The term LiDAR comes originally from the mixture of the words light and radar, although it also responds to acronyms such as light detection and ranging or laser imaging, detection, and ranging, or sometimes replaced by the term 3D laser scanning. Basically, we are talking about a method using terrestrial, aerial and mobile applications to measure distance ranges by hitting the target with laser light and measuring the reflection with a sensor, so that the differences in laser return times and wavelengths can be used to make 3D digital representations of the target.
术语“ LiDAR”最初来自“光”和“雷达”两个词的混合词，尽管它也响应诸如光检测和测距或激光成像，检测和测距之类的首字母缩略词，或者有时被术语3D激光扫描代替。 基本上，我们正在谈论一种使用地面，空中和移动应用程序的方法，该方法是通过用激光击中目标并用传感器测量反射来测量距离范围，以便可以使用激光返回时间和波长的差异来制作3D目标的数字表示。
Most people became aware of LiDAR technology with the appearance of the first autonomous vehicles, characterized by carrying what Chris Urmson, first director of the autonomous vehicle project of Google, described as “a spinning Kentucky Fried Chicken bucket”. At that time, in 2015, the cost of a LiDAR unit was no less than $75,000, which made autonomous vehicles prohibitively expensive for mass use.
随着第一批自动驾驶汽车的出现，大多数人开始意识到LiDAR技术，其特点是搭载了Google自动驾驶汽车项目的第一任主管克里斯·乌尔姆森( Chris Urmson)所说的“旋转的肯塔基炸鸡桶”。 当时，在2015年，一个LiDAR装置的成本不少于75,000美元，这使得自动驾驶汽车的大规模使用价格过高。
The evolution of LiDAR, is similar to other technologies that often surprise the layman: as early as 2018, some observers predicted improved LIDAR performance at lower prices that sounded like the stuff of science fiction, but in early 2020, leading player Velodyne put a LiDAR sensor on the market for $100. A look at the company’s website with its product comparison page shows how much smaller LiDAR units are, constantly improving their performance and reducing their price.
LiDAR的演变与其他使外行常感到惊讶的技术类似：早在2018年，一些观察家就预测LIDAR性能会以较低的价格得到改善，这听起来像是科幻小说中的东西，但在2020年初，领先的Velodyne推出了LiDAR市场上售价为100美元的传感器。 通过公司网站上的产品比较页面，可以看到小型LiDAR单元的数量，从而不断提高其性能并降低价格。
Velodyne’s achievements are also matched by other players — such as Ouster, which has just captured $42 million in investment, or Luminar, which is preparing its IPO — that are also growing rapidly in size and attracting more clients, many of them outside the automotive industry. Under such conditions, it’s not just autonomous vehicles that will benefit: with prices expected to fall to fifty dollars and sizes close to those of a postage stamp LiDAR will be incorporated into all types of objects, from cameras, to drones, to who knows what.
Velodyne的成就也被其他玩家匹配-比如和AHP ，刚刚捕获的投资$ 42万，或LUMINAR ，这是准备其首次公开招股-这也Swift在不断扩大规模，吸引更多的客户，其中不乏汽车行业外。 在这种情况下，受益的不仅是自动驾驶汽车：价格预计将下降至五十美元，尺寸接近邮票，激光雷达将被集成到所有类型的物体中，从照相机到无人机，谁知道。
Last year, Elon Musk declared that “LiDAR is a fool’s errand, and anyone relying on LiDAR is doomed”, going against the opinion of the rest of the motor industry, and instead opting for a combination of cameras, ultrasonic sensors, radar and artificial intelligence for his vehicles: he may now have to eat his words. In any case, with or without Musk, one of the main obstacles for the development of the autonomous vehicle, the price, size and performance of these type of sensors, has been removed, meaning carmakers could equip their fleets with it, incorporating multiple sensors with less compromises on design, improving safety in the process.
去年，埃隆·马斯克(Elon Musk)宣布：“激光雷达是一个傻子，任何依赖激光雷达的人都注定要失败”，这与其他汽车行业的看法背道而驰，而是选择了摄像头，超声波传感器，雷达和人工机器人的组合车辆的智能：他现在可能不得不吃掉自己的话。 无论有没有麝香，无人驾驶汽车发展的主要障碍之一，都消除了这类传感器的价格，尺寸和性能，这意味着汽车制造商可以为车队配备多个传感器。减少设计上的折衷，提高了过程的安全性。
In Musk’s favor, having already integrated this technology even at an earlier stage, and understanding the many problems it could entail, while the evolution of the self-driving features of his vehicles, without LiDAR sensors, seems to be highly satisfactory. And against him, a technological evolution that, in addition to lower costs, could drastically improve performance.
在麝香的青睐，其已经集成这种技术甚至在更早的阶段，并且了解很多问题它可以产生，而进化的的自驾车拥有自己的车，没有LiDAR传感器，似乎是非常令人满意的。 不利于他的是，这项技术发展不仅可以降低成本，而且可以大大提高性能。
This is, without a doubt, one of the greatest technological revelations: practically any product will be able to incorporate design and manufacturing economies of scale and thereby reduce prices to the consumer. What is happening with LiDAR, cost reductions of several orders of magnitude and increasingly ubiquitous applications, happens with most technologies, and within increasingly shorter time frames. Definitely, a fundamental factor when considering future scenarios and innovative ideas.
毫无疑问，这是最大的技术启示之一：实际上，任何产品都将能够纳入设计和制造规模经济，从而降低消费者的价格。 LiDAR所发生的事情是，成本降低了几个数量级，应用越来越普遍，大多数技术都在这种情况下发生，并且时间越来越短。 绝对是考虑未来方案和创新想法时的基本因素。
翻译自: https://medium.com/enrique-dans/the-incredible-shrinking-lidar-50fb36ae3dc7
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