【原】Java并发程序的一个使用Exchanger的实例
今天看了些Exchanger的资料,有个喝水的例子不错。我这里细化了以下,并得到实现。
思路:
有一个Drinker和一个Waiter,有两个杯子,一个空杯子,一个杯子有3升水,Drinker一次喝1升水,要耗时1秒,Waiter一次可以倒1升水,一次耗时1秒。开始时,他们各持一个杯子,Drinker持有3升水的杯子,Waiter持有空杯子。然后开始喝水,当有一个杯子里没水了,整个程序结束。
方法:
Exchanger主要用于交换两个线程的同类型的共享数据,喝水这个例子很好的表现了Exchanger的作用。
【注:】程序中的数据可以自己调整来,整体体现了动态交换杯子的效果。
import java.util.concurrent.Exchanger;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
class Cup {
int waterVolume = 0;
String cupName="";
public String getCupName() {
return cupName;
}
public void setCupName(String cupName) {
this.cupName = cupName;
}
Cup(int i ,String name){
waterVolume=i;
cupName=name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return cupName+"有"+waterVolume+"升水!";
}
public int getWaterVolume() {
return waterVolume;
}
public void drinkWater(){
waterVolume--;
}
public void drinkWater( int i ){
if((waterVolume-i)>=0){
waterVolume-=i;
}else{
System.out.println("没有这么多水可以喝!!!");
return;
}
}
public void addWater(){
waterVolume++;
}
public void addWater(int i){
waterVolume=i;
}
}
class Drinker implements Runnable{
Cup currentCup;
Exchanger ex;
Drinker(Exchanger ex,Cup c){
currentCup= c;
this.ex= ex;
}
@Override
public void run() {
//得到杯子喝水
/*try {
currentCup = (Cup)ex.exchange(currentCup);
} catch (InterruptedException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}*/
boolean flag = true;
while(flag){
if(currentCup.getWaterVolume() > 0){
System.out.println("喝水者:"+currentCup);
System.out.println("喝水者:从"+currentCup.getCupName()+"喝2升水,喝水用时1秒");
currentCup.drinkWater(2);
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO: handle exception
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(currentCup.getWaterVolume() == 0){
System.out.println("喝水者:"+currentCup+",水喝光了!别加了!");
flag=false;
}
//服务员加完水后的杯子
try {
currentCup = (Cup)ex.exchange(currentCup);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
class Waiter implements Runnable{
Cup currentCup;
Exchanger ex;
Waiter(Exchanger ex,Cup c){
currentCup= c;
this.ex= ex;
}
@Override
public void run() {
//得到杯子加水
/*try {
currentCup = (Cup)ex.exchange(currentCup);
} catch (InterruptedException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}*/
boolean flag = true;
while(flag){
System.out.println("服务员:"+currentCup);
System.out.println("服务员:倒入"+currentCup.getCupName()+" 1升水,耗时1秒");
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO: handle exception
e.printStackTrace();
}
currentCup.addWater();
//得到顾客递过来的杯子
try {
currentCup=(Cup)ex.exchange(currentCup);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
if(currentCup.getWaterVolume() == 0){
System.out.println("服务员:"+currentCup+"水喝光了!!不加了!");
flag=false;
}
}
}
}
public class DrinkWaterDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Cup cup1 = new Cup(3,"cup1");
Cup cup2 = new Cup(0,"cup2");
final Exchanger ec = new Exchanger();
ExecutorService es = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
es.submit(new Waiter(ec,cup2));
es.submit(new Drinker(ec, cup1));
es.shutdown();
}
}