java xml 操作_Java操作XML

以下是我学习webService视频的学习笔记:

Java类和XML之间的转换.编排:class转换为XML

反编排:xml转换为class

Java读取xml三种方式Stream

Event

Xpath

Java中使用XMLStreamWriter写入XML

Java中使用TransFormer修改XML

1.Java类和XML之间的转换.

ClassInfo.java代码:

public classClassInfo {private intid;privateString className;public ClassInfo(intid, String className) {super();this.id =id;this.className =className;

}publicClassInfo() {super();

}//..省略getter/setter方法...

}

StudentInfo.java代码:

@XmlRootElementpublic classStudentInfo {private intid;privateString stuName;privateClassInfo classInfo;publicStudentInfo() {super();

}public StudentInfo(intid, String stuName) {super();this.id =id;this.stuName =stuName;

}//..省略getter/setter方法

}

编排测试方法如下:

//编排

@Testpublic voidtest01() {try{//使用JAXB方式编排,获取JaxbContext对象 参数为需要编排的类

JAXBContext ctx = JAXBContext.newInstance(StudentInfo.class);//通过JaxbContext对象创建编排Marshaller对象

Marshaller marshaller =ctx.createMarshaller();

StudentInfo student= newStudentInfo();

student.setId(1);

student.setStuName("张璐");

student.setClassInfo(new ClassInfo(1, "java_1"));//调用编排 参数1:编排对象, 参数2:输出流

marshaller.marshal(student, System.out);

}catch(JAXBException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

PS:获取jaxbContext对象被作为参数的类,需要加上@XmlRootElement注解.如上的StudentInfo类

反编排测试代码如下:

//反编排

@Testpublic void test02() throwsException{//获取JaxbContext对象

JAXBContext ctx = JAXBContext.newInstance(StudentInfo.class);//创建反编排对象

Unmarshaller um =ctx.createUnmarshaller();//创建File,指定xml文件,System.getProperty("user.dir")获取项目路径

File file = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir")+ "/src/com/zhanglu/xml/studentInfo.xml");

StudentInfo stu= (StudentInfo) um.unmarshal(file);//进行反编排获取对象

System.out.println(stu.getStuName());

}

2.Java中读取XML

在项目的com.zhanglu.xml包中有如下booksxml文件. (来自W3CSHOOL)

Everyday Italian

Giada De Laurentiis

2005

30.00

Harry Potter

J K. Rowling

2005

29.99

XQuery Kick Start

James McGovern

Per Bothner

Kurt Cagle

James Linn

Vaidyanathan Nagarajan

2003

49.99

Learning XML

Erik T. Ray

2003

39.95

Stream以光标方式读取:

//使用Stream 光标方式

@Testpublic void textReader01() throwsException {

XMLInputFactory factory= XMLInputFactory.newInstance();//获取工厂

InputStream is = TestStax.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("com/zhanglu/xml/books.xml");//获取流

XMLStreamReader reader = factory.createXMLStreamReader(is);//创建stream读取对象

while (reader.hasNext()) {//如果有下文 循环读取

int tag = reader.next();//返回获取的下一个常量值

if (XMLStreamConstants.START_ELEMENT == tag) {//对常量进行判断,如果是开始节点

if (reader.getAttributeCount() > 0) {//如果节点的属性数理大于0

System.out.println(reader.getName());//获取节点名称

System.out.println(reader.getAttributeName(0) + "," + reader.getAttributeValue(0));//输出节点

}

}

}

}

Event迭代方式读取(普通迭代):

//迭代方式 EVENT

@Testpublic void textReader03() throwsException {

XMLInputFactory factory= XMLInputFactory.newInstance();//获取工厂

InputStream is = TestStax.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("com/zhanglu/xml/books.xml");//获取流//创建exent读取对象

XMLEventReader reader =factory.createXMLEventReader(is);while (reader.hasNext()) {//遍历

XMLEvent event = reader.nextEvent();//获取下一个Event

if (event.isStartElement()) {//如果是开始节点

System.out.println(event.asStartElement().toString());//输出//System.out.println(event.asStartElement().getName().toString());

}

}

}

Event迭代方式读取(使用过滤器来减少迭代次数):

//迭代方式 EVENT 使用过滤器 减少迭代次数

@Testpublic void textReader04() throwsException {XMLInputFactory factory= XMLInputFactory.newInstance();//获取工厂

InputStream is = TestStax.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("com/zhanglu/xml/books.xml");//获取流

XMLEventReader reader =factory.createFilteredReader(

factory.createXMLEventReader(is),new EventFilter() {//获取读取对象,重写EventFilter类的accept方法

@Overridepublic booleanaccept(XMLEvent event) {if (event.isStartElement()) {//如果是开始标签,返回true

return true;//这样就只会迭代开始标签

}return false;

}

});while(reader.hasNext()) {

XMLEvent event=reader.nextEvent();if (event.isStartElement()) {//判断是否为开始标签

System.out.println(event.asStartElement().toString());

}

}

}

XPath方式读取XML:

//使用Xpath 操作

@Testpublic void test01() throwsException{//创建输入流

InputStream is=TestXpathReader.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("com/zhanglu/xml/books.xml");//创建Xpath对象 通过Xpath工厂

XPath xpath=XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath();//创建文档对象 通过文档构造工厂

DocumentBuilder db=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();

Document doc=db.parse(is);//获取节点集合 第一个参数 表达式 第二个文档 第三个Xpath

NodeList nodeList=(NodeList)xpath.evaluate("//book[@category='WEB']", doc,XPathConstants.NODESET);//遍历

for(int i=0;i

Element element=(Element)nodeList.item(i);

System.out.println(element.getElementsByTagName("author").item(0).getTextContent());

}

}

3.使用Java中的XMLStreamWriter写入一个XML

//使用 XMLStreamWriter 来写xml文件

@Testpublic void test01() throwsException{

FileOutputStream out=new FileOutputStream(new File(System.getProperty("user.dir")+"/src/com/zhanglu/xml/student.xml"));

XMLStreamWriter w=XMLOutputFactory.newInstance().createXMLStreamWriter(out);

w.writeStartDocument("UTF-8", "1.0");

w.writeEndDocument();

w.writeStartElement("student");

w.writeAttribute("stuId", "1");

w.writeStartElement("stuName");

w.writeCharacters("张三");

w.writeEndElement();

w.writeStartElement("stuSex");

w.writeCharacters("男");

w.writeEndElement();

w.writeStartElement("stuAddress");

w.writeCharacters("湖北襄阳");

w.writeEndElement();

w.writeEndElement();

w.flush();

out.close();

}

4.使用TransFormer来更新XML文件

//使用TransFormer更新xml文件

@Testpublic void test() throwsException {//创建输入流

InputStream is = TestTransFormerUpdate.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("com/zhanglu/xml/student.xml");//创建DocBuilder对象

DocumentBuilder db =DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();

Document doc= db.parse(is);//获取document对象

XPath xpath = XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath();//创建Xpath对象//创建transFormer对象

Transformer tran =TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();

tran.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING,"utf-8");//设置编码

tran.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");//支付插入

tran.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.VERSION, "1.0");//版本//获取指定的节点集合

NodeList nodes = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate("//student[@stuId='1']",doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);

Element se= (Element) nodes.item(0);//获取第一个

Element e = (Element) se.getElementsByTagName("stuAddress").item(0);

e.setTextContent("湖北襄阳枣阳");

Result result= new StreamResult(newFile(System.getProperty("user.dir")+ "/src/com/zhanglu/xml/student.xml"));

tran.transform(newDOMSource(doc), result);

}