java自定义序列化_Java如何在Jackson上使用自定义序列化程序？

我有两个要使用Jackson序列化为JSON的Java类：

public class User {

public final int id;

public final String name;

public User(int id, String name) {

this.id = id;

this.name = name;

}

}

public class Item {

public final int id;

public final String itemNr;

public final User createdBy;

public Item(int id, String itemNr, User createdBy) {

this.id = id;

this.itemNr = itemNr;

this.createdBy = createdBy;

}

}

我想将Item序列化为此JSON：

{"id":7, "itemNr":"TEST", "createdBy":3}

用户序列化为仅包含id。我还将能够将所有用户对象序列化为JSON，例如：

{"id":3, "name": "Jonas", "email": "jonas@example.com"}

所以我想我需要为此编写一个自定义的序列化程序Item并尝试过：

public class ItemSerializer extends JsonSerializer {

@Override

public void serialize(Item value, JsonGenerator jgen,

SerializerProvider provider) throws IOException,

JsonProcessingException {

jgen.writeStartObject();

jgen.writeNumberField("id", value.id);

jgen.writeNumberField("itemNr", value.itemNr);

jgen.writeNumberField("createdBy", value.user.id);

jgen.writeEndObject();

}

}

我使用来自Jackson How-to：Custom Serializers的以下代码对JSON进行了序列化：

ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

SimpleModule simpleModule = new SimpleModule("SimpleModule",

new Version(1,0,0,null));

simpleModule.addSerializer(new ItemSerializer());

mapper.registerModule(simpleModule);

StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();

try {

mapper.writeValue(writer, myItem);

} catch (JsonGenerationException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (JsonMappingException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

但是我得到这个错误：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: JsonSerializer of type com.example.ItemSerializer does not define valid handledType() (use alternative registration method?)

at org.codehaus.jackson.map.module.SimpleSerializers.addSerializer(SimpleSerializers.java:62)

at org.codehaus.jackson.map.module.SimpleModule.addSerializer(SimpleModule.java:54)

at com.example.JsonTest.main(JsonTest.java:54)

如何在Jackson上使用自定义序列化程序？

这就是我对Gson的处理方式：

public class UserAdapter implements JsonSerializer {

@Override

public JsonElement serialize(User src, java.lang.reflect.Type typeOfSrc,

JsonSerializationContext context) {

return new JsonPrimitive(src.id);

}

}

GsonBuilder builder = new GsonBuilder();

builder.registerTypeAdapter(User.class, new UserAdapter());

Gson gson = builder.create();

String json = gson.toJson(myItem);

System.out.println("JSON: "+json);

但是我现在需要和Jackson一起做，因为Gson不支持接口。