c语言http协议上传文件,Android编程使用HTTP协议与TCP协议实现上传文件的方法

本文实例讲述了Android编程使用HTTP协议与TCP协议实现上传文件的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

Android上传文件有两种方式，第一种是基于Http协议的HttpURLConnection，第二种是基于TCP协议的Socket。 这两种方式的区别是使用HttpURLConnection上传时内部有缓存机制，如果上传较大文件会导致内存溢出。如果用TCP协议Socket方式上传就会解决这种弊端。

HTTP协议HttpURLConnection

1. 通过URL封装路径打开一个HttpURLConnection

2.设置请求方式以及头字段：Content-Type、Content-Length、Host

3.拼接数据发送

示例：

private static final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7db1c523809b2";//数据分割线

public boolean uploadHttpURLConnection(String username, String password, String path) throws Exception {

//找到sdcard上的文件

File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), path);

//仿Http协议发送数据方式进行拼接

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

sb.append("--" + BOUNDARY + "\r\n");

sb.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"username\"" + "\r\n");

sb.append("\r\n");

sb.append(username + "\r\n");

sb.append("--" + BOUNDARY + "\r\n");

sb.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"password\"" + "\r\n");

sb.append("\r\n");

sb.append(password + "\r\n");

sb.append("--" + BOUNDARY + "\r\n");

sb.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"" + path + "\"" + "\r\n");

sb.append("Content-Type: image/pjpeg" + "\r\n");

sb.append("\r\n");

byte[] before = sb.toString().getBytes("UTF-8");

byte[] after = ("\r\n--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n").getBytes("UTF-8");

URL url = new URL("http://192.168.1.16:8080/14_Web/servlet/LoginServlet");

HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

conn.setRequestMethod("POST");

conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + BOUNDARY);

conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(before.length + file.length() + after.length));

conn.setRequestProperty("HOST", "192.168.1.16:8080");

conn.setDoOutput(true);

OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();

InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);

out.write(before);

byte[] buf = new byte[1024];

int len;

while ((len = in.read(buf)) != -1)

out.write(buf, 0, len);

out.write(after);

in.close();

out.close();

return conn.getResponseCode() == 200;

}

TCP协议Socket

1.我们可以使用Socket发送TCP请求，将上传数据分段发送

示例：

public boolean uploadBySocket(String username, String password, String path) throws Exception {

// 根据path找到SDCard中的文件

File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), path);

// 组装表单字段和文件之前的数据

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

sb.append("--" + BOUNDARY + "\r\n");

sb.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"username\"" + "\r\n");

sb.append("\r\n");

sb.append(username + "\r\n");

sb.append("--" + BOUNDARY + "\r\n");

sb.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"password\"" + "\r\n");

sb.append("\r\n");

sb.append(password + "\r\n");

sb.append("--" + BOUNDARY + "\r\n");

sb.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"" + path + "\"" + "\r\n");

sb.append("Content-Type: image/pjpeg" + "\r\n");

sb.append("\r\n");

// 文件之前的数据

byte[] before = sb.toString().getBytes("UTF-8");

// 文件之后的数据

byte[] after = ("\r\n--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n").getBytes("UTF-8");

URL url = new URL("http://192.168.1.199:8080/14_Web/servlet/LoginServlet");

// 由于HttpURLConnection中会缓存数据, 上传较大文件时会导致内存溢出, 所以我们使用Socket传输

Socket socket = new Socket(url.getHost(), url.getPort());

OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();

PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(out, true, "UTF-8");

// 写出请求头

ps.println("POST /14_Web/servlet/LoginServlet HTTP/1.1");

ps.println("Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=" + BOUNDARY);

ps.println("Content-Length: " + String.valueOf(before.length + file.length() + after.length));

ps.println("Host: 192.168.1.199:8080");

InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);

// 写出数据

out.write(before);

byte[] buf = new byte[1024];

int len;

while ((len = in.read(buf)) != -1)

out.write(buf, 0, len);

out.write(after);

in.close();

out.close();

return true;

}

搭建服务器，完成上传功能

package cn.test.web.servlet;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItemFactory;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

@Override

public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

doPost(request, response);

}

@Override

public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

boolean isMultipart = ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request);

if (isMultipart)

try {

FileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();

ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);

List items = upload.parseRequest(request);

File dir = new File(request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload"));

//创建目录

dir.mkdir();

for (FileItem item : items)

if (item.isFormField())

System.out.println(item.getFieldName() + ": " + item.getString());

else{

item.write(new File(dir,item.getName().substring(item.getName().lastIndexOf("\\")+1)));

}

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

else {

System.out.println(request.getMethod());

System.out.println(request.getParameter("username"));

System.out.println(request.getParameter("password"));

}

}

}

希望本文所述对大家Android程序设计有所帮助。