matlab 彩色变换,MATLAB学习笔记 彩色变换

MATLAB学习笔记 彩色变换

MATLAB学习笔记 彩色变换

MATLAB学习笔记 彩色变换

interp1q(x, y, xi) 线性内插，获得xi点的yi值(直线)

x 为列向量 设置x轴各个点

y 为列向量 设置y轴的各个点

xi 为列向量，代表取xi的位置的值

z = interp1q([0 10]', [0 5]', [0 1 2]') % 返回[0; 0.5; 1.0]

spline(x, y, xi) 三次样条内插， 获得xi的yi值(曲线)

z = spline([0:2]', [0:4]', [0:3]') % 返回[1; 2; 3; 15]

ice(‘p’, ‘v’, …) 交互颜色编辑

ice(‘image’, f) 显示图像编辑

f = imread('coins.png');

g = ice('image', f);

输入:

输出:

ice(‘image’, f, ‘wait’, ‘off’) 如果wait为off 会立即释放控制，为on则锁定控制

g = ice('image', f, 'wait', 'off');

h = get(g);

h.Name

输入:

输出:

ice 窗口操作

鼠标操作

结果

左键

按住并拖动来移动控制点

左键+Shift键

添加控制点。拖动(同时按住Shift键)可改变控制点的位置

左键+Control键

删除控制点

鼠标左键代表移动， 鼠标中键代表添加， 右键代表删除

GUI元素

描述

Smooth

选择则使用三次样条内插

Clamp Ends

选择则强制将三次样条的起始和结束曲线斜度设置为0

Show PDF

显示被映射函数影响的图像分量的概率密度函数(即直方图)

Show CDF

显示累计分布函数并非PDF(注意，PDF和CDF不能同时显示

Map Image

选中则启动图像映射，默认选中

Map Bars

选择则启动伪彩色和全彩色条带映射

Reset

重置

Reset All

重置所有

Input/Output

显示坐标，Input为x轴，Output为y轴

Component

为交互操作选择一个映射函数，就是选择图片的哪个分量进行操作

单色负片和彩色分量的反映射

% 单色

f = imread('coins.png');

g = ice('image', f, 'wait', 'off');

输入:

输出:

% 彩色

f = imread('onion.png');

g = ice('image', f, 'wait', 'off');

输入:

输出:

单色和彩色对比度增强

输入输出:

输入输出:

伪彩色映射

f = imread('img2.tif');

g = ice('image', f);

输入:

输出:

彩色平衡

f = imread('mb.tif');

imshow(f);

g = ice('image', f, 'space', 'CMY');

输入:

输出:

基于直方图的映射

f = imread('img3.tif');

imshow(f);

g = ice('image', f, 'space', 'hsi');

输入:

输出:

彩色图像的空间滤波

彩色图像平滑

分别对RGB通道三分量进行平滑，对HSI的I通道进行平滑

f = imread('img4.tif');

r = f(:, :, 1);

g = f(:, :, 2);

b = f(:, :, 3);

hsi = rgb2hsi(f);

subplot(4, 3, 1), imshow(f), title('原图');

subplot(4, 3, 2), imshow(f), title('RGB图');

subplot(4, 3, 3), imshow(hsi), title('HSI图');

h = hsi(:, :, 1);

s = hsi(:, :, 2);

i = hsi(:, :, 3);

w = fspecial('average', 25);

r = imfilter(r, w, 'replicate');

g = imfilter(g, w, 'replicate');

b = imfilter(b, w, 'replicate');

rgb = cat(3, r, g, b);

i = imfilter(i, w, 'replicate');

hsi = cat(3, h, s, i);

subplot(4, 3, 4), imshow(r), title('R通道');

subplot(4, 3, 5), imshow(g), title('G通道');

subplot(4, 3, 6), imshow(b), title('B通道');

subplot(4, 3, 7), imshow(h), title('H通道');

subplot(4, 3, 8), imshow(s), title('S通道');

subplot(4, 3, 9), imshow(i), title('I通道');

subplot(4, 3, 10), imshow(f), title('原图');

subplot(4, 3, 11), imshow(rgb), title('平滑后RGB图');

subplot(4, 3, 12), imshow(hsi2rgb(hsi)), title('平滑后HSI图');

输入:

输出:

彩色图像锐化

f = imread('img4.tif');

g = tofloat(f);

la = [1 1 1; 1 -8 1; 1 1 1];

subplot(1, 2, 1), imshow(f), title('原图');

subplot(1, 2, 2), imshow(g - imfilter(g, la, 'replicate')), title('锐化后');

输入:

输出:

直接在RGB向量空间的处理

利用梯度进行彩色边缘检测

colorgrad(image， T) 可以用来检测RGB图像的边缘

还可以设置T用来将一些边缘消除

f = imread('img5.tif');

r = f(:, :, 1);

subplot(2, 3, 1), imshow(r), title('r');

g = f(:, :, 2);

subplot(2, 3, 2), imshow(g), title('g');

b = f(:, :, 3);

subplot(2, 3, 3), imshow(b), title('b');

[VG, VA, PPG] = colorgrad(f);

subplot(2, 3, 4), imshow(f), title('RGB');

subplot(2, 3, 5), imshow(VG), title('VG');

subplot(2, 3, 6), imshow(PPG), title('PPG');

输入:

输出:

获得彩图的边缘

f = imread('img4.tif');

r = f(:, :, 1);

subplot(2, 3, 1), imshow(r), title('r');

g = f(:, :, 2);

subplot(2, 3, 2), imshow(g), title('g');

b = f(:, :, 3);

subplot(2, 3, 3), imshow(b), title('b');

[VG, VA, PPG] = colorgrad(f);

subplot(2, 3, 4), imshow(im2bw(abs(PPG- VG), 0.02)), title('VG - PPG');

subplot(2, 3, 5), imshow(VG), title('VG');

subplot(2, 3, 6), imshow(PPG), title('PPG');

输入:

输出:

在RGB向量空间中进行图像分割

colorseg(method, f, T, parameters)图像分割

先获取一块区域

f = imread('img6.tif');

mask = roipoly(f);

red = immultiply(mask, f(:, :, 1));

green= immultiply(mask, f(:, :, 2));

blue= immultiply(mask, f(:, :, 3));

g = cat(3, red, green, blue);

imshow(g);

输入:

输出:

接下来计算三个分量的标准差

[M, N, K] = size(g);

I = reshape(g, M * N, 3);

idx = find(mask);

I = double(I(idx, 1:3));

[C, m] = covmatrix(I);

d = diag(C);

sd = sqrt(d)

接着使用colorseg进行图像精准分割

欧式距离(euclidean)

马氏距离()

f = imread('img6.tif');

mask = roipoly(f);

red = immultiply(mask, f(:, :, 1));

green= immultiply(mask, f(:, :, 2));

blue= immultiply(mask, f(:, :, 3));

g = cat(3, red, green, blue);

imshow(g);

[M, N, K] = size(g);

I = reshape(g, M * N, 3);

idx = find(mask);

I = double(I(idx, 1:3));

[C, m] = covmatrix(I);

d = diag(C);

sd = sqrt(d)

% 欧式距离

E25 = colorseg('euclidean', f, 25, m);

E50 = colorseg('euclidean', f, 50, m);

E75 = colorseg('euclidean', f, 75, m);

E100 = colorseg('euclidean', f, 100, m);

subplot(2, 3, 1), imshow(f), title('原图');

subplot(2, 3, 2), imshow(g), title('选择的区域');

f = tofloat(f);

subplot(2, 3, 3), imshow(cat(3, f(:, :, 1) .* E25, f(:, :, 2) .* E25, f(:, :, 3) .* E25)), title('T为25');

subplot(2, 3, 4), imshow(cat(3, f(:, :, 1) .* E50, f(:, :, 2) .* E50, f(:, :, 3) .* E50)), title('T为50');

subplot(2, 3, 5), imshow(cat(3, f(:, :, 1) .* E75, f(:, :, 2) .* E75, f(:, :, 3) .* E75)), title('T为75');

subplot(2, 3, 6), imshow(cat(3, f(:, :, 1) .* E100, f(:, :, 2) .* E100, f(:, :, 3) .* E100)), title('T为100');

输入:

输出:

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