本文介绍了如何通过自定义Vim配置来提高编程效率，包括命令前缀设置、键盘映射、自动补全、搜索与高亮、文件浏览和编辑、代码跳转等功能的详细配置，以及插件如TagList、NERD_tree、OmniCppComplete和Vimwiki的使用。此外，还分享了如何整合cscope和ctags进行代码索引，以及针对不同操作系统和环境的适配策略。
let mapleader = ";" " 比较习惯用;作为命令前缀，右手小拇指直接能按到" 把空格键映射成:
nmap :" 快捷打开编辑vimrc文件的键盘绑定
map ee :e $HOME/.vimrcautocmd! bufwritepost *.vimrc source $HOME/.vimrc" ^z快速进入shell
nmap :shellinoremapn
" 判断操作系统
if (has("win32") || has("win64") || has("win32unix"))
let g:isWin= 1
elselet g:isWin= 0endif" 判断是终端还是gvim
if has("gui_running")
let g:isGUI= 1
elselet g:isGUI= 0endif
set nocompatible" 关闭兼容模式
syntax enable " 语法高亮
filetype plugin on " 文件类型插件
filetype indent on
set shortmess=atI " 去掉欢迎界面
set autoindent
autocmd BufEnter*:syntax sync fromstart
set nu" 显示行号
set showcmd " 显示命令
set lz " 当运行宏时，在命令执行完成之前，不重绘屏幕
set hid " 可以在没有保存的情况下切换buffer
set backspace=eol,start,indent
set whichwrap+=,h,l " 退格键和方向键可以换行
set incsearch " 增量式搜索
set nohlsearch"set hlsearch "高亮搜索
set ignorecase" 搜索时忽略大小写
set magic " 额，自己:h magic吧，一行很难解释
set showmatch " 显示匹配的括号
set nobackup " 关闭备份
set nowb
set noswapfile" 不使用swp文件，注意，错误退出后无法恢复
set lbr " 在breakat字符处而不是最后一个字符处断行
set ai " 自动缩进
set si " 智能缩进
set cindent " C/C++风格缩进
set wildmenu
set nofen
set fdl=10
" tab转化为4个字符
set expandtab
set smarttab
set shiftwidth=4set tabstop=4
" 不使用beep或flash
set vb t_vb=set background=dark
set t_Co=256colorscheme xoria256
set history=400 " vim记住的历史操作的数量，默认的是20
set autoread " 当文件在外部被修改时，自动重新读取
set mouse=n " 在所有模式下都允许使用鼠标，还可以是n,v,i,c等
"在gvim中高亮当前行
if(g:isGUI)
set cursorline
colorscheme wombat
hi cursorline guibg=#333333hi CursorColumn guibg=#333333
"set guifont=Consolas\ 10
"set guifontwide=Consolas\ 10
set guifont=DejaVu\ Sans\ Mono\ 10set gfw=DejaVu\ Sans\ Mono\ 10
" 不显示toolbar
set guioptions-=T" 不显示菜单栏
"set guioptions-=m
endif" 设置字符集编码，默认使用utf8
if(g:isWin)
let&termencoding=&encoding " 通常win下的encoding为cp936
set fileencodings=utf8,cp936,ucs-bom,latin1elseset encoding=utf8
set fileencodings=utf8,gb2312,gb18030,ucs-bom,latin1
endif" 状态栏
set laststatus=2 " 总是显示状态栏
highlight StatusLine cterm=bold ctermfg=yellow ctermbg=blue" 获取当前路径，将$HOME转化为~
function!CurDir()
let curdir= substitute(getcwd(), $HOME, "~", "g")returncurdir
endfunction
set statusline=[%n]\ %f%m%r%h\ \|\ \ pwd:\ %{CurDir()}\ \ \|%=\|\ %l,%c\ %p%%\ \|\ ascii=%b,hex=%b%{((&fenc==\"\")?\"\":\"\ \|\ \".&fenc)}\ \|\ %{$USER}\ @\ %{hostname()}\
" 第80列往后加下划线"au BufWinEnter * let w:m2=matchadd('Underlined', '\%>' . 80 . 'v.\+', -1)
" 根据给定方向搜索当前光标下的单词，结合下面两个绑定使用
function!VisualSearch(direction) range
let l:saved_reg= @" execute "normal! vgvy"let l:pattern= escape(@", '\\/.*$^~[]')
let l:pattern = substitute(l:pattern, "\n$", "", "")if a:direction == 'b'execute"normal ?" . l:pattern . ""
elseexecute"normal /" . l:pattern . ""endif
let @/ =l:pattern
let @" = l:saved_reg
endfunction" 用 */# 向 前/后 搜索光标下的单词
vnoremap * :call VisualSearch('f')vnoremap # :call VisualSearch('b')
" 在文件名上按gf时，在新的tab中打开"map gf :tabnew
" 用c-j,k在buffer之间切换
nn :bnnn :bp
" Bash(Emacs)风格键盘绑定
imap imap
"imap d0i"imap d$i "与自动补全中的绑定冲突"从系统剪切板中复制，剪切，粘贴
map "+y
map "+x
map "+p
" 恢复上次文件打开位置
set viminfo='10,\"100,:20,%,n~/.viminfo
au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 0|if line("'\"") <= line("$")|exe("norm '\"")|else|exe "norm $"|endif|endif" 删除buffer时不关闭窗口
command! Bclose call BufcloseCloseIt()
function! BufcloseCloseIt()
let l:currentBufNum= bufnr("%")
let l:alternateBufNum= bufnr("#")ifbuflisted(l:alternateBufNum)
buffer #elsebnext
endifif bufnr("%") ==l:currentBufNumnewendififbuflisted(l:currentBufNum)
execute("bdelete! ".l:currentBufNum)
endif
endfunction" 快捷输入" 自动完成括号和引号
inoremap 1 ():let leavechar=")"i
inoremap2 []:let leavechar="]"i
inoremap3 {}:let leavechar="}"i
inoremap4 {o}:let leavechar="}"O
inoremapq '':let leavechar="'"i
inoremapw "":let leavechar='"'i" 插件窗口的宽度，如TagList,NERD_tree等，自己设置
let s:PlugWinSize = 25
" taglist.vim" http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=273" t 打开TagList窗口，窗口在右边
nmap t :TlistToggle
"let Tlist_Ctags_Cmd = '/usr/bin/ctags'
let Tlist_Show_One_File = 0let Tlist_Exit_OnlyWindow= 1let Tlist_Use_Right_Window= 1let Tlist_File_Fold_Auto_Close= 1let Tlist_GainFocus_On_ToggleOpen= 0let Tlist_WinWidth=s:PlugWinSize
let Tlist_Auto_Open= 0let Tlist_Display_Prototype= 0
"let Tlist_Close_On_Select = 1
" OmniCppComplete.vim" http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=1520
set completeopt=menu
let OmniCpp_ShowPrototypeInAbbr= 1let OmniCpp_DefaultNamespaces= ["std"] " 逗号分割的字符串
let OmniCpp_MayCompleteScope = 1let OmniCpp_ShowPrototypeInAbbr= 0let OmniCpp_SelectFirstItem= 2
" c-j自动补全，当补全菜单打开时，c-j,k上下选择
imap pumvisible()?"\":"\"imap pumvisible()?"\":"\"
" f:文件名补全，l:行补全，d:字典补全，]:tag补全
imap imapimapimap
" NERD_commenter.vim" http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=1218" Toggle单行注释/“性感”注释/注释到行尾/取消注释
map cc ,cmapcs ,cs
mapc$ ,c$
mapcu ,cu" NERD tree" http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=1658
let NERDTreeShowHidden = 1let NERDTreeWinPos= "left"let NERDTreeWinSize=s:PlugWinSize
nmapn :NERDTreeToggle
" DoxygenToolkit.vim" http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=987" 暂时没有使用
" 更新ctags和cscope索引" href: http://www.vimer.cn/2009/10/把vim打造成一个真正的ide2.html" 稍作修改，提取出DeleteFile函数，修改ctags和cscope执行命令
map :call Do_CsTag()function!Do_CsTag()
let dir=getcwd()"先删除已有的tags和cscope文件，如果存在且无法删除，则报错。
if ( DeleteFile(dir, "tags") )returnendifif ( DeleteFile(dir, "cscope.files") )returnendifif ( DeleteFile(dir, "cscope.out") )returnendifif(executable('ctags'))
silent! execute "!ctags -R --c++-kinds=+p --fields=+iaS --extra=+q ."endifif(executable('cscope') && has("cscope") )if(g:isWin)
silent! execute "!dir /s/b *.c,*.cpp,*.h,*.java,*.cs >> cscope.files"
elsesilent! execute "!find . -iname '*.[ch]' -o -name '*.cpp' > cscope.files"endif
silent! execute "!cscope -b"execute"normal :"
if filereadable("cscope.out")
execute"cs add cscope.out"endif
endif" 刷新屏幕
execute "redr!"endfunction
function!DeleteFile(dir, filename)iffilereadable(a:filename)if(g:isWin)
let ret= delete(a:dir."\\".a:filename)elselet ret= delete("./".a:filename)
endifif (ret != 0)
echohl WarningMsg| echo "Failed to delete ".a:filename |echohl Nonereturn 1
else
return 0endif
endifreturn 0endfunction" cscope 绑定
if has("cscope")
set csto=1set cst
set nocsverbif filereadable("cscope.out")
cs add cscope.out
endif
set csverb" s: C语言符号 g: 定义 d: 这个函数调用的函数 c: 调用这个函数的函数
" t: 文本 e: egrep模式 f: 文件 i: include本文件的文件
nmap ss :cs find s =expand(""):copennmapsg :cs find g =expand("")nmapsc :cs find c =expand(""):copennmapst :cs find t =expand(""):copennmapse :cs find e =expand(""):copennmapsf :cs find f =expand(""):copennmapsi :cs find i ^=expand("")$:copennmapsd :cs find d =expand(""):copenendif" Quick Fix 设置
map :cwmap :cpmap :cn
" Buffers Explorer (需要genutils.vim)" http://vim.sourceforge.net/scripts/script.php?script_id=42" http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=197
let g:bufExplorerDefaultHelp=0 " Do not show default help.
let g:bufExplorerShowRelativePath=1 " Show relative paths.
let g:bufExplorerSortBy='mru' " Sort by most recently used.
let g:bufExplorerSplitRight=0 " Split left.
let g:bufExplorerSplitVertical=1 " Split vertically.
let g:bufExplorerSplitVertSize = s:PlugWinSize " Split width
let g:bufExplorerUseCurrentWindow=1 " Open in new window.
autocmd BufWinEnter \[Buf\ List\] setl nonumber
nmapb :BufExplorer
" Vimwiki配置
let g:vimwiki_list = [{'path': '~/Dropbox/MyWiki/my_site/',
\'path-html': '~/Dropbox/MyWiki/my_site_html/',
\'html-header': '~/Dropbox/MyWiki/templates/header.tpl',
\'html-footer': '~/Dropbox/MyWiki/templates/footer.tpl'}]
let g:vimwiki_camel_case=0let wiki={}
let wiki.path= '~/Dropbox/MyWiki/my_site/'let wiki.nested_syntaxes= {'python': 'python', 'c++': 'cpp'}
let g:vimwiki_list=[wiki]"pythoncomplete配置
autocmd filetype python set omnifunc=pythoncomplete#Complete
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