mysql 复合索引 in_第三个模块 MySQL 5.7之联合（复合）索引实践

索引:是当你的业务完成后，跟据查询条件来建立的。当你的数据量大(一般是10万条数据)了之后，我们会再把普通索引删除，使用自建索引表。因为数据量大的时候你要批量修改(索引表也会修改)会变的非常的慢！

加索引的时候，先建议使用单列索引一个一个加！然后再改进使用联合索引！

本文是针对mysql 5.7联合(复合)索引进行验证测试!

版本：mysql 5.7

测试结果日期：2017-01-02

表结构：

mysql> show create table m_user\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Table: m_user

Create Table: CREATE TABLE `m_user` (

`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

`name` char(32) NOT NULL,

`age` tinyint(4) NOT NULL,

`school` char(128) NOT NULL,

`status` tinyint(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '1',

PRIMARY KEY (`id`),

KEY `name` (`name`,`age`,`status`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1002 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

联合索引字段：

KEY name (name,age,status)

序号

字段名

类型

1

name

char

2

age

tinyint

3

status

tinyint

结果：

[1 3 命中]

select * from m_user where name='feng1' and status=1

[1 3 order by 3 命中]

select * from m_user where name='feng1' and status=1 order by status desc

[2 3 不命中]

select * from m_user where age=10 and status=1

[1 in 命中]

select * from m_user where name in ('feng1') and age<10

select * from m_user where name in ('feng1') and age<10 order by school

[1 between 不命中]

select * from m_user where name between 'feng1' and 'feng3'

select * from m_user where name between 'feng1' and 'feng3' order by school desc

[1 <> 不命中]

select * from m_user where name<>'feng1'

select * from m_user where name<>'feng1' and age<10

select * from m_user where name<>'feng1' and age<10 order by school desc

[1 < 或 <= 命中]

select * from m_user where name < 'feng1'

select * from m_user where name <= 'feng1'

select * from m_user where name <= 'feng1' and age<10

select * from m_user where name <= 'feng1' and age<10 order by school desc

[1 > 或 >= 不命中]

select * from m_user where name>'feng1'

select * from m_user where name>='feng1'

[无where条件 直接order by 不命中]

select * from m_user order by name desc

测试过程

1.[1 3 命中]

mysql> desc select * from m_user where name='feng1' and status=1 \G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

id: 1

select_type: SIMPLE

table: m_user

partitions: NULL

type: ref

possible_keys: name

key: name

key_len: 96

ref: const

rows: 1

filtered: 10.00

Extra: Using index condition

1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

2.[1 3 order by 3 命中]

mysql> desc select * from m_user where name='feng1' and status=1 order by status desc \G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

id: 1

select_type: SIMPLE

table: m_user

partitions: NULL

type: ref

possible_keys: name

key: name

key_len: 96

ref: const

rows: 1

filtered: 10.00

Extra: Using index condition

1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

3.[2 3 不命中]

mysql> desc select * from m_user where age=10 and status=1 \G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

id: 1

select_type: SIMPLE

table: m_user

partitions: NULL

type: ALL

possible_keys: NULL

key: NULL

key_len: NULL

ref: NULL

rows: 1001

filtered: 1.00

Extra: Using where

1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

4.[1 in 命中]

mysql> desc select * from m_user where name in ('feng1') and age<10 order by school

*************************** 1. row ***************************

id: 1

select_type: SIMPLE

table: m_user

partitions: NULL

type: range

possible_keys: name

key: name

key_len: 97

ref: NULL

rows: 1

filtered: 100.00

Extra: Using index condition; Using filesort

1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

5.[1 between 不命中]

mysql> desc select * from m_user where name between 'feng1' and 'feng3' order by school desc \G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

id: 1

select_type: SIMPLE

table: m_user

partitions: NULL

type: ALL

possible_keys: name

key: NULL

key_len: NULL

ref: NULL

rows: 1001

filtered: 22.38

Extra: Using where; Using filesort

1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

6.[1 <> 不命中]

mysql> desc select * from m_user where name<>'feng1' and age<10 order by school desc \G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

id: 1

select_type: SIMPLE

table: m_user

partitions: NULL

type: ALL

possible_keys: name

key: NULL

key_len: NULL

ref: NULL

rows: 1001

filtered: 33.30

Extra: Using where; Using filesort

1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

--------------------------------------------------------------

mysql> desc select * from m_user where name<>'feng1'\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

id: 1

select_type: SIMPLE

table: m_user

partitions: NULL

type: ALL

possible_keys: name

key: NULL

key_len: NULL

ref: NULL

rows: 1001

filtered: 99.90

Extra: Using where

1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

7.[1 < 或 <= 命中]

mysql> desc select * from m_user where name < 'feng1' and age<10 order by school desc \G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

id: 1

select_type: SIMPLE

table: m_user

partitions: NULL

type: range

possible_keys: name

key: name

key_len: 96

ref: NULL

rows: 1

filtered: 33.33

Extra: Using index condition; Using filesort

1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

8.[1 > 或 >= 不命中]

mysql> desc select * from m_user where name >= 'feng1' and age<10 order by school desc \G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

id: 1

select_type: SIMPLE

table: m_user

partitions: NULL

type: ALL

possible_keys: name

key: NULL

key_len: NULL

ref: NULL

rows: 1001

filtered: 33.30

Extra: Using where; Using filesort

1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

9.[无where条件 直接order by 不命中]

mysql> explain select * from m_user order by name desc\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

id: 1

select_type: SIMPLE

table: m_user

partitions: NULL

type: ALL

possible_keys: NULL

key: NULL

key_len: NULL

ref: NULL

rows: 1001

filtered: 100.00

Extra: Using filesort

1 row in set, 1 warning (0.13 sec)