java ++i是多少_java-i++和++i从jvm层面解释

代码如下：

public static void main(String arg[]) {

int a = 0;

a++;

System.out.println(a);

int b = 0;

++b;

System.out.println(b);

int c = 0;

System.out.println(b++);

int d = 0;

System.out.println(++d);

}

查看编译后的class文件

查看方式：可以直接使用命令：javap -v main.class。或者使用idea扩展插件jclasslib。使用方法可以自己百度吧。我不经常查看class文件，是使用的是命令。下面是完整的输出结果

Classfile /E:/MyProject/kite-school/kite-school-security/target/classes/com/school/mainTest.class

Last modified 2020年12月7日; size 854 bytes

MD5 checksum 6687beca749c37871dca7cd1caba837c

Compiled from "mainTest.java"

public class com.school.mainTest

minor version: 0

major version: 52

flags: (0x0021) ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_SUPER

this_class: #4 // com/school/mainTest

super_class: #5 // java/lang/Object

interfaces: 0, fields: 0, methods: 2, attributes: 2

Constant pool:

#1 = Methodref #5.#31 // java/lang/Object."":()V

#2 = Fieldref #32.#33 // java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;

#3 = Methodref #34.#35 // java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V

#4 = Class #36 // com/school/mainTest

#5 = Class #37 // java/lang/Object

#6 = Class #38 // com/school/mainTest$1

#7 = Utf8 InnerClasses

#8 = Class #39 // com/school/mainTest$ObjectClass

#9 = Utf8 ObjectClass

#10 = Class #40 // com/school/mainTest$ClassTest

#11 = Utf8 ClassTest

#12 = Utf8

#13 = Utf8 ()V

#14 = Utf8 Code

#15 = Utf8 LineNumberTable

#16 = Utf8 LocalVariableTable

#17 = Utf8 this

#18 = Utf8 Lcom/school/mainTest;

#19 = Utf8 main

#20 = Utf8 ([Ljava/lang/String;)V

#21 = Utf8 arg

#22 = Utf8 [Ljava/lang/String;

#23 = Utf8 a

#24 = Utf8 I

#25 = Utf8 b

#26 = Utf8 c

#27 = Utf8 d

#28 = Utf8 MethodParameters

#29 = Utf8 SourceFile

#30 = Utf8 mainTest.java

#31 = NameAndType #12:#13 // "":()V

#32 = Class #41 // java/lang/System

#33 = NameAndType #42:#43 // out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;

#34 = Class #44 // java/io/PrintStream

#35 = NameAndType #45:#46 // println:(I)V

#36 = Utf8 com/school/mainTest

#37 = Utf8 java/lang/Object

#38 = Utf8 com/school/mainTest$1

#39 = Utf8 com/school/mainTest$ObjectClass

#40 = Utf8 com/school/mainTest$ClassTest

#41 = Utf8 java/lang/System

#42 = Utf8 out

#43 = Utf8 Ljava/io/PrintStream;

#44 = Utf8 java/io/PrintStream

#45 = Utf8 println

#46 = Utf8 (I)V

{

public com.school.mainTest();

descriptor: ()V

flags: (0x0001) ACC_PUBLIC

Code:

stack=1, locals=1, args_size=1

0: aload_0

1: invokespecial #1 // Method java/lang/Object."":()V

4: return

LineNumberTable:

line 17: 0

LocalVariableTable:

Start Length Slot Name Signature

0 5 0 this Lcom/school/mainTest;

public static void main(java.lang.String[]);

descriptor: ([Ljava/lang/String;)V

flags: (0x0009) ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATIC

Code:

stack=2, locals=5, args_size=1

0: iconst_0

1: istore_1

2: iinc 1, 1

5: getstatic #2 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;

8: iload_1

9: invokevirtual #3 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V

12: iconst_0

13: istore_2

14: iinc 2, 1

17: getstatic #2 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;

20: iload_2

21: invokevirtual #3 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V

24: iconst_0

25: istore_3

26: getstatic #2 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;

29: iload_2

30: iinc 2, 1

33: invokevirtual #3 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V

36: iconst_0

37: istore 4

39: getstatic #2 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;

42: iinc 4, 1

45: iload 4

47: invokevirtual #3 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V

50: return

LineNumberTable:

line 33: 0

line 34: 2

line 35: 5

line 37: 12

line 38: 14

line 39: 17

line 41: 24

line 42: 26

line 44: 36

line 45: 39

line 46: 50

LocalVariableTable:

Start Length Slot Name Signature

0 51 0 arg [Ljava/lang/String;

2 49 1 a I

14 37 2 b I

26 25 3 c I

39 12 4 d I

MethodParameters:

Name Flags

arg

}

SourceFile: "mainTest.java"

InnerClasses:

static #6; // class com/school/mainTest$1

static #11= #10 of #4; // ClassTest=class com/school/mainTest$ClassTest of class com/school/mainTest

重点：

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可以看到i++和++i的不同主要在于对操作数栈和局部变量表的操作顺序不同，导致当操作i的时候，发现i的值有所不同。这里大家可以参考下面的命令解释，然后再仔细看看我的截图，就会有很好的了解。更多的 指令集见：java class源文件指令集解释

使用命令解释

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i++和++i线程安全问题

i++和++i的线程安全分为两种情况：

1、如果i是局部变量(在方法里定义的)，那么是线程安全的。因为局部变量是线程私有的，别的线程访问不到，其实也可以说没有线程安不安全之说，因为别的线程对他造不成影响。

2、如果i是全局变量(类的成员变量)，那么是线程不安全的。因为如果是全局变量的话，同一进程中的不同线程都有可能访问到。

可以使用Synchronized锁或者Lock接口的实现类锁，都可以

如果有大量线程同时执行i++操作，i变量的副本拷贝到每个线程的线程栈，当同时有两个线程栈以上的线程读取线程变量，假如此时是1的话，那么同时执行i++操作，再写入到全局变量，最后两个线程执行完，i会等于3而不会是2，所以，出现不安全性。