mongodb java 文档查询_Java MongoDB：查询文档

在本教程中，我们向您展示几种从集合中获取或查询文档的常用方法。

测试数据

插入5个伪文档进行测试。

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 1 , "name" : "mkyong-1"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 2 , "name" : "mkyong-2"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 3 , "name" : "mkyong-3"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 4 , "name" : "mkyong-4"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 5 , "name" : "mkyong-5"}

1. Find()示例

1.1仅获取第一个匹配的文档。

DBObject doc = collection.findOne();

System.out.println(dbObject);

输出量

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 1 , "name" : "mkyong-1"}

1.2获取所有匹配的文档。

DBCursor cursor = collection.find();

while(cursor.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(cursor.next());

}

输出量

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 1 , "name" : "mkyong-1"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 2 , "name" : "mkyong-2"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 3 , "name" : "mkyong-3"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 4 , "name" : "mkyong-4"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 5 , "name" : "mkyong-5"}

1.3从匹配的文档中获取单个字段。

BasicDBObject allQuery = new BasicDBObject();

BasicDBObject fields = new BasicDBObject();

fields.put("name", 1);

DBCursor cursor = collection.find(allQuery, fields);

while (cursor.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(cursor.next());

}

输出量

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "name" : "mkyong-1"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "name" : "mkyong-2"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "name" : "mkyong-3"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "name" : "mkyong-4"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "name" : "mkyong-5"}

2. Find()和比较

2.1获取number = 5所有文档。

BasicDBObject whereQuery = new BasicDBObject();

whereQuery.put("number", 5);

DBCursor cursor = collection.find(whereQuery);

while(cursor.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(cursor.next());

}

输出量

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 5 , "name" : "mkyong-5"}

2.2 $in示例–获取number in 2, 4 and 5文档。

BasicDBObject inQuery = new BasicDBObject();

Listlist = new ArrayList();

list.add(2);

list.add(4);

list.add(5);

inQuery.put("number", new BasicDBObject("$in", list));

DBCursor cursor = collection.find(inQuery);

while(cursor.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(cursor.next());

}

输出量

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 2 , "name" : "mkyong-2"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 4 , "name" : "mkyong-4"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 5 , "name" : "mkyong-5"}

2.3 $gt $lt示例–获取5 > number > 2文档。

BasicDBObject gtQuery = new BasicDBObject();

gtQuery.put("number", new BasicDBObject("$gt", 2).append("$lt", 5));

DBCursor cursor = collection.find(gtQuery);

while(cursor.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(cursor.next());

}

输出量

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 3 , "name" : "mkyong-3"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 4 , "name" : "mkyong-4"}

2.4 $ne示例–获取number != 4文档。

BasicDBObject neQuery = new BasicDBObject();

neQuery.put("number", new BasicDBObject("$ne", 4));

DBCursor cursor = collection.find(neQuery);

while(cursor.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(cursor.next());

}

输出量

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 1 , "name" : "mkyong-1"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 2 , "name" : "mkyong-2"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 3 , "name" : "mkyong-3"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 5 , "name" : "mkyong-5"}

3. find()和逻辑

3.1 $and示例–获取文档，其中number = 2 and name = 'mkyong-2' 。

BasicDBObject andQuery = new BasicDBObject();

Listobj = new ArrayList();

obj.add(new BasicDBObject("number", 2));

obj.add(new BasicDBObject("name", "mkyong-2"));

andQuery.put("$and", obj);

System.out.println(andQuery.toString());

DBCursor cursor = collection.find(andQuery);

while (cursor.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(cursor.next());

}

输出量

{ "$and" : [ { "number" : 2} , { "name" : "mkyong-2"}]}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "number" : 2 , "name" : "mkyong-2"}

4. find()和正则表达式

查找具有正则表达式模式的文档。

4.1 $regex示例–获取name like pattern 'Mky.*-[1-3]', case insensitive 。

BasicDBObject regexQuery = new BasicDBObject();

regexQuery.put("name",

new BasicDBObject("$regex", "Mky.*-[1-3]")

.append("$options", "i"));

System.out.println(regexQuery.toString());

DBCursor cursor = collection.find(regexQuery);

while (cursor.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(cursor.next());

}

输出量

{ "name" : { "$regex" : "Mky.*-[1-3]" , "$options" : "i"}}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "515ad59e3004c89329c7b259"} , "number" : 1 , "name" : "mkyong-1"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "515ad59e3004c89329c7b25a"} , "number" : 2 , "name" : "mkyong-2"}

{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "515ad59e3004c89329c7b25b"} , "number" : 3 , "name" : "mkyong-3"}

还有更多…

阅读此MongoDB运算符文档 ，以获取MongoDB支持的完整查询运算符集。

5.完整的例子

package com.mkyong.core;

import java.net.UnknownHostException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Calendar;

import java.util.List;

import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;

import com.mongodb.DB;

import com.mongodb.DBCollection;

import com.mongodb.DBCursor;

import com.mongodb.DBObject;

import com.mongodb.Mongo;

import com.mongodb.MongoException;

/**

* Java MongoDB : Query document

*

* @author mkyong

*

*/

public class QueryApp {

public static void insertDummyDocuments(DBCollection collection) {

Listlist = new ArrayList();

Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();

for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {

BasicDBObject data = new BasicDBObject();

data.append("number", i);

data.append("name", "mkyong-" + i);

// data.append("date", cal.getTime());

// +1 day

cal.add(Calendar.DATE, 1);

list.add(data);

}

collection.insert(list);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

try {

Mongo mongo = new Mongo("localhost", 27017);

DB db = mongo.getDB("yourdb");

// get a single collection

DBCollection collection = db.getCollection("dummyColl");

insertDummyDocuments(collection);

System.out.println("1. Find first matched document");

DBObject dbObject = collection.findOne();

System.out.println(dbObject);

System.out.println("\n1. Find all matched documents");

DBCursor cursor = collection.find();

while (cursor.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(cursor.next());

}

System.out.println("\n1. Get 'name' field only");

BasicDBObject allQuery = new BasicDBObject();

BasicDBObject fields = new BasicDBObject();

fields.put("name", 1);

DBCursor cursor2 = collection.find(allQuery, fields);

while (cursor2.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(cursor2.next());

}

System.out.println("\n2. Find where number = 5");

BasicDBObject whereQuery = new BasicDBObject();

whereQuery.put("number", 5);

DBCursor cursor3 = collection.find(whereQuery);

while (cursor3.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(cursor3.next());

}

System.out.println("\n2. Find where number in 2,4 and 5");

BasicDBObject inQuery = new BasicDBObject();

Listlist = new ArrayList();

list.add(2);

list.add(4);

list.add(5);

inQuery.put("number", new BasicDBObject("$in", list));

DBCursor cursor4 = collection.find(inQuery);

while (cursor4.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(cursor4.next());

}

System.out.println("\n2. Find where 5 > number > 2");

BasicDBObject gtQuery = new BasicDBObject();

gtQuery.put("number", new BasicDBObject("$gt", 2).append("$lt", 5));

DBCursor cursor5 = collection.find(gtQuery);

while (cursor5.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(cursor5.next());

}

System.out.println("\n2. Find where number != 4");

BasicDBObject neQuery = new BasicDBObject();

neQuery.put("number", new BasicDBObject("$ne", 4));

DBCursor cursor6 = collection.find(neQuery);

while (cursor6.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(cursor6.next());

}

System.out.println("\n3. Find when number = 2 and name = 'mkyong-2' example");

BasicDBObject andQuery = new BasicDBObject();

Listobj = new ArrayList();

obj.add(new BasicDBObject("number", 2));

obj.add(new BasicDBObject("name", "mkyong-2"));

andQuery.put("$and", obj);

System.out.println(andQuery.toString());

DBCursor cursor7 = collection.find(andQuery);

while (cursor7.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(cursor7.next());

}

System.out.println("\n4. Find where name = 'Mky.*-[1-3]', case sensitive example");

BasicDBObject regexQuery = new BasicDBObject();

regexQuery.put("name",

new BasicDBObject("$regex", "Mky.*-[1-3]")

.append("$options", "i"));

System.out.println(regexQuery.toString());

DBCursor cursor8 = collection.find(regexQuery);

while (cursor8.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(cursor8.next());

}

collection.drop();

System.out.println("Done");

} catch (UnknownHostException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (MongoException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

做完了

参考文献

查询，更新和投影运算符快速参考

标签： mongodb 查询

翻译自: https://mkyong.com/mongodb/java-mongodb-query-document/