坐下来阅读一本编程书需要花费大量的精力。 一些书籍，例如使用Python自动完成无聊的东西，是学习如何编码的出色入门。 Head First系列在学习如何编码方面也广受赞誉。 但是，阅读一些更大，更深入的书需要花费大量的工作。 有些书可能长达数千页，而且不容易理解。 一些语言或理论的精妙细节。 书籍的另一个问题是事情发展得如此之快，这本书可能很快就会过时。 有些书也可能真的很贵。

That said, books can serve as a great foundation to learning. They can provide a wealth of information and more value than an online course sometimes. They can also serve as a handy reference manual if you need to look something up and most books include practice problems that apply both theory and practicality.

也就是说，书籍可以作为学习的重要基础。 他们有时可以提供比在线课程更丰富的信息和更多的价值。 如果您需要查找某些内容，它们也可以用作方便的参考手册，并且大多数书籍都包含适用于理论和实践的实践问题。

Books can be used at all levels of learning how to program.

书籍可用于学习编程的所有级别。

We looked at a few of the most popular ways to learn how to program. Chances are, you will end up using a couple of these in your learning. You no longer need a formal education to start working as a software developer.

我们研究了一些最流行的学习编程方法。 有可能，您最终将在学习中使用其中的一些。 您不再需要接受正式的培训即可开始从事软件开发人员的工作。

The biggest thing you can do to help your learning to to just start programming. The more you can code, the better you will get at it. It can be hard to take those first few steps on a new project but once you do, you will eventually start running. Keep writing code.

您可以做的最大的事情就是帮助您开始学习编程。 您可以编写的代码越多，您所获得的效果就越好。 在一个新项目上执行前几步可能很困难，但是一旦完成，您最终将开始运行。 继续编写代码。

In this field, you never stop learning. It doesn’t matter if you go to school or watch a YouTube video. You will never stop learning and improving your skillset. The more you learn, the better a developer you will be.

在这个领域，您永远不会停止学习。 上学或观看YouTube视频都没有关系。 您将永远不会停止学习和提高技能。 您学得越多，开发人员就会越好。

翻译自: https://medium.com/the-innovation/the-best-resources-for-learning-to-program-854431ce08e9