工厂设计模式是Java最常用得设计模式之一。属于创建者模式。工厂模式主要是为创建对象提供过渡接口,以便将创建对象的具体过程隔离起来,达到提高灵活性的目的。具有三方面的组成:①抽象产品类角色,一般是具体产品继承的父类或接口;②具体产品角色,工厂类所创建的对象就是此角色的实例;③工厂类角色,是工厂设计模式的核心,含有一定的商业逻辑和判断逻辑,用于产生具体产品实例。
(1)创建一个接口Shape,有void方法。
public interface Shape {
void draw() ;
}
(2)创建实现相同接口的具体类,Rectangel.java、Square.java、Circle.java。
public class Rectangle implements Shape {
@Override
public void draw() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("Inside Rectangel::draw() method.");
}
}
public class Square implements Shape {
@Override
public void draw() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("Inside Square::draw() method.");
}
}
public class Circle implements Shape{
@Override
public void draw() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("Inside Circle::draw() method.");
}
}
(3)创建工厂根据给定得信息生成具体类得对象(ShapeFactgory.java)。
public class ShapeFactory {
//use getShape method to get object of type shape
public Shape getShape(String shapeType){
if (shapeType == null) {
return null ;
}
if (shapeType.equalsIgnoreCase("CIRCLE")) {
return new Circle() ;
}
if (shapeType.equalsIgnoreCase("Rectangle")) {
return new Rectangle() ;
}
if (shapeType.equalsIgnoreCase("SQUARE")) {
return new Square() ;
}
return null ;
}
}
(4)使用工厂通过传递类型等信息来获取具体类得对象(FactoryPatternDemo.java)。
public class FactoryPatternDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ShapeFactory shapeFactory = new ShapeFactory() ;
//get an object of Circle and call its draw method.
Shape shape1 = shapeFactory.getShape("CIRCLE") ;
// call draw method of Circle
shape1.draw();
//get an object of Rectangle and call its draw method.
Shape shape2 = shapeFactory.getShape("RECTANGLE");
shape2.draw();
//get an object of Square and call its draw method.
Shape shape3 = shapeFactory.getShape("SQUARE");
shape3.draw();
}
}
(5)输出结果。
Inside Circle::draw() method.
Inside Rectangel::draw() method.
Inside Square::draw() method.