在线教育新纪元：Discord教学指南-CSDN博客

Build a community with your students

与学生建立社区

As we move into online and remote (and hybrid, whatever that is, for however long/short it lasts) teaching, a few folks have asked about having a “teaching on Discord” tutorial.

当我们进入在线和远程教学(以及混合教学，无论持续多长时间)时，一些人开始询问有关“ Discord教学”教程的信息。

Well, I won’t call this a tutorial; rather it’s an overview of how I’ve used Discord on various servers (note: I’ve included a glossary at the end of this post) for online community interaction. A quick caveat: I’ve only been using Discord since March 2020, though I’ve now used it for my writing/postgrad community, set up and moderated two servers for online conferences, and one for online teaching in higher education. I certainly don’t know everything about it, but I’ll try to include the resources I’ve used here.

好吧，我不会将其称为教程。而是概述了如何在各种服务器上使用Discord (请注意：在本文结尾处提供了术语表)以进行在线社区交互。快速警告：自2020年3月以来，我一直只使用Discord，尽管现在我已将Discord用于我的写作/博士后社区，设置并主持了两台用于在线会议的服务器，以及一台用于高等教育在线教学的服务器。我当然并不了解它的全部知识，但是我将尝试包括我在这里使用的资源。

什么是不和谐 (What is Discord)

Discord is a chat (text, voice, and video) platform (OS-independent). You can use it in-browser, as a desktop application, and/or a mobile app. It was originally created (and is still largely used for) gamer communities, thus its icon resembling a game controller. When COVID-19 and the resulting lockdowns hit, a lot of people turned to the platform to reconnect with their communities, as I did.

Discord是一个聊天(文本，语音和视频)平台(与OS无关)。您可以在浏览器中将其用作桌面应用程序和/或移动应用程序。它最初是由游戏玩家社区创建的(现在仍被广泛使用)，因此其图标类似于游戏控制器。当COVID-19和随之而来的封锁发生时，很多人像我一样转向该平台与他们的社区重新建立联系。

What makes it different from Slack or Canvas or a lot of other platforms many are turning to is that it was always open and flexible, making it highly adaptable for a lot of uses. A lot of the other platforms are specifically built for one type of user (business, schools, etc.), and many of them require institutional subscriptions. Discord does not, and I have yet to be very limited by its free services given the scales of the communities I build. Premium services seem to be for servers with much larger communities than I have yet anticipated building.

它与Slack或Canvas或许多其他正在转向的其他平台的不同之处在于，它始终是开放且灵活的，从而使其非常适合许多用途。许多其他平台是专门针对一种类型的用户(企业，学校等)构建的，其中许多需要机构订阅。 Discord并非如此，鉴于我建立的社区的规模，我的自由服务仍然受到我的限制。优质服务似乎是针对社区数量比我预期的要大得多的服务器。

This openness also means it’s moddable, resulting in a rich assortment of “bots” you can use to perform customized functions within a single server. If you’re so inclined, you can even build your own (though it’s quite a process requiring some tech skills, so I tend to stick with the existing bots).

这种开放性也意味着它是可修改的，从而产生了各种各样的“ 机器人 ”，您可以使用它们在单个服务器中执行自定义功能。如果您愿意，甚至可以构建自己的机器人(尽管这是一个需要一些技术技能的过程，所以我倾向于使用现有的机器人)。

演示地址

Enjoy this stereotypical American teenage boy teaching you the basics of building a Discord server.

享受这个定型的美国十几岁的男孩，教给您有关构建Discord服务器的基础知识。

什么是不和谐有益 (What is Discord Good For)

社区 (Community)

Most of the activity takes place on the text channels, which means server members can chat with one another asynchronously. This is a big benefit to online classes, as students can connect to one another in a common space, but don’t need a timetable to do so.

大多数活动都在文本通道上进行，这意味着服务器成员可以彼此异步聊天。这对在线课程来说是一个很大的好处，因为学生可以在一个公共空间相互连接，但不需要时间表。

灵活性 (Flexibility)

You can add and modify channels on whims. You can slow down discussions if they’re going too fast. You can add automated moderation bots that look out for banned words, and temporarily mute the offenders. You can set member roles and use those to limit access to specific channels, or grant specific powers. You can hop onto a voice channel if necessary. You can split groups out into voice channels or text channels for group work or smaller discussions.

您可以根据需要添加和修改频道。如果讨论进行得太快，则可以减慢讨论的速度。您可以添加自动审核机器人，以查找被禁止的单词，并暂时使违规者静音。您可以设置成员角色，并使用这些角色来限制对特定频道的访问或授予特定权限。如有必要，您可以跳到语音通道。您可以将小组分为语音渠道或文本渠道，以进行小组工作或进行较小的讨论。

封存 (Archiving)

Discord doesn’t delete anything. Ever. So all the chats and resources posted in text channels will remain, as long as you don’t delete them (and you can limit students’ power to delete their stuff). (Voice/video chatting is not recorded.)

不和谐不会删除任何东西 。曾经因此，只要您不删除文本通道中发布的所有聊天和资源，它们就会保留下来(并且可以限制学生删除其内容的能力)。 (未录制语音/视频聊天。)

自动化 (Automation)

You can set bots to do specific tasks so you don’t have to. Class schedule with reminders. Server moderation. FAQ responses. Yes, there’s a bit of a learning curve to this. There’s a learning curve to everything. But I’m always up for learning a little bit of something if it will cut down on the dang student emails.

您可以将机器人设置为执行特定任务，而不必这样做。带提醒的上课时间表。服务器审核。常见问题解答。是的，这需要一些学习曲线。一切都有学习曲线。但是我总是愿意学习一些东西，如果它可以减少当下学生的电子邮件。

名称/代词 (Names/pronouns)

Each member can update their displayed name on each server, so you can easily see who they are. And by allowing students to choose a specific role for their pronouns (such as with a reaction bot, see below), you can easily see what their pronouns are.

每个成员都可以在每个服务器上更新其显示的名称，因此您可以轻松地看到他们是谁。通过允许学生选择代词的特定角色(例如使用React机器人，请参见下文)，您可以轻松地了解代词是什么。

不和谐的一些缺点 (Some Downsides to Discord)

学习曲线 (The learning curve)

The same flexibility and adaptability that make it so useful can make it overwhelming for new users, especially if you’re joining a few already-established servers, because it can do a lot of things. Nothing has ever been deleted, tons of people are hopping around on different channels, bots are botting, and you feel like you can’t keep up.

如此有用的灵活性和适应性会使新用户不堪重负，特别是如果您要加入一些已经建立的服务器，因为它可以完成很多事情。什么都没有被删除，无数人在不同的渠道上跳来跳去，僵尸程序正在蠕动，您感觉自己无法跟上步伐。

My suggestion: it costs you nothing to create a test server and play with it. Create and delete channels. Create and delete roles and permissions and bots. Set things up and play around with them. Second, take a deep breath and see what you like about those other servers: is there anything you can duplicate? Anything you definitely don’t want to do?

我的建议：创建测试服务器并使用它不会花费您任何费用。创建和删除频道。创建和删除角色，权限和漫游器。设置并与他们一起玩。其次，深呼吸，看看你喜欢的其他服务器什么：你有没有什么可以复制？你绝对不希望做什么？

文件共享受限 (Limited file sharing)

There’s not much organization or infrastructure for a lot of file sharing, which makes sense when you consider Discord’s origins. You can post plenty of links and memes, and indeed post some files in the text channels, but they’re ugly and disorganized, with no way to edit organization after posting. At best you can include a resources channel where only admins can post, and put up resources there. (I haven’t yet found a bot with this functionality — happy to edit if one exists!)

没有太多文件或文件的组织或基础架构，当您考虑Discord的起源时，这很有意义。您可以发布大量链接和模因，甚至可以在文本通道中发布一些文件，但是它们很丑陋且杂乱无章，发布后无法编辑组织。充其量您可以包括一个资源通道，只有管理员可以在该通道上发布资源并在那里放置资源。 (我尚未找到具有此功能的机器人-如果存在，很高兴进行编辑！)

上载大小限制 (Limits on upload size)

I can’t even post a 30-second video of my chickens. It’s easy to get around by posting on YouTube and putting the link in Discord, but it’s not as nice as native capability. This is just about the one and only limit I’ve encountered with the free vs. premium use of Discord.

我什至无法发布30秒的鸡录像带。通过在YouTube上发布并将链接放置在Discord中很容易解决，但是它不如本地功能好。这仅是我使用Discord的免费vs.高级使用遇到的一个也是唯一的限制。

缺乏话题对话 (Lack of threaded conversations)

The text channels are one big thread. If someone replies to another person, it could have 10 messages separating the two. This is probably one reason for Discord’s “slow down” function for text channels; the conversation can quickly get unwieldy. It makes it hard for students who, say, aren’t there for the primary discussion to catch up later.

文本通道是一大话题。如果有人回复另一个人，则可能会有10条消息将两者分开。这可能是Discord为文字频道提供“减速”功能的原因之一。对话很快就会变得笨拙。例如，对于那些根本没有进行主要讨论的学生，以后很难跟上。

安全/隐私 (Security/privacy)

I haven’t researched this extensively, as I haven’t officially taught a module using Discord. I would put it on a level with Facebook and other social media. I wouldn’t post individual assessment feedback or marks on Discord, that’s for sure. Stick to official institutional platforms for sensitive information.

我还没有进行广泛的研究，因为我还没有使用Discord正式教授模块。我会将其与Facebook和其他社交媒体放在一起。我不会在Discord上发布个人评估反馈或评分，这是肯定的。坚持使用官方机构平台获取敏感信息。

我如何使用不和谐的一些示例 (Some Examples of How I’ve Used Discord)

写作社区 (Writing Community)

This community is composed of current students (postgrads), former students, colleagues, friends, and other writers/game designers. It’s expanded beyond my own circle as server members extend invitations to their own circles, but for the most part it tends to be people I know in one way or the other. Like any community, it has a core group, which is mostly my current postgrads, as they are the ones still intensively doing work and needing community, but they are by no means the only active members.

这个社区由在校学生(研究生)，以前的学生，同事，朋友和其他作家/游戏设计师组成。服务器成员将邀请扩展到自己的圈子后，它已经扩展到我自己的圈子之外，但在大多数情况下，它往往是我认识的人，或者以某种方式认识。像任何社区一样，它有一个核心小组，主要是我目前的研究生，因为他们仍然在忙于工作和需要社区，但绝不是唯一的活跃成员。

We do a lot of different things here. We run timed writing sessions on voice or text channels. We’ve played role-playing games (a common use for Discord). We have collaborated on some fiction and game designs. We have an A/V club to discuss podcasts and books and TV and film and games. We share art and writing and games and memes with one another. This has been the key social resource for many of us in the last few months, and the added benefit is that being a part of this community has really boosted the creative juices for many of us.

我们在这里做了很多不同的事情。我们在语音或文本频道上运行定时写作会议。我们玩过角色扮演游戏(Discord的常用功能)。我们已经合作完成了一些小说和游戏设计。我们有一个视听俱乐部，讨论播客和书籍以及电视，电影和游戏。我们彼此分享艺术和写作以及游戏和模因。在过去的几个月中，这一直是我们许多人的重要社交资源，而额外的好处是，作为这个社区的一部分，确实为我们许多人带来了创意。

在线会议 (Online conferences)

For the two conferences where I created a Discord server (ELO 2020 and ACM-Hypertext 2020), it served as the “coffee in the hallways between talks” space. The talks themselves took place on Zoom or Twitch, and then attendees returned to Discord to chat, post resources, ask questions; these conversations could carry on for days after the original talk.

在我创建Discord服务器的两个会议( ELO 2020和ACM-Hypertext 2020 )中，它用作“对话之间走廊中的咖啡”空间。演讲本身在Zoom或Twitch上进行，然后与会者返回Discord聊天，发布资源，提出问题；这些对话可以在原始对话后进行几天。

The Discord space also provided channels to prep for talks and workshops, if such was needed. We enabled a schedule bot (SESH) that had all sessions posted in its channel; attendees could RSVP to specific talks, and opt in for direct message reminders. We even managed a cross ELO-ACMHT text channel (using HaileyBot) that populated in both servers simultaneously.

如果需要，Discord空间还提供了准备演讲和研讨会的渠道。我们启用了一个计划机器人( SESH )，该机器人在其频道中发布了所有会话；与会者可以回复特定的演讲，并选择直接留言提醒。我们甚至管理了一个跨ELO-ACMHT文本通道(使用HaileyBot )，该文本通道同时填充在两个服务器中。

教学(显然) (Teaching (obviously))

As noted, I use this with my postgrads, and it makes for a nice replacement to the weekly “lab” meetings I used to hold with them. Others are trialling it for teaching undergrad courses this year, and I’m eager to see what they’re doing with them. So far people are attempting to use the voice channels for smaller breakout groups or different topic discussions and supervision for programming sessions. One instructor has created channels where the students can have discussion without the instructor, giving them a space of their own.

如前所述，我将其与我的研究生一起使用，它可以很好地替代我以前与他们举行的每周“实验室”会议。其他人正在尝试将其用于今年的本科课程教学，我很想知道他们在做什么。到目前为止，人们正在尝试将语音通道用于较小的分组讨论或不同的主题讨论以及对编程会话的监督。一位讲师创建了渠道，学生可以在没有讲师的情况下进行讨论，从而给他们自己的空间。

不和谐的资源 (Resources for Discord)

First, let me point out that Discord, like many digital things these days, doesn’t really come with a step-by-step set of instructions. It’s more an intuitive thing. So I urge you to just grab an account and create a server and have a play with it. You can’t break it.

首先，让我指出，Discord与当今的许多数字事物一样，实际上并没有一套逐步的说明。这是更直观的事情。因此，我敦促您仅注册一个帐户并创建服务器并进行操作。你不能破坏它。

我使用的机器人是： (The bots I’ve used are:)

Carl-bot. Carl-bot is a multi-use bot I use to let members set their pronouns (through Reaction Roles), and to send a custom welcome message to each person as they join the server. TBH, I haven’t even used Carl-bot for all his functions, which include auto-modding. I can see this really coming in handy for big classes of undergrads. Carl-bot can also set up polls, which can be really useful in discussions.

Carl-bot 。 Carl-bot是一种多用途机器人，我用来让成员设置其代词(通过React角色)，并在每个人加入服务器时向每个人发送自定义的欢迎消息。 TBH，我什至没有使用Carl-bot的所有功能，包括自动修改。我可以看到，这对于大类的本科生真的非常有用。 Carl-bot也可以设置民意测验，这在讨论中非常有用。

HaileyBot. HaileyBot is another multi-use bot, with polling, look-up, translation, and calculation functions. What I used her for, however, was one specific function that is rare among Discord servers: the ability to have a “cross-server” text channel (or what HaileyBot calls “global chat”). This could be really useful, for instance, if you’ve got one server for each module, and you want to make a global announcements channel across all of them.

HaileyBot 。 HaileyBot是另一种多用途机器人，具有轮询，查找，翻译和计算功能。但是，我为她使用的是Discord服务器中罕见的一项特定功能：具有“跨服务器”文本通道(或HaileyBot称为“全球聊天”)的功能。例如，如果每个模块都有一个服务器，并且您想在所有模块之间建立一个全局公告通道，这可能会非常有用。

SESH. SESH has the best scheduling and reminder functions I could find. It would be ideal if a bot could connect to an established calendar (say on G-Cal) and use that as the basis for a class schedule and reminders, but as of July, I couldn’t find one that really worked well. You create the calendar events through SESH, and it creates a G-Cal for you. It then posts the schedule in a specified channel on your server, and can be set to give reminders either in channel or through DM. Useful little guy.

SESH 。 SESH具有我能找到的最好的计划和提醒功能。如果一个机器人可以连接到已建立的日历(例如在G-Cal上)并将其用作班级时间表和提醒的基础，那将是理想的选择，但是截至7月，我找不到一个运行良好的日历。您可以通过SESH创建日历事件，并为您创建一个G-Cal。然后，它将日程安排发布到服务器上指定的频道中，并且可以设置为在频道中或通过DM发出提醒。有用的小家伙。

IFTTT/Zapier. These are services that allow you to set up automated “if-this-then-that” workflow functions across multiple digital apps, including Discord. A mod on one of the Discord conference servers created a Zapier workflow that took events from a Google Calendar and posted them in the server. In the end, it worked okay, just not as cleanly and with as many functions as SESH (and I didn’t have time to fiddle with it). But if you’re a bit of a tinkerer, you can use these to build some automated things for your server without resorting to creating your own bot.

IFTTT / 扎皮尔 。这些服务使您可以跨包括Discord在内的多个数字应用程序设置自动化的“先有先后”功能。一台Discord会议服务器上的mod创建了一个Zapier工作流程，该工作流程从Google日历中获取事件并将其发布到服务器中。最后，它工作正常，只是不干净，并且没有SESH那样多的功能(而且我没有时间摆弄它)。但是，如果您有点修修补补，则可以使用这些工具为服务器构建一些自动化的东西，而不必诉诸于创建自己的机器人。

Of course, there are tons of other bots out there: bots that can play YouTube as background music on voice channels, create anime characters, reward points, play games, and even archive your server.

当然，还有大量其他机器人：可以在语音通道上将YouTube作为背景音乐播放，创建动漫人物，奖励积分，玩游戏甚至存档服务器的机器人。

Have suggestions and updates? Let me know in the comments and I’ll edit to include!

有建议和更新吗？在评论中让我知道，我将进行编辑以包括在内！

不和谐词汇 (Discord Glossary)

Server — Basically like a main forum. Social media equivalents are: a subreddit, a Facebook group, a Slack channel. You can be a member of many different servers. If you’d like to join others, there are lists online. You can also create your own!

服务器 -基本上像一个主要论坛。社交媒体的等效项是：subreddit，Facebook组，Slack频道。您可以是许多不同服务器的成员。如果您想加入其他人，在线上有列表。您也可以创建自己的！

Channel — These are basically separate forums on a particular server (like threads in a subreddit). There are Text Channels (for text chatting) and Voice Channels (for voice and/or video chatting). If you’re not sure what a channel is for, click on it. It may have a description that appears on the top bar of the channel window, or some explanatory “pinned” posts that you can access by clicking the pushpin icon on the top bar of the window.

频道 -这些基本上是特定服务器上的单独论坛(例如subreddit中的线程)。有文本通道(用于文本聊天)和语音通道(用于语音和/或视频聊天)。如果不确定通道是什么，请单击该通道。它可能有一个描述出现在通道窗口的顶部栏上，或者您可以通过单击窗口顶部栏上的图钉图标来访问一些说明性的“固定”帖子。

Pinned Posts — Posts that are important to a particular channel can be pinned and accessed through the pushpin icon on the top bar of the Discord window. Multiple posts can be pinned.

固定的帖子 -对特定频道重要的帖子可以通过“不和谐”窗口顶部栏上的图钉图标进行固定和访问。可以固定多个帖子。

Role — Roles are categories of members on a particular Discord server. Different roles can have different permissions, allowing the server admin a level of control over what members can read and post.

角色 -角色是特定Discord服务器上成员的类别。不同的角色可以具有不同的权限，从而使服务器管理员可以对成员可以读取和发布的内容进行一定程度的控制。

Bot — You may see some bots appearing in forums and in the members list of a server. Bots are how server admins mod the server for specific functions. These include special welcome messages when you arrive on the server and auto-assigning you pronouns in the #roles-and-pronouns channel.

机器人程序 -您可能会看到一些机器人程序出现在论坛和服务器的成员列表中。 Bot是服务器管理员为特定功能修改服务器的方式。这些消息包括特殊的欢迎消息，当您到达服务器并在＃roles-and-nonoss频道中自动分配代词时。

您可以执行以下操作： (Some things you can do:)

Change your “nickname” (what is displayed when you post a chat): find yourself in the list of users to the right. Right-click, and select “change nickname”.

更改您的“昵称” (发布聊天时显示的内容)：在右侧的用户列表中找到自己。右键单击，然后选择“更改昵称”。

Update your profile (right-click on a username and select “Profile”) You can change your user description to inform folks about yourself and your area of expertise. Find your username either from a message you posted or in the list of users on the right, right-click your name, and click “Profile”. This will give you a text box where you can update your user description.

更新您的个人资料 (右键单击用户名，然后选择“个人资料”)，您可以更改用户说明，以告知其他人您自己和您的专业领域。从您发布的消息中或在右侧的用户列表中找到您的用户名，右键单击您的名称，然后单击“配置文件”。这将为您提供一个文本框，您可以在其中更新用户描述。

Text vs. Voice Channels: Discord channels are either “Text Channels” or “Voice Channels” (which can also be used for vidchat). If anyone is in a Voice Channel, you will see their username/nickname listed underneath the channel name. To enter a Voice Channel, simply click on the name of the channel. You will see your username/nickname appear in that channel. Your mic & speaker controls are available below the channels list. To leave a Voice Channel, click the phone hangup icon below the channels list. To link to a specific channel in a server, type #. You’ll get a list of channels you can select as a link.

文字与语音频道 ：不和谐频道是“文字频道”或“语音频道”(也可用于视频聊天)。如果有人在语音频道中，您会在频道名称下方看到他们的用户名/昵称。要输入语音通道，只需单击通道名称。您会看到您的用户名/昵称出现在该频道中。您的麦克风和扬声器控件在频道列表下方。要退出语音通道，请单击通道列表下方的电话挂断图标。要链接到服务器中的特定频道，请键入＃。您会获得一个可以选择作为链接的频道列表。

“Ping” members: type @ in a text channel to get a list of members and roles that you can mention in your post, and they will get a specific notification. This is useful if you need to find someone or ask someone a specific question.

“ Ping”成员 ：在文本通道中输入@，以获取您可以在帖子中提及的成员和角色的列表，他们将获得特定的通知。如果您需要寻找某人或向某人提出特定问题，这将很有用。

Mute servers and channels, and Set Notifications: tired of constant pings every time someone posts? Use either right-clicks or the settings icon (gear symbol) to mute a channel or server for a specific length of time, and to manage your notifications. (Your user settings are bottom-left, below the channels list.)

使服务器和通道静音，以及设置通知 ：每次有人发帖时都会厌烦不断的ping吗？使用右键单击或使用设置图标(齿轮符号)可将通道或服务器静音特定时间，并管理您的通知。 (您的用户设置位于频道列表下方的左下方。)