bandpass filter java_Design bandpass filter

View Filter Response — Open Filter Visualization Tool

button

This button opens the Filter Visualization Tool (fvtool) from the

Signal Processing Toolbox™ product. You can use the tool to display:

Magnitude response, phase response, and group delay in the

frequency domain.

Impulse response and step response in the time domain.

Pole-zero information.

The tool also helps you evaluate filter performance by

providing information about filter order, stability, and phase linearity.

For more information on FVTool, see the Signal Processing Toolbox documentation.

Impulse response — FIR or IIR filter

FIR (default) | IIR

Choose to implement an FIR or

IIR filter.

Note

The design methods and structures for FIR filters are not the same as

the methods and structures for IIR filters.

Order mode — Mode of specifying filter order

Minimum (default) | Specify

Select Minimum to have the block implement a

filter with minimum order. When you select

Specify, you must enter the filter order

using the Order parameter.

Tip

When you set the Impulse response to

IIR, you can specify different numerator and

denominator orders. To specify a different denominator order, select the

Denominator order check box.

Order — Filter order

20 (default) | positive integer

Specify the filter order as a positive integer.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Order mode to

Specify.

Denominator order — Specify denominator order

off (default) | on

Select this check box to specify a different denominator order. When you

select this check box, you can specify the denominator order as a positive

integer in the resulting text box.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Impulse

response to IIR and the

Order mode to

Specify.

Filter type — Type of filter

Single-rate (default) | Decimator | Interpolator | Sample-rate converter

Select the type of filter to implement. Your choice determines the type of

filter and the design methods and structures that are available to implement

your filter.

Dependencies

Selecting Decimator or

Interpolator activates the

Decimation Factor or the

Interpolation Factor options

respectively.

Selecting Sample-rate converter

activates both factors.

Decimation Factor — Decimation factor

2 (default) | positive integer

Specify the decimation factor as a positive integer.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Filter type to

Decimator or Sample-rate

converter.

Interpolation Factor — Interpolation factor

2 (default) | positive integer

Specify the interpolation factor as a positive integer.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Filter type to

Interpolator or Sample-rate

converter.

Frequency constraints — Frequency response constraints

Passband and stopband

edges (default) | Passband edges | Half power (3dB) frequencies | Half power (3dB) frequencies and passband

width | Half power (3dB) frequencies and stopband

width | Cutoff (6dB) frequencies

When you set the Order mode to

Specify, this parameter allows you to choose

the filter features that the block uses to define the frequency response

characteristics. Depending on the Impulse response you

choose, you can set the Frequency constraints to one

of:

Passband and stopband edges

— Specify the frequencies for the edges for the stop- and

passbands.

Passband edges — For IIR

filters, define the filter by specifying frequencies for the

edges of the passband.

Stopband edges — For IIR filters,

define the filter by specifying frequencies for the edges of the

stopbands.

Half power (3dB) frequencies

— For IIR filters, define the filter response by

specifying the locations of the 3 dB points. The 3 dB point is

the frequency for the point three decibels below the passband

value.

Half power (3dB) frequencies and passband

width — For IIR filters, define the

filter by specifying frequencies for the 3 dB points in the

filter response and the width of the passband.

Half power (3dB) frequencies and stopband

width — For IIR filters, define the

filter by specifying frequencies for the 3 dB points in the

filter response and the width of the stopband.

Cutoff (6dB) frequencies —

For FIR filters, define the filter response by specifying the

locations of the 6 dB points. The 6 dB point is the frequency

for the point 6 dB below the passband value.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Order mode to

Specify. The available

Frequency constraints will depend on whether

the Impulse response is

FIR or

IIR.

Frequency units — Frequency units

Normalized (0 to 1) (default) | Hz | kHz | MHz | GHz

Use this parameter to specify whether your frequency settings are

normalized or in absolute frequency. Select Normalized (0 to

1) to enter frequencies in normalized form. To enter

frequencies in absolute values, select one of the frequency units from the

drop-down list—Hz,

kHz, MHz, or

GHz.

Input sample rate — Input sample rate

2 (default) | positive scalar

Fs, specified in the units you selected for

Frequency units, defines the sampling frequency at

the filter input. When you provide an input sampling frequency, all

frequencies in the specifications are in the selected units as well.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Filter type to

Single-rate,

Decimator, or Sample-rate

converter and Frequency units to

one of the unit options (Hz,

kHz, MHz, or

GHz).

Output sample rate — Output sample rate

2 (default) | positive scalar

When you design an interpolator, Fs represents the sampling frequency

at the filter output.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Filter type to

Interpolator and Frequency

units to one of the unit options

(Hz, kHz,

MHz, or

GHz).

Stopband frequency 1 — Frequency at edge of end of first stopband

0.35 (default) | positive scalar

Enter the frequency at the edge of the end of the first stopband. Specify

the value in either normalized frequency units or the absolute units you

select in Frequency units.

Passband frequency 1 — Frequency at edge of start of passband

0.45 (default) | positive scalar

Enter the frequency at the edge of the start of the passband. Specify the

value in either normalized frequency units or the absolute units you

selected for Frequency units.

Passband frequency 2 — Frequency at edge of end of passband

.55 (default) | positive scalar

Enter the frequency at the edge of the end of the passband. Specify the

value in either normalized frequency units or the absolute units you select

in Frequency units.

Stopband frequency 2 — Frequency at edge of start of second stopband

.65 (default) | positive scalar

Enter the frequency at the edge of the start of the second stopband.

Specify the value in either normalized frequency units or the absolute units

you select in Frequency units.

Half power (3dB) frequency 1 — Lower frequency 3 dB point

.4 (default) | positive scalar

Specify the lower frequency 3 dB point as a positive scalar between zero

and one.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Impulse response to

IIR, Order mode to

Specify, and Frequency

constraints to Half power (3dB)

frequencies, Half power (3dB) frequencies

and passband width, or Half power (3dB)

frequencies and stopband width.

Half power (3dB) frequency 2 — Higher frequency 3 dB point

.6 (default) | positive scalar

Specify the higher frequency 3 dB point as a positive scalar between zero

and one.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Impulse response to

IIR, Order mode to

Specify, and Frequency

constraints to Half power (3dB)

frequencies, Half power (3dB) frequencies

and passband width, or Half power (3dB)

frequencies and stopband width.

Cutoff (6dB) frequency 1 — Lower frequency 6 dB point

.4 (default) | positive scalar

Specify the lower frequency 6 dB point as a positive scalar between zero

and one.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Frequency

constraints to Cutoff (6dB)

frequencies.

Cutoff (6dB) frequency 2 — Higher frequency 6 dB point

.6 (default) | positive scalar

Specify the higher frequency 6 dB point as a positive scalar between zero

and one.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Frequency

constraints to Cutoff (6dB)

frequencies.

Passband width — Passband width

.15 (default) | positive scalar

Specify the width of the passband as a positive scalar, in units

corresponding to the Frequency units parameter.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Frequency

constraints to Half power (3dB) frequencies

and passband width.

Stopband width — Width of stopband

.25 (default) | positive scalar

Specify the width of the stopband as a positive scalar, in units

corresponding to the Frequency units parameter.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Frequency

constraints to Half power (3dB) frequencies

and stopband width.

Magnitude constraints — Magnitude constraints

Unconstrained (default) | Constrained bands | Passband ripple | Passband ripple and stopband

attenuation | Stopband attenuation

Specify the magnitude constraints for the filter design.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Order mode to

Specify. The available options depend on

the value of the Frequency constraints

parameters.

Magnitude units — Units for magnitude specifications

dB (default) | Linear | Squared

Specify the units for any parameter you provide in magnitude specifications:

Linear — Specify the

magnitude in linear units.

dB — Specify the magnitude

in decibels (default).

Squared — Specify the

magnitude in squared units.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Order mode to

Minimum.

Stopband attenuation 1 — Filter attenuation in first stopband

60 (default) | real-valued positive scalar

Enter the filter attenuation in the first stopband in the units you choose for

Magnitude units. Values must be real, positive

scalars. If you are specifying values in linear units, they must be smaller

than 1.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Order mode to

Minimum.

Passband ripple — Allowable filter ripple in passband

1 (default) | real-valued positive scalar

Enter the filter ripple allowed in the passband in the units you choose for

Magnitude units. Values must be real, positive

scalars. If you are specifying values in linear units, they must be smaller

than 1.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Order mode to

Minimum.

Stopband attenuation 2 — Filter attenuation in second stopband

60 (default) | real-valued positive scalar

Enter the filter attenuation in the second stopband in the units you choose for

Magnitude units. Values must be real, positive

scalars. If you are specifying values in linear units, they must be smaller

than 1.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Order mode to

Minimum.

Design method — Filter design method

Equiripple (default) | Kaiser window | Butterworth | Chebyshev type I | Chebyshev type II | Elliptic

Lists the design methods available for the frequency and magnitude

specifications you entered. When you change the specifications for a filter,

such as changing the impulse response, the methods available to design

filters changes as well. The default IIR design method is usually

Butterworth, and the default FIR method is

Equiripple.

Scale SOS filter coefficients to reduce chance of overflow — Scale filter coefficients

on (default) | off

Selecting this parameter directs the design to scale the filter

coefficients to reduce the chances that the inputs or calculations in the

filter overflow and exceed the representable range of the filter. Clearing

this option removes the scaling.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Impulse response to

IIR.

Density factor — Density factor

16 (default) | positive scalar

Density factor controls the density of the frequency grid over which the design method

optimization evaluates your filter response function. The number of equally

spaced points in the grid is the value you enter for Density

factor times filter order + 1.

Increasing the value creates a filter that more closely approximates an ideal equiripple

filter but increases the time required to design the filter. The default

value of 16 represents a reasonable balance between the

accurate approximation to the ideal filter and the time to design the

filter.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Impulse response to

FIR and Design

method to Equiripple.

Phase constraint — Phase constraint

Linear (default) | Maximum | Minimum

Specify the phase constraint of the filter as Linear,

Maximum, or Minimum.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Impulse response to

FIR and Design

method to Equiripple.

Match exactly — Match passband, stopband, or both

Stopband (default) | Passband | Both

Specifies that the resulting filter design matches either the passband,

stopband, or both bands.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Impulse response to

IIR.

Minimum order — Minimum filter order

Any (default) | Even | Odd

When you select this parameter, the design method determines and designs a minimum order

filter to meet your specifications.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Impulse response to

FIR and Order mode

to Minimum.

Structure — Filter structure

Direct-form FIR (default) | Direct-form FIR transposed | Direct-form symmetric FIR | Cascade minimum-multiplier allpass | Cascade wave digital filter allpass | Direct-form I SOS | Direct-form I transposed SOS | Direct-form II SOS | Direct-form II transposed SOS

For the filter specifications and design method you select, this parameter

lists the filter structures available to implement your filter. By default,

FIR filters use direct-form structure, and IIR filters use direct-form II

filters with SOS.

Use basic elements to enable filter customization — Implement filter with basic Simulink blocks

off (default) | on

Select this check box to implement the filter as a subsystem of basic

Simulink blocks. Clear the check box to implement the filter as a

high-level subsystem.

The high-level implementation provides better compatibility across various

filter structures, especially filters that would contain algebraic loops

when constructed using basic elements.

Dependencies

When you select this check box, the block enables the following

optimization parameters:

Optimize for zero gains —

Terminate chains that contain Gain blocks with a

gain of zero.

Optimize for unit gains — Remove

Gain blocks that scale by a factor of

one.

Optimize for delay chains —

Substitute delay chains made up of n unit

delays with a single delay by n.

Optimize for negative gains — Use

subtraction in Sum blocks instead of negative

gains in Gain blocks.

Optimize for unit-scale values — Optimize unit scale values

off (default) | on

Select this check box to scale unit gains between sections in SOS

filters.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Impulse response to

IIR.

Rate options — Enforce single-rate or allow multirate processing

Enforce single-rate

processing (default) | Allow multirate processing

When the Filter type parameter specifies a multirate filter, select

the rate processing rule for the block:

Enforce single-rate processing —

When you select this option, the block maintains the sample rate of

the input.

Allow multirate processing —

When you select this option, the block adjusts the rate at the

output to accommodate an increased or reduced number of

samples.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Impulse

response to FIR and set

Filter type to a multirate filter.

Use symbolic names for coefficients — Specify coefficients with MATLAB variables

off (default) | on

Select this check box to enable the specification of coefficients using

MATLAB® variables. The available coefficient names differ depending on

the filter structure. Using symbolic names allows tuning of filter

coefficients in generated code.