mysql分组查询教程_[Java教程]Mysql分组查询group by语句详解

[Java教程]Mysql分组查询group by语句详解

0 2017-05-11 00:01:10

(1) group by的含义:将查询结果按照1个或多个字段进行分组，字段值相同的为一组

(2) group by可用于单个字段分组，也可用于多个字段分组select * from employee;+------+------+--------+------+------+-------------+| num | d_id | name | age | sex | homeaddr |+------+------+--------+------+------+-------------+| 1 | 1001 | 张三 | 26 | 男 | beijinghdq || 2 | 1002 | 李四 | 24 | 女 | beijingcpq || 3 | 1003 | 王五 | 25 | 男 | changshaylq || 4 | 1004 | Aric | 15 | 男 | England |+------+------+--------+------+------+-------------+

select * from employee groupby d_id,sex;

select * from employee group by sex;+------+------+--------+------+------+------------+| num | d_id | name | age | sex | homeaddr |+------+------+--------+------+------+------------+| 2 | 1002 | 李四 | 24 | 女 | beijingcpq || 1 | 1001 | 张三 | 26 | 男 | beijinghdq |+------+------+--------+------+------+------------+根据sex字段来分组，sex字段的全部值只有两个('男'和'女')，所以分为了两组当group by单独使用时，只显示出每组的第一条记录所以group by单独使用时的实际意义不大

group by + group_concat()

(1) group_concat(字段名)可以作为一个输出字段来使用，

(2) 表示分组之后，根据分组结果，使用group_concat()来放置每一组的某字段的值的集合select sex from employee group by sex;+------+| sex |+------+| 女 || 男 |+------+select sex,group_concat(name) from employee group by sex;+------+--------------------+| sex | group_concat(name) |+------+--------------------+| 女 | 李四 || 男 | 张三,王五,Aric |+------+--------------------+select sex,group_concat(d_id) from employee group by sex;+------+--------------------+| sex | group_concat(d_id) |+------+--------------------+| 女 | 1002 || 男 | 1001,1003,1004 |+------+--------------------+

group by + 集合函数

(1) 通过group_concat()的启发，我们既然可以统计出每个分组的某字段的值的集合，那么我们也可以通过集合函数来对这个"值的集合"做一些操作select sex,group_concat(age) from employee group by sex;+------+-------------------+| sex | group_concat(age) |+------+-------------------+| 女 | 24 || 男 | 26,25,15 |+------+-------------------+

分别统计性别为男/女的人年龄平均值select sex,avg(age) from employee group by sex;+------+----------+| sex | avg(age) |+------+----------+| 女 | 24.0000 || 男 | 22.0000 |+------+----------+

分别统计性别为男/女的人的个数select sex,count(sex) from employee group by sex;+------+------------+| sex | count(sex) |+------+------------+| 女 | 1 || 男 | 3 |+------+------------+

group by + having

(1) having 条件表达式：用来分组查询后指定一些条件来输出查询结果

(2) having作用和where一样，但having只能用于group byselect sex,count(sex) from employee group by sex havingcount(sex)>2;+------+------------+| sex | count(sex) |+------+------------+| 男 | 3 |+------+------------+

group by + with rollup

(1) with rollup的作用是：在最后新增一行，来记录当前列里所有记录的总和select sex,count(age) from employee group by sex withrollup;+------+------------+| sex | count(age) |+------+------------+| 女 | 1 || 男 | 3 || NULL | 4 |+------+------------+select sex,group_concat(age) from employee group bysex withrollup;+------+-------------------+| sex | group_concat(age) |+------+-------------------+| 女 | 24 || 男 | 26,25,15 || NULL | 24,26,25,15 |+------+-------------------+ 本文网址：http://www.shaoqun.com/a/308455.html

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