python柱状图代码_python+matplotlib实现礼盒柱状图实例代码

演示结果：

完整代码：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import numpy as np

from matplotlib.image import BboxImage

from matplotlib._png import read_png

import matplotlib.colors

from matplotlib.cbook import get_sample_data

class RibbonBox(object):

original_image = read_png(get_sample_data("Minduka_Present_Blue_Pack.png",

asfileobj=False))

cut_location = 70

b_and_h = original_image[:, :, 2]

color = original_image[:, :, 2] - original_image[:, :, 0]

alpha = original_image[:, :, 3]

nx = original_image.shape[1]

def __init__(self, color):

rgb = matplotlib.colors.to_rgba(color)[:3]

im = np.empty(self.original_image.shape,

self.original_image.dtype)

im[:, :, :3] = self.b_and_h[:, :, np.newaxis]

im[:, :, :3] -= self.color[:, :, np.newaxis]*(1. - np.array(rgb))

im[:, :, 3] = self.alpha

self.im = im

def get_stretched_image(self, stretch_factor):

stretch_factor = max(stretch_factor, 1)

ny, nx, nch = self.im.shape

ny2 = int(ny*stretch_factor)

stretched_image = np.empty((ny2, nx, nch),

self.im.dtype)

cut = self.im[self.cut_location, :, :]

stretched_image[:, :, :] = cut

stretched_image[:self.cut_location, :, :] = \

self.im[:self.cut_location, :, :]

stretched_image[-(ny - self.cut_location):, :, :] = \

self.im[-(ny - self.cut_location):, :, :]

self._cached_im = stretched_image

return stretched_image

class RibbonBoxImage(BboxImage):

zorder = 1

def __init__(self, bbox, color,

cmap=None,

norm=None,

interpolation=None,

origin=None,

filternorm=1,

filterrad=4.0,

resample=False,

**kwargs

):

BboxImage.__init__(self, bbox,

cmap=cmap,

norm=norm,

interpolation=interpolation,

origin=origin,

filternorm=filternorm,

filterrad=filterrad,

resample=resample,

**kwargs

)

self._ribbonbox = RibbonBox(color)

self._cached_ny = None

def draw(self, renderer, *args, **kwargs):

bbox = self.get_window_extent(renderer)

stretch_factor = bbox.height / bbox.width

ny = int(stretch_factor*self._ribbonbox.nx)

if self._cached_ny != ny:

arr = self._ribbonbox.get_stretched_image(stretch_factor)

self.set_array(arr)

self._cached_ny = ny

BboxImage.draw(self, renderer, *args, **kwargs)

if 1:

from matplotlib.transforms import Bbox, TransformedBbox

from matplotlib.ticker import ScalarFormatter

# Fixing random state for reproducibility

np.random.seed(19680801)

fig, ax = plt.subplots()

years = np.arange(2004, 2009)

box_colors = [(0.8, 0.2, 0.2),

(0.2, 0.8, 0.2),

(0.2, 0.2, 0.8),

(0.7, 0.5, 0.8),

(0.3, 0.8, 0.7),

]

heights = np.random.random(years.shape) * 7000 + 3000

fmt = ScalarFormatter(useOffset=False)

ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(fmt)

for year, h, bc in zip(years, heights, box_colors):

bbox0 = Bbox.from_extents(year - 0.4, 0., year + 0.4, h)

bbox = TransformedBbox(bbox0, ax.transData)

rb_patch = RibbonBoxImage(bbox, bc, interpolation="bicubic")

ax.add_artist(rb_patch)

ax.annotate(r"%d" % (int(h/100.)*100),

(year, h), va="bottom", ha="center")

patch_gradient = BboxImage(ax.bbox,

interpolation="bicubic",

zorder=0.1,

)

gradient = np.zeros((2, 2, 4), dtype=float)

gradient[:, :, :3] = [1, 1, 0.]

gradient[:, :, 3] = [[0.1, 0.3], [0.3, 0.5]] # alpha channel

patch_gradient.set_array(gradient)

ax.add_artist(patch_gradient)

ax.set_xlim(years[0] - 0.5, years[-1] + 0.5)

ax.set_ylim(0, 10000)

fig.savefig('ribbon_box.png')

plt.show()

总结

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